检索结果-南通市图书馆

Personality in social insects： How does worker personality determine colony personality？

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 580-588页

作者： Noa PINTER-WOLLMAN Department of biology and Program in Human biology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

ASocial insect colonies and the workers comprising them, each exhibit consistent individual differences in behavior, also known as ＇personalities＇. Because the behavior of social insect colonies emerges from the actions of their workers, individual variation among workers＇ personality may be important in determining the variation we observe among colonies. The reproduc- tive unit of social insects, on which natural selection acts, is the colony, not individual workers. Therefore, it is important to un- derstand what mechanisms govern the observed variation among colonies. Here I propose three hypotheses that address how con- sistent individual differences in the behavior of workers may lead to consistent individual differences in the behavior of colonies： 1. Colonies differ consistently in their average of worker personality; 2. The distribution but not the average of worker personali- ties varies consistently among colonies; and 3. Colony personality does not emerge from its worker personality composition but from consistent external constraints. I review evidence supporting each of these hypotheses and suggest methods to further inves-tigate them. The study of how colony personality emerges from the personalities of the workers comprising them may shed light on the mechanisms underlying consistent individual differences in the behavior of other animals .

关键词： Insect Colony Personality Worker

Analysis of Global Expression Profiles of Arabidopsis Genes Under Abscisic Acid and H2O2 Applications

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2006年第1期48卷 62-74页

作者： Peng-Cheng Wang Yan-Yan Du Guo-Yong An Yun Zhou Chen Miao Chun-Peng Song Laboratory of Plant Stress biology Department of Biology Henan University Kaifeng 475001 China

To gain insight into the coordination of gene expression profiles under abscisic acid （ABA） and H2O2 applications, global changes in gene expression in response to ABA and H2O2 in Arabidopsis seedlings were investigated using GeneChip （Santa Clara, CA, USA） arrays. Among over 24 000 genes present in the arrays, 459 tran- scripts were found to be significantly increased, whereas another 221 decreased following H2O2 treatment compared with control. Similar to treatment with H2O2, ABA treatment elevated the transcription of 391 genes and repressed that of 322 genes. One hundred and forty-three upregulated genes and 75 downregulated genes were shared between the two treatments and these genes were mainly involved in metabolism, signal transduction, transcription, defense, and resistance. Only two genes, which encode an APETALA2/dehydra- tion-responsive element binding protein （AP2/DREBP） family transcriptional factor and a late embryogenesis- abundant protein, were downregulated by H202, but upregulated by ABA. These results suggest that, similar to ABA, H202 plays a global role in gene transcription of Arabidopsis seedlings. The transcriptional responses induced by the application of exogenous ABA and H2O2 overlapped substantially. These two treatments regulated most of the downstream genes in a coordinated manner.

关键词： abscisic acid gene expression hydrogen peroxide microarray.

Massive Molecular Parallel Evolution of the HSP90AA1 Gene between High-elevation Anurans

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Herpetological Research 2018年第3期9卷 195-200页

作者： Hong JIN Bin LU Jinzhong FU Chengdu Institute of biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Integrative biology University of Guelph

HSP90 AA1 is part of the heat shock protein 90 gene family and has important functions against heat stress. We report a case of molecular level parallel evolution of the HSP90 AA1 gene in high elevation amphibians. HSP90 AA1 gene sequences of four high-elevation anurans, Bufo gargarizans, Nanorana parkeri, Rana kukunoris, and Scutiger boulengeri, were compared along with five of their low-elevation relatives. A total of 16 amino-acid sites were identified as parallel evolution between N. parkeri and R. kukunoris. We generated both model based（Zhang and Kumar＇s test） and empirical data based（parallel/divergence plotting） null distributions for non-parallel evolution, and both methods clearly determined that the observed number of parallel substitutions were significantly more than the null expectation. Furthermore, on the HSP90 AA1 gene tree, N. parkeri and R. kukunoris formed a strongly supported clade that was away from their respective relatives. This study provides a clear case of molecular parallel evolution, which may have significant implications in understanding the genetic mechanisms of high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： molecular parallel evolution high-elevation case study amphibian HSP90AA1 gene

维普期刊数据库

Central role of the LEAFY COTYLEDON1 transcription factor in seed development

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2019年第5期61卷 564-580页

作者： Leonardo Jo Julie M.Pelletier John J.Harada Department of Plant biology and Plant biology Graduate Group University of CaliforniaDavis USA

Seed development is a complex period of the flowering plant life *** fertilization,the three main regions of the seed,embryo,endosperm and seed coat,undergo a series of developmental processes that result in the production of a mature seed that is developmentally arrested,desiccated,and metabolically *** processes are highly coordinated,both temporally and spatially,to ensure the proper growth and development of the *** transcription factor,LEAFY COTYLEDON1(LEC1),is a central regulator that controls several aspects of embryo and endosperm development,including embryo morphogenesis,photosynthesis,and storage reserve ***,LEC1 regulates distinct sets of genes at different stages of seed *** its critical importance for seed development,an understanding of the mechanisms underlying LECi's multifunctionality is only beginning to be *** studies describe the roles of specific transcription factors and the hormones,gibberellic acid and abscisic acid,in controlling the activity and transcriptional specificity of LEC1 across seed ***,studies indicate that LEC1 acts as a pioneer transcript!on factor to promote epigenetic reprogramming during *** this review,we discuss the mechanisms that enable LEC1 to serve as a central regulator of seed development.

