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Navigating breast cancer brain metastasis:Risk factors,prognostic indicators,and treatment perspectives

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World Journal of Clinical oncology 2024年第5期15卷 594-598页

作者： Jayalingappa Karthik Amit Sehrawat Mayank Kapoor Deepak Sundriyal Department of medical oncology haematology All India Institute of Medical Sciences RishikeshRishikesh 249203UttarakhandIndia

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Chen et *** specifically focus on the risk factors,prognostic factors,and management of brain metastasis(BM)in breast cancer(BC).BC is the second most common cancer to have BM after lung *** risk factors for BM in BC are:HER-2 positive BC,triplenegative BC,and germline BRCA *** factors associated with BM are lung metastasis,age less than 40 years,and African and American *** though risk factors associated with BM in BC are elucidated,there is a lack of data on predictive models for BM in *** studies have been made to formulate predictive models or nomograms to address this issue,where age,grade of tumor,HER-2 receptor status,and number of metastatic sites(1 vs>1)were predictive of BM in metastatic ***,none have been used in clinical *** Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends screening of BM in advanced BC only when the patient is symptomatic or suspicious of central nervous system symptoms;routine screening for BM in BC is not recommended in the *** decreases the quality of life and will have a significant psychological *** studies are required for designing validated nomograms or predictive models for BM in BC;these models can be used in the future to develop treatment approaches to prevent BM,which improves the quality of life and overall survival.

关键词： Breast cancer Brain metastasis HER2 positive Metastatic breast cancer Risk factors,Predictive models

Gallbladder cancer:Progress in the Indian subcontinent

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World Journal of Clinical oncology 2024年第6期15卷 695-716页

作者： Ashok Kumar Yajnadatta Sarangi Annapurna Gupta Aarti Sharma Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia Division of haematology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054United States

Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is one of the commonest biliary malignancies seen in India,Argentina,and *** disease has dismal outcome as it is detected quite late due to nonspecific symptoms and *** detection is the only way to improve the *** have been several advances in basic as well as clinical research in the hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases in the West and other developed countries but not enough has been done in ***,it is imp-ortant and the responsibility of the countries with high burden of GBC to find solutions to the many unanswered questions like etiopathogenesis,early diagn-osis,treatment,and *** India being one of the largest hubs for GBC in the world,it is important to know how the country has progressed on *** this review,we will discuss the outcome of the publications from India highlighting the work and the developments taken place in past several decades both in basic and clinical research.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer India basic research Clinical research Surgery Therapeutics

Metastatic colorectal cancer-past,progress and future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第28期13卷 3806-3815页

作者： Kathryn Field Lara Lipton Department of medical oncology and Clinical haematology Western HospitalFootscray 3011VictoriaAustralia

The clinical management of metastatic （stage IV） colorectal cancer （CRC） is a common challenge faced by surgeons and physicians. The last decade has seen exciting developments in the management of CRC, with significant improvements in prognosis for patients diagnosed with stage IV disease. Treatment options have expanded from 5-fluorouracil alone to a range of pharmaceutical and interventional therapies, improving survival, and providing a cure in selected cases. Enhanced understanding of the biologic pathways most important in colorectal carcinogenesis has led to a new generation of drugs showing promise in advanced disease. It is hoped that in the near future the treatment paradigm of metastatic CRC will be analogous to that of a chronic illness, rather than a rapidly terminal condition. This overview discusses the epidemiology of advanced CRC and currently available therapeutic options including medical, surgical, ablative and novel modalities in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Metastases Chemotherapy oncology Biological therapies

Adjuvant therapies for colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第28期13卷 3799-3805页

作者： Suzanne Kosmider Lara Lipton Department of medical oncology and Clinical haematology Western HospitalFootscray 3011VictoriaAustralia

The management of colon and rectal cancer has changed dramatically over the last 25 years. The use of adjuvant therapies has become standard practice in locally advanced （stage M and selected stage 11） colorectal cancer. Improved surgical techniques, chemotherapeutics and radiotherapy are resulting in higher cure rates and the development of agents targeting proliferative and angiogenic pathways offer further promise. Here we explore risk factors for local and distant recurrence after resection of colon and rectal cancer, and the role of adjuvant treatments. Discussion will focus on the evidence base for adjuvant therapies utilised in colorectal cancer, and the treatment of sub-groups such as the elderly and stage 11 disease. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer in reduction of recurrence will be explored and the role and optimal methods for surveillance post-curative resection with or without adjuvant therapy will also be addressed.

