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China CDC weekly 2024年第33期6卷 834-840页

作者： Minrui Ren Keli Li Yan Li Chunxiang Fan Yuyang Xu Lina Zhang Yuan Li Lei Cao Wenzhou Yu Zundong Yin national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) National Immunization ProgrammeChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina department of Expanded programme on immunization Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina

Introduction The Haemophilus influenzae type b(Hib)conjugate vaccine is widely administered in *** We extracted data on Hib vaccine doses administered and adverse events following immunization(AEFI)reported between 2010 and 2021 from the Chinese national immunization Information System(CNIIS).A descriptive analysis was conducted to examine the characteristics and incidence rates of AEFI with the Hib *** In China,between 2010 and 2021,a total of 52,910 AEFIs with the Hib vaccine were reported,resulting in an overall AEFI reporting rate of 38.10 per 100,000 ***(typically minor)and rare(potentially serious)vaccine reactions occurred at rates of 34.71 and 2.78 per 100,000 doses,*** the common vaccine reactions,the incidences of fever(axillary temperature≥38.6℃),injection site redness and swelling(>2.5 cm in diameter),and injection site induration(>2.5 cm in diameter)were 11.93,9.69,and 3.38 per 100,000 doses,*** vaccine reactions included anaphylactic rash,angioedema,and febrile convulsion with reported incidences of 2.42,0.10,and 0.05 per 100,000 doses,*** incidence of serious rare vaccine reactions was 0.16 per 100,000 *** The reported incidence of AEFI with the Hib vaccine was low,with the occurrence of serious rare adverse reactions also being markedly low throughout the period 2010–2021 in China.

关键词： doses markedly injection

The 10^(th) World Hepatitis Day 2020--July 28,2020

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China CDC weekly 2020年第30期2卷 557-558页

作者： Zundong Yin national immunization programme Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Viral hepatitis represents one of the most serious public health threats in the world *** Hepatitis Day takes place on July 28 every year and is an opportunity to step up national and international efforts to control and prevent viral hepatitis and to encourage action and engagement by individuals,partners,and the general *** 28 was chosen for the World Hepatitis Day because it is the birthday of Nobel-prize-winning scientist Dr.

关键词： World threat partner

Induced pluripotent stem cell-related approaches to generate dopaminergic neurons for Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3193-3206页

作者： Ling-Xiao Yi Hui Ren Woon Genevieve Saw Li Zeng Eng King Tan Zhi Dong Zhou national Neuroscience Institute Singapore Nanyang Technology University Singapore department of Neurology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Signature Research Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative *** the detailed pathogenesis accounting for dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease is still unclear,the advancement of stem cell approaches has shown promise for Parkinson's disease research and *** induced pluripotent stem cells have been commonly used to generate dopaminergic neurons,which has provided valuable insights to improve our understanding of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and contributed to anti-Parkinson's disease *** current review discusses the practical approaches and potential applications of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for generating and differentiating dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem *** benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-based research are *** dopaminergic neuron differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells are *** emerging three-dimension-based brain organoid models compared with conventional two-dimensional cell culture are ***,limitations,challenges,and future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–based approaches are analyzed and proposed,which will be significant to the future application of induced pluripotent stem cell-related techniques for Parkinson's disease.

关键词： dopaminergic neurons induced pluripotent stem cells Parkinson's disease stem cell approaches

Biomechanical control of lymphatic vessel physiology and functions

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第9期20卷 1051-1062页

作者： Veronique Angeli Hwee Ying Lim Immunology Translational Research programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineDepartment of Microbiology and ImmunologyNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Immunology programme Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

The ever-growing research on lymphatic biology has clearly identified lymphatic vessels as key players that maintain human health through their functional roles in tissue fluid homeostasis,immunosurveillance,lipid metabolism and *** is therefore not surprising that the list of human diseases associated with lymphatic malfunctions has grown larger,including issues beyond lymphedema,a pathology traditionally associated with lymphatic drainage ***,the discovery of factors and pathways that can promote optimal lymphatic functions may offer new therapeutic *** evidence indicates that aside from biochemical factors,biomechanical signals also regulate lymphatic vessel expansion and functions ***,we review how mechanical forces induced by fluid shear stress affect the behavior and functions of lymphatic vessels and the mechanisms lymphatic vessels employ to sense and transduce these mechanical cues into biological signals.

