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Chemical looping based ammonia production--A promising pathway for production of the noncarbon fuel

Science Bulletin 2022年第20期67卷 2124-2138,M0004页

作者： Qinghua Lai Tianyi Cai Shik Chi Edman Tsang Xia Chen Runping Ye Zhenghe Xu Morris D.Argyle Dong Ding Yongmei Chen Jianji Wang Armistead G.Russell Ye Wu Jian Liu Maohong Fan College of Engineering and Applied Science University of WyomingLaramie WY 82071USA School of Energy and Power Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Wolfson Catalysis Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxford Ox13QRUK College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta T6G1H9Canada Department of Chemical Engineering Brigham Young UniversityProvo UT 84602USA Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls ID83415USA College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBejing 100029China School of Chemistry and Environmental Science Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta GA 30332USA MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials Department of Chemical and Process Engineeringand Advanced Technology InstituteUniversity of SurreyGuilford Surrey GU27XH UK

Ammonia, primarily made with Haber-Bosch process developed in 1909 and winning two Nobel prizes, is a promising noncarbon fuel for preventing global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels. However,the undesired characteristics of the process, including high carbon footprint, necessitate alternative ammonia synthesis methods, and among them is chemical looping ammonia production(CLAP) that uses nitrogen carrier materials and operates at atmospheric pressure with high product selectivity and energy efficiency. To date, neither a systematic review nor a perspective in nitrogen carriers and CLAP has been reported in the critical area. Thus, this work not only assesses the previous results of CLAP but also provides perspectives towards the future of CLAP. It classifies, characterizes, and holistically analyzes the fundamentally different CLAP pathways and discusses the ways of further improving the CLAP performance with the assistance of plasma technology and artificial intelligence(AI).

关键词： Ammonia synthesis Chemical looping Nitrogen carrier Renewable fuels Energy carrier

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Future for inertial-fusion energy in Europe:a roadmap

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 162-192页

作者： Dimitri Batani Arnaud Colaitis Fabrizio Consoli Colin N.Danson Leonida Antonio Gizzi Javier Honrubia Thomas Kühl Sebastien Le Pape Jean-Luc Miquel Jose Manuel Perlado R.H.H.Scott Michael Tatarakis Vladimir Tikhonchuk Luca Volpe Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde Bordeaux±CNRS±CEATalence cedexFrance ENEA Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security DepartmentC.R.FrascatiFrascatiItaly AWE AldermastonReadingUK Centre for Inertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR-INO)PisaItaly ETSIAE Universidad Politecnica de Madrid MadridSpain GSI-Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany Laboratoire pour l’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses(LULI) CNRS±Ecole PolytechniquePalaiseau cedexFrance ALP Le BarpFrance and CEA/DAMÎle de FranceBruyères le ChâtelArpajon cedexFrance Instituto Fusión NuclearªGuillermo Velardeº(IFN-GV) Universidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell OxfordOxfordshireUK Institute of Plasma physics and Lasers University Research and Innovation CentreHellenic Mediterranean UniversityRethymnoCreteGreece Department of Electronic Engineering School of EngineeringHellenic Mediterranean UniversityChaniaCreteGreece Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI-Beamlines FacilityDolníBÏrežanyCzech Republic Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) Parque CientificoVillamayorSalamancaSpain

The recent achievement of fusion ignition with laser-driven technologies at the National Ignition Facility sets a historic accomplishment in fusion energy *** accomplishment paves the way for using laser inertial fusion as a viable approach for future energy *** has a unique opportunity to empower research in this field internationally,and the scientific community is eager to engage in this *** propose establishing a European programme on inertial-fusion energy with the mission to demonstrate laser-driven ignition in the direct-drive scheme and to develop pathway technologies for the commercial fusion *** proposed roadmap is based on four complementary axes:(ⅰ)the physics of laser-plasma interaction and burning plasmas;(ⅱ)high-energy high repetition rate laser technology;(ⅲ)fusion reactor technology and materials;and(ⅳ)reinforcement of the laser fusion community by international education and training *** foresee collaboration with universities,research centres and industry and establishing joint activities with the private sector involved in laser *** project aims to stimulate a broad range of high-profile industrial developments in laser,plasma and radiation technologies along with the expected high-level socio-economic impact.

