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Prognostic value of baseline FDG uptake on PET-CT in esophageal carcinoma

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第5期6卷 139-144页

作者： Omar S Al-Taan Amar Eltweri David Sharpe Peter M Rodgers Sukhbir S Ubhi David J Bowrey departments of Surgery University Hospitals of Leicester departments of radiology University Hospitals of Leicester

AIM: To evaluate the influence of baseline maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax) on survival in a cohort of patients, undergoing positron emission tomography-computed tomography(PET-CT) scan for esophageal carcinoma. METHODS: The pre-treatment SUVmax numeric reading was determined in patients with confirmed esophageal or junctional cancer having PET-CT scan during the time period 1st January 2007 until 31 st July 2012. A minimum follow up of 12 mo was required. Patients were subdivided into quartiles according to SUVmax value and the influence of SUVmax on survival was assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis. The following pre-treatment factors were investigated: patient characteristics, tumor characteristics and planned treatment. RESULTS: The study population was 271 patients(191male) with esophageal or junctional carcinoma. The median age was 65 years(range 40-85) and histologic subtype was adenocarcinoma in 197 patients and squamous carcinoma in 74 patients. The treatment intent was radical in 182 and palliative in 89 patients. SUVmax was linked to histologic subtype(P = 0.008), tumor site(P = 0.01) and Union for International Cancer Control(UICC) stage(P < 0.001). On univariate analysis, prognosis was significantly associated with SUVmax(P = 0.001), T-stage(P < 0.001) and UICC stage(P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, only T-stage and UICC stage remained significant. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment SUVmax was not a useful marker in isolation for determining prognosis of patients with esophageal carcinoma.

关键词： Esophageal neoplasms Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Positron emission tomography Positron emission tomography-computed tomography Prognosis

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Distinct and Additive Effects of Alcohol and Thiamine Deficiency in the Developing Brain: Relevance to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第6期14卷 161-186页

作者： Suzanne M. de la Monte Elizabeth Silbermann Ming Tong departments of Pathology (Neuropathology) Neurology and Neurosurgery Brown University Providence RI USA Department of Medicine Brown University Providence RI USA Rhode Island Hospital Providence RI USA Women & Infants Hospital Providence RI USA Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Portland VA Medical Center Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA

Background: Neurodevelopmental abnormalities in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are linked to brain insulin resistance and oxidative stress. However, the role of thiamine deficiency as a distinct or additive factor in the pathogenesis of the neurodevelopmental and metabolic derangements in FASD has not been determined. Methods: Control and ethanol-exposed human PNET2 cerebellar neuronal cells and rat cerebellar slice cultures were treated with vehicle or pyrithiamine (Pyr) to assess independent and additive effects of thiamine deficiency on ethanol-mediated neurotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, inhibition of neuronal and glial genes, and oxidative stress. Results: Pyr treatments (0 - 200 µM) caused dose-dependent cell loss (Crystal Violet assay) and reduced mitochondrial function (MTT assay) in PNET2 neuronal cultures. Ethanol alone (100 mM) significantly reduced PNET2 neuronal viability, MTT activity, and ATP production. Over the broad dose range of Pyr treatment, ethanol significantly reduced ATP content and cell number and increased mitochondrial mass (MitoTracker Green). Ex vivo cerebellar slice culture studies revealed ethanol-induced developmental architectural disruption that was substantially worsened by Pyr. The adverse effects of ethanol were linked to increased lipid peroxidation and inhibition of asparatyl-asparaginyl-β-hydroxylase (ASPH) expression. The independent and additive effects of Pyr were associated with increased cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, Caspase 3 activation, and Tau accumulation. Conclusions: During development, alcohol exposure and thiamine deficiency exert distinct but overlapping molecular pathologies that ultimately impair the structure and function of cerebellar neurons. While both insults drive cell loss and mitochondrial dysfunction with increased lipid peroxidation, ethanol’s additional inhibitory effects on ASPH reflect impairments in insulin and IGF signaling. In contrast, Pyr’s main adverse e

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Thiamine Deficiency Cerebellum Slice Culture Pyrithiamine

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ROENTGENOLOGIC AND PATHOLOGIC STUDIES OF EXPERIMENTAL LESIONS OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS JAPONICA

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1966年第2期85卷 87-95页

作者：周克家宗永生 departments of radiology and Pathoanatomy Chung Shan Medical College Canton

Numerous clinical and experimental studies on pathologic changes of the lungs in schistosomiasis japonica have been made in China in recent years, but views still differ on the formation of miliary lesions of the lungs and the mode of invasion of ova into the lungs. In this paper we present the results of our experimental work with a discussion on some of the problems involved.