关键词： lymphatic vessel biomechanical force mechanosensing mechanotransduction human diseases

Impact of immunization Strategies on Rubella Incidence During Progress Toward Rubella Control and Elimination-China,2004-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第50期6卷 1319-1324,I0001页

作者： Siyu Liu Xia Xu Qianqian Liu Lin Tang Xiaoqi Wang Aodi Huang Jiuhong Li Yuexin Xiu Hong Yang Ning Wen Lance ERodewald Zundong Yin Fuzhen Wang 1 national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) National Immunization ProgrammeChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Background:Since rubella was incorporated into the national disease surveillance system in 2004,rubella incidence has changed *** study analyzed the impact of immunization strategies on the age-specific and sex-specific incidence of rubella in China from 2004 to 2023 to inform efforts to accelerate rubella ***:Annual rubella-containing vaccine(RCV)coverage levels,reported rubella cases and incidence,and vaccination status of cases were obtained from the national immunization Program Information Management System,the national Notifiable Diseases Reporting System,and the Measles Surveillance System,and used to describe temporal *** trends and annual percent changes(APC)by age group and sex were estimated using joinpoint ***:In 2008,RCV coverage was 51.5%for the first dose and 39.0%for the second dose,increasing to and stabilizing at 95%or above for both doses by *** were 584,758 cases of rubella reported in China during 2004–*** regression showed that rubella incidence initially increased,peaked in 2008,and then decreased(APC2004–2008=47.12%,APC2008–2023=–18.95%,Pimmunization gaps and maintain high surveillance sensitivity are necessary to promote rubella elimination.

关键词： Incidence prevention doses

Forty and Twenty Years Ago and Now--Virus Elimination Successes and New Challenges

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China CDC weekly 2020年第50期2卷 953-954页

作者： Lance E.Rodewald national immunization Program China CDC immunization Services Division US CDC(2000-2012) WHO China Country Office(2012-2017)

Forty years ago,smallpox was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization(WHO).As ***,Director of the Smallpox Eradication programme at the WHO quoted from the 33^(rd) World Health Assembly(1980)(1),“...the world and all its peoples have won freedom from smallpox...a most devastating disease...since earliest time,leaving death,blindness,and disfigurement in its wake and which only a decade ago was rampant in Africa,Asia and South America.”

关键词： death Director disease.

Kinetic study of austenite formation during continuous heating of unalloyed ductile iron

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第1期22卷 27-31页

作者： Octvio Vazquez-Gómez Jos Antonio Barrera-Godínez Hctor Javier Vergara-Hernndez Faculty of Chemistry Metallurgical Engineering DepartmentAutonomous National University of Mexico Metallurgy Science Postgraduate programme Morelia Institute of Technology

The austenite formation kinetics in unalloyed cast ductile iron was studied on the basis of dilatometry measurements, and Avrami＇s equation was used to estimate the material＇s kinetic parameters. A continuous heating transformation diagram was constructed us-ing heating rates in the range of 0.06 to 0.83℃·s^-1. As the heating rate was augmented, the critical temperatures, c1A and Aα, as well as the intercritical range, which was evaluated as the difference between the critical temperatures, α c1Δ T =A_a- A_c1 , increased. At a low heating rate, the kinetics of austenite formation was slow as a consequence of the iron＇s silicon content. The effect of heating rate on k and n, the kinetic parameters of Avrami＇s equation, was also determined. Parameter n, which is associated with nucleation sites and growth geometry, de-creased with an increase in heating rate. In addition, parameter k increased with the increase of heating rate, suggesting that the nucleation and growth rates are carbon-and silicon-diffusion controlled during austenite formation under continuous heating.

关键词： ductile iron austenite continuous heating heating rate kinetics dilatometry

Effect of initial microstructure on austenite formation kinetics in high-strength experimental microalloyed steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第12期22卷 1304-1312页

作者： Edgar López-Martínez Octavio Vázquez-Gómez Héctor Javier Vergara-Hernández Bernardo Campillo Faculty of Chemistry Metallurgical Engineering Department Autonomous National University of Mexico national Council for Science and Technology Metallurgy Science Postgraduate programme Morelia Institute of Technology Institute of Physical Sciences Autonomous National University of Mexico

Austenite formation kinetics in two high-strength experimental microalloyed steels with different initial microstructures comprising bainite-martensite and ferrite-martensite/austenite microconstituents was studied during continuous heating by dilatometric analysis. Austenite formation occurred in two steps：（1） carbide dissolution and precipitation and （2） transformation of residual ferrite to austenite. Dilatometric analysis was used to determine the critical temperatures of austenite formation and continuous heating transformation diagrams for heating rates ranging from 0.03°C.s^-1 to 0.67°C.s^-1. The austenite volume fraction was fitted using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation to determine the kinetic parameters k and n as functions of the heating rate. Both n and k parameters increased with increasing heat- ing rate, which suggests an increase in the nucleation and growth rates of austenite. The activation energy of austenite formation was determined by the Kissinger method. Two activation energies were associated with each of the two austenite formation steps. In the first step, the austenite growth rate was controlled by carbon diffusion from carbide dissolution and precipitation; in the second step, it was controlled by the dissolution of residual ferrite to austenite.