关键词： education and training fusion reactor technology high-energy laser high repetition rate laser inertial confinement fusion laser-plasma interaction public-private partnership radiation resistant materials

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Green‑Solvent Processed Blade‑Coating Organic Solar Cells with an Efficiency Approaching 19%Enabled by Alkyl‑Tailored Acceptors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第12期15卷 449-462页

作者： Hairui Bai Ruijie Ma Wenyan Su Top Archie Dela Pea Tengfei Li Lingxiao Tang Jie Yang Bin Hu Yilin Wang Zhaozhao Bi Yueling Su Qi Wei Qiang Wu Yuwei Duan Yuxiang Li Jiaying Wu Zicheng Ding Xunfan Liao Yinjuan Huang Chao Gao Guanghao Lu Mingjie Li Weiguo Zhu Gang Li Qunping Fan Wei Ma State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Light‑Electricity‑Heat Energy‑Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science and EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164People’s Republic of China Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education/National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis Jiangxi Normal University99 Ziyang AvenueNanchang 330022People’s Republic of China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy(RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054People’s Republic of China Department of Applied physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongPeople’s Republic of China Advanced Materials Thrust Function HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyNanshaGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054People’s Republic of China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen ChemicalsXi’an Modern Chemistry Research InstituteXi’an 710065People’s Republic of China

Power-conversion-efficiencies(PCEs)of organic solar cells(OSCs)in laboratory,normally processed by spin-coating technology with toxic halogenated solvents,have reached over 19%.However,there is usually a marked PCE drop when the bladecoating and/or green-solvents toward large-scale printing are used instead,which hampers the practical development of ***,a new series of N-alkyl-tailored small molecule acceptors named YR-SeNF with a same molecular main backbone are developed by combining selenium-fused central-core and naphthalene-fused *** to the N-alkyl engineering,NIR-absorbing YR-SeNF series show different crystallinity,packing patterns,and miscibility with polymeric *** studies exhibit that the molecular packing,crystallinity,and vertical distribution of active layer morphologies are well optimized by introducing newly designed guest acceptor associated with tailored N-alkyl chains,providing the improved charge transfer dynamics and stability for the PM6:L8-BO:YRSeNF-based *** a result,a record-high PCE approaching 19%is achieved in the blade-coating OSCs fabricated from a greensolvent o-xylene with high-boiling ***,ternary OSCs offer robust operating stability under maximum-power-point tracking and well-keep>80%of the initial PCEs for even over 400 *** alkyl-tailored guest acceptor strategy provides a unique approach to develop green-solvent and blade-coating processed high-efficiency and operating stable OSCs,which paves a way for industrial development.

关键词： Alkyl-tailored guest acceptors Blade-coating Green solvent processing Stability Organic solar cells

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Daily CO_(2) Emission Reduction Indicates the Control of Activities to Contain COVID-19 in China

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The Innovation 2020年第3期1卷 24-36页

作者： Rong Wang Yuankang Xiong Xiaofan Xing Ruipu Yang Jiarong Li Yijing Wang Junji Cao Yves Balkanski Josep Peñuelas Philippe Ciais Didier Hauglustaine Jordi Sardans Jianmin Chen Jianmin Ma Tang Xu Haidong Kan Yan Zhang Tomohiro Oda Lidia Morawska Renhe Zhang Shu Tao Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Big Data Institute for Carbon Emission and Environmental Pollution Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710075P.R.China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA CNRS UVSQ91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès08193 CataloniaSpain CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UABBellaterra08193 CataloniaSpain College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking University100871 BeijingP.R.China School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology AssessmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200438P.R.China Universities Space Research Association ColumbiaMDUSA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Queensland University of Technology 2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092P.R.China

Lockdown measures are essential to containing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but they will slow down economic growth by reducing industrial and commercial ***,the benefits of activity control from containing the pandemic have not been examined and *** we use daily carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission reduction in China estimated from statistical data for energy consumption and satellite data for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI)as an indicator for reduced activities consecutive to a *** perform a correlation analysis to show that a 1%day-1 decrease in the rate of COVID-19 cases is associated with a reduction in daily CO_(2) emissions of 0.22%±0.02%using statistical data for energy consumption relative to emissions without COVID-19,or 0.20%±0.02%using satellite data for atmospheric column NO_(2).We estimate that swift action in China is effective in limiting the number of COVID-19 cases<100,000 with a reduction in CO_(2) emissions of up to 23%by the end of February 2020,whereas a 1-week delay would have required greater containment and a doubling of the emission reduction to meet the same *** analyzing the costs of health care and fatalities,we find that the benefits on public health due to reduced activities in China are 10-fold larger than the loss of gross domestic *** findings suggest an unprecedentedly high cost of maintaining activities and CO_(2) emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic and stress substantial benefits of containment in public health by taking early actions to reduce activities during the outbreak of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 PANDEMIC CARBON EMISSION ENERGY CONSUMPTION SOCIAL CARBON COST CONTAINMENT EFFICACY PUBLIC HEALTH CORRELATION ANALYSIS INTEGRATED MODEL

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