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Unusual Giant Pre-Sacral Multicystic Schwannoma: A Case Report and Differential Diagnosis

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Open Journal of radiology 2024年第3期14卷 103-112页

作者： Mehfoud Ibrahim Khoulali Mohamed Khay Hamid Mejdoubi Anasse Oulali Noureddine Moufid Fayçal Bouziane Mohammed Housni Brahim Department of neurosurgery Faculty of Medicine University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco Department of neurosurgery lHpital Universitaire International Mohammed VI de Bouskoura Bouskoura Morocco Department of Gastroenterology Surgery Faculty of Medicine University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco

Background: Schwannomas are generally benign neoplasms arising from the nerve sheath. Presacral schwannomas are very rare entities and difficult to diagnose, representing less than 15% of all retrorectal space tumors. Benign schwannoma sometimes displays degenerative changes, such as cyst formation, calcification, hemorrhage, and hyalinization. Usually these degenerations are partially seen in the tumors. Objective: To point out that presacral schwannoma can display markedly multilocular cystic degeneration. Case Report: We present this unique case of a 24-year-old man diagnosed with an unusually large pure multilocular cystic schwannoma, which is revealed by digestive, urinary, and nonspecific neurological symptoms. The patient was successfully treated with radical surgery via an anterior approach leading to the recovery of symptoms. Discussion and Conclusion: This tumor was unusual in its totally multicystic appearance and its resemblance to a wide spectrum of lesions that can occur in the pre-sacral space, such as hydatid and developmental cysts. Preoperative diagnosis is essential to prevent major neurological deficits during surgical intervention.

关键词： Multicystic Schwannoma Pre-Sacral Space Differential Diagnosis

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Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve protects against cerebral ischemic injury through an anti-inflammatory mechanism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第4期10卷 576-582页

作者： Yao-xian Xiang Wen-xin Wang Zhe Xue Lei Zhu Sheng-bao Wang Zheng-hui Sun Department of neurosurgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Department of radiology Beijing Electric Power Hospit

Vagus nerve stimulation exerts protective effects against ischemic brain injury; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia was established using the occlusion method, and the right vagus nerve was given electrical stimula-tion （constant current of 0.5 mA; pulse width, 0.5 ms; frequency, 20 Hz; duration, 30 seconds; every 5 minutes for a total of 60 minutes） 30 minutes, 12 hours, and 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after surgery. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve substantially reduced infarct volume, improved neurological function, and decreased the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and in-terleukin-6 in rats with focal cerebral ischemia. The experimental findings indicate that the neuroprotective effect of vagus nerve stimulation following cerebral ischemia may be associated with the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 expression.

关键词： nerve regeneration vagus nerve stimulation cerebral ischemia inflammatory cytokines infarct volume neurological function NSFC grants neural regeneration

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In situ visualization of the cellular uptake and sub-cellular distribution of mussel oligosaccharides

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第6期14卷 840-850页

作者： Zhenjie Yu Huarong Shao Xintian Shao Linyan Yu Yanan Gao Youxiao Ren Fei Liu Caicai Meng Peixue Ling Qixin Chen Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission School of Pharmaceutical Sciences&Institute of Materia MedicaMedical Science and Technology Innovation CenterShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan250117China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide DrugsNational-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide DrugsShandong Academy of Pharmaceutical ScienceJinan250101China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University ShenzhenGuangdong518057China School of Life Sciences Medical Science and Technology Innovation CenterShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan250117China departments of Diagnostic radiology SurgeryChemical and Biomolecular Engineeringand Biomedical EngineeringYong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore119074Singapore School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong UniversityJinan250101China

Unlike chemosynthetic drugs designed for specific molecular and disease targets,active small-molecule natural products typically have a wide range of bioactivities and multiple targets,necessitating extensive screening and *** address this issue,we propose a strategy for the direct in situ microdynamic examination of potential drug candidates to rapidly identify their effects and mechanisms of *** a proof-of-concept,we investigated the behavior of mussel oligosaccharide(MOS-1)by tracking the subcellular dynamics of fluorescently labeled MOS-1 in cultured *** recorded the entire dynamic process of the localization of fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-MOS-1 to the lysosomes and visualized the distribution of the drug within the ***,lysosomes containing FITC-MOS-1 actively recruited lipid droplets,leading to fusion events and increased cellular lipid *** drug behaviors confirmed MOS-1 is a candidate for the treatment of lipid-related ***,in a high-fat HepG2 cell model and in high-fat diet-fed apolipoprotein E(ApoE)^(-/-)mice,MOS-1 significantly promoted triglyceride degradation,reduced lipid droplet accumulation,lowered serum triglyceride levels,and mitigated liver damage and ***,our work supports the prioritization of in situ visual monitoring of drug location and distribution in subcellular compartments during the drug development phase,as this methodology contributes to the rapid identification of drug ***,this methodology is significant for the screening and development of selective small-molecule drugs,and is expected to expedite the identification of candidate molecules with medicinal effects.