关键词： non-isothermal kinetics microalloyed steel austenite heating dilatometry

Active Vaccine Safety Surveillance: Global Trends and Challenges in China

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Health Data Science 2021年第1期2021卷 159-168页

作者： Zhike Liu Ruogu Meng Yu Yang Keli Li Zundong Yin Jingtian Ren Chuanyong Shen Zijian Feng Siyan Zhan department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Peking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina national Institute of Health Data Science Peking UniversityBeijingChina national immunization programme Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Center for Drug Reevaluation National Medical Products AdministrationBeijingChina

*** great success in vaccine-preventable diseases has been accompanied by vaccine safety *** has caused vaccine hesitancy to be the top 10 in threats to global *** comprehensive understanding of adverse events following immunization should be entirely based on clinical trials and postapproval *** has increasingly been recognized worldwide that the active surveillance of vaccine safety should be an essential part of immunization programs due to its complementary advantages to passive surveillance and clinical *** the present study,the framework of vaccine safety surveillance was summarized to illustrate the importance of active surveillance and address vaccine hesitancy or safety ***,the global progress of active surveillance systems was reviewed,mainly focusing on population-based or hospital-based active *** these successful paradigms,the practical and reliable ways to create robust and similar systems in China were discussed and presented from the perspective of available databases,methodology challenges,policy supports,and ethical *** the inevitable trend of the global vaccine safety ecosystem,the establishment of an active surveillance system for vaccine safety in China is urgent and *** process can be accelerated with the consensus and cooperation of regulatory departments,research institutions,and data owners.

关键词： approval entirely summarized

Compliance among infants exposed to hepatitis B virus in a post-vaccination serological testing program in four provinces in China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第4期8卷 98-98页

作者： Hui Zheng Guo-Min Zhang Po-Lin Chan Fu-Zhen Wang Lance Everett Rodewald Ning Miao Xiao-Jin Sun Zun-Dong Yin Jeffrey Edwards Hua-Qing Wang national immunization programme Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina 不详

Background:Mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV)remains the most common form of HBV infection in *** of HBV vertical transmission involves timely administration of the complete hepatitis B vaccine(HepB)series and hepatitis B ***-vaccination serological testing(PVST)is utilized to determine an infant's outcome after HBV exposure and completion of HepB *** aim to determine the frequency of compliance with a PVST testing cascade for HBV infected mothers and analyze factors associated with infant lost to follow up(LTFU).Methods:We conducted a retrospeaive cohort review of previously collected data in Fujian,Jiangxi,Zhejiang and Chongqing provinces in China from 1 June 2016-31 December *** study population included all HBV-exposed infants and their *** software was used for statistical *** and multivariate regression analyses(presented in odds ratio[OR]with 95%confidence intervals[CI])were used to compare the proportional differences of factors associated with PVST not being ***:Among enrolled 8474 target infants,40%of them transferred out of the study provinces without further information and 4988 were eligible for *** found 20%(994)of infants were not compliant with the testing cascade:55%of LTFU occurred because parents refused venous blood sample collection or failure of sample collection in the field,16%transferred out after 6 months of age,and 10%of families chose to have independent,confidential PVST completed without reporting *** PVST noncompliance rates were more likely to be from Fujian(aOR=17.0,95%CI:9.7-29.9),Zhejiang(aOR=5.7,95%Cl:3.2-10.1)and Jiangxi(aOR=1.9,95%CI:1.0-3.4),and from HBV e antigen positive mother(aOR=1.2,95%CI:1.1-1.4).Conclusions:This study found that the LTFU rate reached 20%in PVST program,which was a significant *** recommend implementing a national elearonic information system for tracking HBV at risk mother-infant pairs;enc

关键词： Post-vaccination serological testing Operational research Prevention of mother-to-child transmission Vertical transmission Loss to follow up Disease elimination