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Enhanced termination of zinc and cadmium ions from wastewater employing plain and chitosan-modified mxenes: synthesis, characterization,and adsorption performance

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 339-347页

作者： Njood R.Azeez Suhaib S.Salih Mohammed Kadhom Harith N.Mohammed Tushar K.Ghosh department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tikrit department of Environmental science College of Energy and Environmental Science Al-Karkh University of Science department of Nuclear science & Engineering Institute University of Missouri-Columbia

Zinc and cadmium pollutants cause a significant environmental effect that cannot be ignored. Due to their considerable amount in an aqueous environment, industries are seeking suitable adsorbents that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive for removing metals from wastewater before disposing of them in surface waters. This research employed original MXene(MX) and chitosan-modified MXene(CSMX) to extract zinc(Zn(Ⅱ)) and cadmium(Cd(Ⅱ)) metal ions from water-based solutions. The composite material produced was analyzed using techniques such as X-ray Diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET). The effects of contact duration, p H of the solution, and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption process of Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto both MX and CSMX composites were investigated. MX and prepared CSMX composite presented a high adsorption capacity for both studied heavy metals, which were 91.55 and 73.82 mg/g for Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto MX, 106.84 and 93.07 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) onto CSMX composite, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum competitive adsorption capacities for Zn(Ⅱ) onto MX and CSMX composites are 77.29 and 93.47 mg/g, and for are Cd(Ⅱ)60.30 and 79.66 mg/g, respectively. Hence, the removal capacities for both single and competitive metal ions were superior to CSMX composite. However, the adsorption capacities after five successive regeneration sequences were only dropped by 13.2% for Zn(Ⅱ) and 17.4% for Cd(Ⅱ) onto the CSMX composite compared to the first cycle. These results confirm that both metals could be efficiently terminated from wastewater, which makes the prepared CSMX composite a favorable candidate adsorbent in practical applications.

关键词： Adsorption Chitosan MXene Zn(II) Cd(II) Wastewater

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Effects of Ta content on microstructure and oxidation behavior of AlCoCrFeNiYTax high entropy alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4462-4475页

作者： Cang Gu Jun-Hao Hu Jian-Bo Song Cheng Xu Ming-Yu Hu Yu-Xuan Zhang Jiang Tian Chao Li Jing Feng Faculty of Materials science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology department of Physics Hong Kong Baptist University

The oxidation behavior of the Al Co Cr Fe Ni YTaxhigh entropy alloy（HEA） doped with different Ta contents at 1100 °C is investigated. In this study, different reasons for the spallation of the oxide scales of HEAs without/with excessive Ta addition after 1000 h of oxidation are discussed, and the most suitable Ta doping content for this HEA is explored, in which the HEA exhibits both an exceptionally low oxidation rate, and the formation of oxide scales composed of intact a-Al2O3. Meanwhile, it is found that the addition of Ta can effectively inhibit the phase transition of β phase, which makes the surface of the oxide scale smoother. By combining our experimental results with Wagner–Hauffe theory, the influence of Ta drag effect on oxide scale growth is explained, which provides some theoretical guidance for the subsequent design of Al Co Cr Fe Ni HEAs, and can lead to the development of thermal barrier coatings at higher service temperature.

关键词： Al2O3 scales Elements diffusion High-entropy alloy Oxidation

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Surface engineering on MnO2 nanorods by La single atoms to accelerate oxygen reduction kinetics

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4302-4311页

作者： Zhang-Long He Liu-Qi Wang Min Jiang Jia-Nan Xie Shan Liu Jin-Can Ren Rui Sun Wen-Bin Lv Wei-Bin Guo Yu-Ling Liu Bing Li Qi Liu Hao He School of Materials science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology School of Materials science and Engineering NanjingUniversity of Science and Technology School of Materials science and Engineering Shanghai JiaoTong University department of Physics City University of Hong Kong

Surface engineering,which modulates the electronic structure and adsorption/desorption properties of electrocatalysts,is one of the key strategies for improving the catalytic ***,we demonstrate a facile solid-phase reaction for surface engineering of MnO2to boost the oxygen reduction *** reaction with surface hydroxy groups,La single atoms with loading amount up to 2.7 wt%are anchored onto *** surface engineering,the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） kinetics is significantly improved with the half-wave potential from 0.70 to 0.84 V,the number of transferred electrons from 2.5 to 3.9 and the limiting current density from 4.8 to 6.0 mA·*** addition,the catalyst delivers superior discharge performance in both alkaline and neutral metal–air *** functional theory （DFT） calculations reveal that atomic La modulates the surface electronic configuration of MnO2,reduces its d-band center and thus lowers the OOH*and O*reaction energy *** work provides a new route for rational design of highly active electrocatalyst and holds great potential for application in various catalytic reactions.