关键词： Seed development flowering plant seed development

维普期刊数据库

Convergences in the diversification of bats

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2010年第4期56卷 454-468页

作者： M.Brock FENTON Department of biology University of Western Ontario

Twenty-five characters or suites of characters from bats are considered in light of changes in bat classification. Thecharacters include some associated with flower-visiting (two), echolocation (12), roosting (six), reproduction (two) and three areof unknown adaptive function. In both the 1998 and 2006 classifications of bats into suborders (Megachiroptera and Microchiropteraversus Yinpterochiroptera and Yangochiroptera, respectively), some convergences between suborders are the same (e.g.,foliage roosting, tent building), but others associated with echolocation differ substantially. In the 1998 phylogeny convergencesassociated with echolocation (high duty cycle echolocation, nasal emission of echolocation calls) occurred among the *** the 2006 phylogeny, they occur between Yinpterochiroptera and Yangochiroptera. While some traits apparently aroseindependently in two suborders (e.g., foliage-roosting, tent building, low intensity echolocation calls, noseleafs, nasal emission ofecholocation calls, high duty cycle echolocation behaviour), others appear to have been ancestral (roosting in narrow spaces,laryngeal echolocation, stylohyal-tympanic contact, oral emission of echolocation calls, and small litter size). A narrow profilethrough the chest is typical of bats reflecting the thoracic skeleton. This feature suggests that the ancestors of bats spent the day insmall crevices. Features associated with laryngeal echolocation appear to be ancestral, suggesting that echolocation evolved earlyin bats but was subsequently lost in one yinpterochiropteran lineage .

关键词： Flower-visiting Echolocation Roosting Reproduction Ancestral bat

维普期刊数据库

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction:An uncommon condition with heterogeneous etiology and unpredictable outcome

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第6期14卷 954-959页

作者： Eugen Florin Georgescu Ion Vasile Reanina Ionescu Filantropia University Hospital from Craiova Department of Internal Medicine 2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Romania departmental Emergency University Hospital from Craiova Department of General Surgery 2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Romania

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) either acute or chronic is a condition including features of intestinal ileus in absence of mechanical obstruction. Our paper presents such a rare case of idiopathic IPO in a 53-year-old male patient with recurrent episodes of pseudo-obstruction, which were successfully resolved by anticholinesterase agents, motilin agonists or colonic decompression. However, the patient finally underwent total colectomy. Huge colonic dilatation was identified intraoperatorily, while histology showed a neuropathic variant of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Etiologic mechanisms and current therapeutic methods are reviewed in this paper, which concludes that IPO is a condition in which conservative treatment usually fails. Total colectomy with ileoanal pouch may be the only solution in these situations.

关键词： Intestinal pseudo-obstruction Anticholinesterase agents Motilin receptor agonists Colonoscopic decompression Total colectomy with ileoanal pouch

Immunity of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 342-357页

作者： Iwona Wojda Maria Curie-Sklodowska University Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Institute of Biology and Biochemistry Department of Immuno-biology Akademicka 19 20-033 Lublin Poland

Investigation of insect immune mechanisms provides important information concerning innate immunity, which in many aspects is conserved in animals. This is one of the reasons why insects serve as model organisms to study virulence mechanisms of human pathogens. From the evolutionary point of view, we also learn a lot about host-pathogen interaction and adaptation of organisms to conditions of life. Additionally, insect-derived antibacterial and antifungal peptides and proteins are considered for their potential to be applied as alternatives to antibiotics. While Drosophila melanogaster is used to study the genetic aspect of insect immunity, Galleria mellonella serves as a good model for biochemical research. Given the size of the insect, it is possible to obtain easily hemolymph and other tissues as a source of many immune-relevant polypeptides. This review article summarizes our knowledge concerning G. mellonella immunity. The best-characterized immune-related proteins and peptides are recalled and their short characteristic is given. Some other proteins identified at the mRNA level are also mentioned. The infectious routes used by Galleria natural pathogens such as Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana are also described in the context of host-pathogen interaction. Finally, the plasticity of G. mellonella immune response influenced by abiotic and biotic factors is described.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis Beauveria bassiana defense proteins and peptides Galleria mellonella insect immunity

Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 20-25页

作者： Nadeesha R Samarasinghe Taniya S Nagpal Michele L Barbeau Charys M Martin Division of General Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3BCCanada Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2R3ABCanada Anatomy and Cell biology University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada Department of Anatomy and Cell biology Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada

The benefits of regular physical activity are well ***,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary *** investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MSK)anatomy course *** synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy *** fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously *** the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MSK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental *** participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MSK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce *** majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social ***,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MSK course *** with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

关键词： Medical education Musculoskeletal Anatomy Exercise Online learning

IMMUNOFLUORESCENT STUDIES ON MICROTUBULES OF NORMAL AND MALIGNANT HUMAN ESOPHAGEAL CELLS

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China Chemistry 1986年第3期29卷 289-294页

作者：林仲翔王端顺雷思晋汪堃仁 Department of Cell biology Beijing Institute of Cancer Research Beijing Normal University Department of biology Division of Cell biology

Anti-tubulin antibody indirect immunofluorescenee microscopy is used in this report. Difference of intracellular microtubule fluorescent staining patterns between normal and malignant human esophageal cells has been *** cultured human esophageal epithelial cells display an elaborate array of fluorescent cytoplasmic microtubule filaments, the cytoplasmic microtubule complex(CMTC), in interphase cells and mitotic spindle microtubules in mitotic cells. Malignant esophageal cells from human esophageal carcinoma, ECa109 cells, contain very few cytoplasmic microtubules in interphase cells, but there is no difference of mitotic spindle microtubule fluorescence between normal and malignant *** results presented in this report suggest that the diminution of interphase cytoplasmic mierotubules in tumor cells is probably due to the deficiency of microtubule organizing mechanism in interphase tumor cells.

关键词： IMMUNOFLUORESCENT STUDIES ON MICROTUBULES OF NORMAL AND MALIGNANT HUMAN ESOPHAGEAL CELLS