关键词： Colon cancer Rectal cancer Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Adjuvant treatment

Exploring Mechanism of Key Chinese Herbal Medicine on Breast Cancer by Data Mining and Network Pharmacology Methods

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第12期27卷 919-926页

作者： YANG Li-na WU Zhu-lin YANG Zhen-jiang LI Shi-guang OUYANG Chen-sheng Department of oncology and haematology the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineShenzhenGuangdong Province(518033)China

Objective To screen the key Chinese Herbal Medicines(KCHMs)against breast cancer by data mining,and analyze the potential mechanism of KCHMs using network pharmacology *** Clinical prescriptions consisted of CHMs for treating breast cancer were screened,and then Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(TCMISS)was applied to obtain the ***,active ingredients and corresponding target genes of KCHMs were searched by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)database,and target genes of breast cancer were collected using OMIM and *** that,the overlapping target genes of KCHMs and breast cancer were screened,and the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was *** addition,a network of“KCHMs-active ingredients-breast cancer-targets”was constructed by Cytoscape ***,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)analysis were performed with Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery(DAVID)database to reveal the action mechanism of *** A total of 7 KCHMs were identified,whose active ingredients include quercetin,luteolin,nobiletin,kaempferol,isorhamnetin,naringenin,and be-ta-sitosterol,*** on protein-protein interaction analysis,core targets were ESR1,MYC,CCND1,EGFR,CASP3,ERBB2,*** KEGG pathways(e.g,PI3K-Akt,p53,ErbB,and HIF-1 signaling pathways)were *** Based on the combination of the data mining method and network pharmacology approach,the therapeutic effect of KCHMs on breast cancer may be realized by acting on target genes and signaling pathways related to the formation and progression of breast cancer.

关键词： breast cancer Chinese medicine Chinese herbal medicine pharmacology

CLAG-M chemotherapy followed by umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation for primary refractory acute myeloid leukaemia in a child:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第22期8卷 5603-5610页

作者： Jie Huang Xiao-Yun Yang Liu-Cheng Rong Yao Xue Jun Zhu Yong-Jun Fang Department of haematology and oncology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The prognosis of paediatric primary refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia(R/R AML)remains *** therapy is typically used as salvage treatment for those with R/R *** data are currently available about the use of the CLAG-M protocol as salvage therapy in paediatric patients with R/R *** SUMMARY An 8-year-old patient was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia by bone marrow morphology and *** patient showed poor response to two cycles of induction therapy with 60%blast cells in the bone marrow after the second induction *** patient achieved complete remission after being treated with the CLAG-M protocol as salvage therapy before undergoing umbilical cord blood stem cell *** complete remission with haematological recovery has hitherto been maintained over 4 *** gene mutations detected at diagnosis were undetectable after haematopoietic stem cell *** Here we present a paediatric patient with primary refractory acute myeloid leukaemia who was successfully treated with the CLAG-M *** the positive results of the presented patient,large-scale clinical studies are required to assess the role of the CLAG-M protocol in the salvage treatment of refractory or relapsed AML in childhood.