关键词： Cellular imaging Fluorescence labeling Mussel oligosaccharide Lipid metabolism

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Subspecialty radiology and surgery

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第2期12卷 122-124页

作者： Steven C Cunningham Saleem Farooqui departments of Surgery and radiology Saint Agnes Hospital

The Master said: "Yu! Shall I teach you the meaning of knowledge?When you know a thing to recognize that you know it; and when you do not, to know that you do not know

关键词： Subspecialty radiology and surgery FNH

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Cortical Representation of Pain and Touch:Evidence from Combined Functional Neuroimaging and Electrophysiology in Non-human Primates

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 165-177页

作者： Li Min Chen departments of radiology and Radiological Sciences and Psychology Institute of Imaging Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Human functional MRI studies in acute and various chronic pain conditions have revolutionized how we view pain, and have led to a new theory that complex multi-dimensional pain experience （sensory-discriminative, affective/motivational, and cognitive） is represented by concurrent activity in widely-distributed brain regions （termed a network or pain matrix）. Despite these break- through discoveries, the specific functions proposed for these regions remain elusive, because detailed electrophys- iological characterizations of these regions in the primate brain are lacking. To fill in this knowledge gap, we have studied the cortical areas around the central and lateral sulci of the non-human primate brain with combined submillimeter resolution functional imaging （optical imaging and fMRI） and intracranial electrophysiological recording. In this mini-review, I summarize and present data showing that the cortical circuitry engaged in nociceptive processing is much more complex than previously recognized. Electrophysiological evidence supports the engage- ment of a distinct nociceptive-processing network within SI （i.e., areas 3a, 3b, 1 and 2）, SII, and other areas along the lateral sulcus. Deafferentation caused by spinal cord injury profoundly alters the relationships between fMRI and electrophysiological signals. This finding has significant implications for using fMRI to study chronic pain conditions involving deafferentation in humans.

关键词： Nociception Non-human primate Cortex Functional MRI Functional connectivity

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Endarterectomy for symptomatic non-stenotic carotids: a systematic review and descriptive analysis

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第1期7卷 6-12页

作者： Anthony Larson Valentina Nardi Waleed Brinjikji John Benson Giuseppe Lanzino Luis Savastano Department of radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA neurosurgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

Objective To systematically analyse prior reports of carotid endarterectomy(CEA)performed in cases of≤50%carotid stenosis in order to understand patient tolerance and potential *** A systematic review and descriptive analysis was performed in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses *** English-language search was performed of online databases using librarian-selected search *** were reviewed for relevance which included mention of carotid endarterectomy and *** or retrospective observational cohort studies that reported series of patients who underwent endarterectomy for minimal(≤50%)luminal stenosis with reported outcomes were *** Six studies(which included our institutional series)with a total of 143 patients met the inclusion *** weighted mean age at the time of CEA was 72.3 years;113(79.0%)were male.55.8%of patients with available data had recurrent ipsilateral ischaemic events despite medical *** patients out of 129 with available perioperative data(1.6%)had perioperative MRI findings of acute ischaemic stroke,both within the hemisphere contralateral to the side of *** the 138 patients with available follow-up(mean,36 months),none had recurrent ipsilateral ischaemic *** Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid disease causing≤50%stenosis may be a potentially beneficial strategy to prevent stroke *** with robust methodology are needed to draw more definitive conclusions in terms of the safety and efficacy of endarterectomy for minimal stenosis with vulnerable features relative to intensive medical therapy.

关键词： carotid stenosis analysis

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Weight measurement using image-based pose analysis

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第12期18卷 1507-1512页

作者： Robert J.Sclabassi Laboratory for Computational Neuroseience Departments of NeurosurgeryElectrical & Computer Engineeringand BioengineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh 15213USA

Image-based gait analysis as a means of biometric identification has attracted much research *** of the existing methods focus on human identification,posture analysis and movement *** have been few investigations on measuring the carried load based on the carrier’s gait characteristics by automatic image ***,this measurement is very useful in a number of applications,such as the study of the carried load on the postural development of children and *** this paper,we inves- tigate how to automatically estimate the carried weight from a sequence of *** present a method to extract human gait silhouette based on an observation that humans tend to minimize the energy during *** compute several angles of body leaning and deter- mine the relationship of the carried weight,the leaning angles and the centroid location according to a human kinetic *** weight determination method has been verified successfully by experiments.

关键词： Image-based pose analysis Energy minimization Pattern recognition Load carrying measurement

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