关键词： Acute myeloid leukaemia CLAG-M protocol Salvage therapy Refractory child Case report

Role of von Willebrand factor levels in the prognosis of stage Ⅳ colorectal cancer: Do we have enough evidence?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 6072-6073页

作者： I.Gil-Bazo J.A Díaz-González J.Rodríguez J.Cortés E.Calvo J. A. Páramo J.García-Foncillas Department of oncology Institute for Drug Development Service of haematology

Cancer patients usually present a prothrombotic condition. Several clotting-related proteins, such as von Willebrand factor （vWF）, presenting higher plasma concentrations in these patients, may play a key role in this process. Moreover, some of those proteins are currently being characterized as response rate and overall survival markers in metastatic colorectal cancer （MCRC）. In this comment article,

关键词： Von Willebrand factor Colorectal cancer Prognosis

奈妥匹坦帕洛诺司琼预防化疗引起的恶心呕吐:从临床试验到日常临床实践

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中国实用医药 2024年第1期19卷 159-174页

作者： Matti Aapro Karin Jordan Florian Scotté Luigi Celio Meinolf Karthaus Eric Roeland Genolier Cancer Centre Clinique de GenolierGenolierSwitzerland Department haematology Oncology and Palliative CareErnst von Bergmann Klinikum PotsdamPotsdamGermany Department of Medicine V HematologyOncology and RheumatologyUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Interdisciplinary Cancer Course Department Gustave Roussy Cancer InstituteVillejuifFrance medical oncology Unit ASST del GardaDesenzano del Garda(BS)Italy Department of Hematology Oncology and Palliative CareKlinikum NeuperlachMunichGermany Department of Hematology Oncology and Palliative CareKlinikum HarlachingMunichGermany Oregon Health and Sciences University Knight Cancer InstitutePortlandORUSA

化疗引起的恶心呕吐(CINV)是众多抗癌药物治疗中常见的不良事件,不仅会对患者生活质量带来负面影响,还有可能影响化疗效果。目前,指南建议的止吐方案可以预防大部分癌症患者的CINV。但临床医师并不能始终遵循指南建议,患者也常常难以坚... 详细信息

化疗引起的恶心呕吐(CINV)是众多抗癌药物治疗中常见的不良事件,不仅会对患者生活质量带来负面影响,还有可能影响化疗效果。目前,指南建议的止吐方案可以预防大部分癌症患者的CINV。但临床医师并不能始终遵循指南建议,患者也常常难以坚持医师处方的治疗。因此需要采取一些提高指南依从性的方法。奈妥匹坦帕洛诺司琼(NEPA)是首个也是唯一一个固定剂量复方止吐药,由奈妥匹坦(口服)/福奈妥匹坦(静脉给药)与帕洛诺司琼(PALO)组成。NEPA可以联合地塞米松组成三联止吐方案,这是用于高致吐性化疗(HEC)患者和部分中致吐性化疗(MEC)患者预防CINV的推荐方案。因此,NEPA止吐治疗操作简单便捷,可能有助于提高指南依从性。本综述对CINV进行了概括,评价了在临床试验和真实实践中积累的NEPA止吐效果及安全性方面的证据,同时也评价了在关键临床试验之外的环境下,即日常临床环境中使用NEPA进行止吐的初步证据。此外,本文还评述了化疗期间使用NEPA控制恶心症状和提高患者生活质量,这是癌症患者管理中面临的两个大挑战。

关键词：奈妥匹坦帕洛诺司琼化疗引起的恶心呕吐 NK1受体拮抗剂 5-羟色胺-3受体拮抗剂生活质量止吐方案

Pancreatic cancer:A model cancer for the study of the therapeutic effects of anticoagulants

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal oncology 2009年第1期1卷 38-40页

作者： Anthony Maraveyas The Queen's Centre for oncology and haematology Hull and York Medical SchoolCastle Hill Hospital

Cancer-related thromboembolic disease is a well recognized syndrome since first described by Armand Trousseau in *** the morbidity and mortality related to thromboembolism in these patients is becoming a priority research area with the advent of new *** is only recently that randomized trials of improved quality are been undertaken to study this *** of these trials however are still not accounting for the heterogeneity of "cancer" in terms of anatomical site,histology,stage and *** editorial review highlights why pancreatic cancer may serve as a model malignancy to study this question.

关键词： Pancreatic Cancer Vascular Thromboembolism Vascular thromboembolic disease Heparin Anticoagulants