关键词： Electron injection Metal–air batteries Oxygen reduction reaction Single atoms Surface engineering

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Identification of time-varying system and energy-based optimization of adaptive control in seismically excited structure

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 227-240页

作者： Elham Aghabarari Fereidoun Amini Pedram Ghaderi department of Civil Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehran 16844Iran

The combination of structural health monitoring and vibration control is of great importance to provide components of smart *** synthetic algorithms have been proposed,adaptive control that is compatible with changing conditions still needs to be used,and time-varying systems are required to be simultaneously estimated with the application of adaptive *** this research,the identification of structural time-varying dynamic characteristics and optimized simple adaptive control are ***,reduced variations of physical parameters are estimated online using the multiple forgetting factor recursive least squares(MFRLS)***,the energy from the structural vibration is simultaneously specified to optimize the control force with the identified parameters to be *** is also performed based on the probability density function of the energy under the seismic excitation at any ***,the optimal control force is obtained by the simple adaptive control(SAC)algorithm and energy coefficient.A numerical example and benchmark structure are employed to investigate the efficiency of the proposed *** simulation results revealed the effectiveness of the integrated online identification and optimal adaptive control in systems.

关键词： integrated online identification time-varying systems structural energy multiple forgetting factor recursive least squares optimal simple adaptive control algorithm

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Aberration correction for deformable-mirror-based remote focusing enables high-accuracy whole-cell super-resolution imaging

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 821-832页

作者： WEI SHI YINGCHUAN HE JIANLIN WANG LULU ZHOU JIANWEI CHEN LIWEI ZHOU ZEYU XI ZHEN WANG KE FANG YIMING LI department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM)enables three-dimensional(3D)investigation of nanoscale structures in biological samples,offering unique insights into their ***,traditional 3D super-resolution microscopy using high numerical aperture(NA)objectives is limited by imaging depth of field(DOF),restricting their practical application to relatively thin biological ***,we developed a unified solution for thick sample super-resolution imaging using a deformable mirror(DM)which served for fast remote focusing,optimized point spread function(PSF)engineering,and accurate aberration *** effectively correcting the system aberrations introduced during remote focusing and sample aberrations at different imaging depths,we achieved high-accuracy,large DOF imaging(~8μm)of the whole-cell organelles[i.e.,nuclear pore complex(NPC),microtubules,and mitochondria]with a nearly uniform resolution of approximately 35 nm across the entire cellular volume.

关键词： enable mirror resolution

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Cold plasma-induced effects on electromagnetic wave scattering in waveguides:a mode-matching analysis

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 144-156页

作者： Shahana Rizvi Muhammad Afzal department of Mathematics Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

This article presents advancements in an analytical mode-matching technique for studying electromagnetic wave propagation in a parallel-plate metallic rectangular *** technique involves projecting the solution onto basis functions and solving linear algebraic systems to determine scattering *** accuracy of this method is validated via numerical assessments,which involve the reconstruction of matching conditions and conservation *** study highlights the impact of geometric and material variations on reflection and transmission phenomena in the waveguide.

关键词： electromagnetic waves scattering cold plasma metallic conducting mode-matching technique

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Nonlinear interaction of head-on solitary waves in integrable and nonintegrable systems

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 480-487页

作者：张树甜刘世鲲矫滕菲孙敏胡凤兰黄德财 department of Applied Physics Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

This study numerically investigates the nonlinear interaction of head-on solitary waves in a granular chain(a nonintegrable system)and compares the simulation results with the theoretical results in fluid(an integrable system).Three stages(the pre-in-phase traveling stage,the central-collision stage,and the post-in-phase traveling stage)are identified to describe the nonlinear interaction processes in the granular *** nonlinear scattering effect occurs in the central-collision stage,which decreases the amplitude of the incident solitary *** with the leading-time phase in the incident and separation collision processes,the lagging-time phase in the separation collision process is *** asymmetrical nonlinear collision results in an occurrence of leading phase shifts of time and space in the post-in-phase traveling *** next find that the solitary wave amplitude does not influence the immediate space-phase shift in the granular *** space-phase shift of the post-in-phase traveling stage is only determined by the measurement position rather than the wave *** results are reversed in the *** increase in solitary wave amplitude leads to decreased attachment,detachment,and residence times for granular chains and *** the immediate time-phase shift,leading and lagging phenomena appear in the granular chain and the fluid,*** results offer new knowledge for designing mechanical metamaterials and energy-mitigating systems.

关键词： integrable system nonintegrable system granular chain solitary wave

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Dissolution mechanism and kinetics ofβ(Mg_(17)Al_(12))phases in AZ91 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1581-1592页

作者： Sultan Alomairy department of Physics College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif 21944Saudi Arabia

In this study,the phase transformations,crystallization kinetics and dissolution mechanism ofβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))in magnesium alloy AZ91 were investigated by optical microscopy,X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry and differential *** results indicate that this AZ91 alloy undergoes a phase transformation during aging,a discontinuous precipitation of theβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))at 150℃at the grain boundaries and another continuous at 350℃within the *** activation energy of the dissolution reaction of theβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))under non-isothermal conditions is 116.781 kJ/mol,while it is 129.7383 kJ/mol under isothermal *** Avrami coefficient,n,relevant for the dissolution kinetics of theβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))is 1.152 and 1.211 in the non-isothermal and isothermal conditions *** numerical coefficients m and Avrami n are 0.993 and 1.152.

关键词： AZ91 kinetics β(Mg_(17)Al_(12)) Activation energy Discontinuous precipitation Continuous precipitation DSC

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Facile synthesis of transition metal complexes with five coplanar metal-carbon σ-bonds

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National science Review 2024年第4期11卷 11-12页

作者： Guocheng Jia department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Carbon is one of the most important elements in chemistry, forming a vast number of organic compounds. It can also form a variety of organometallic compounds with a metal–carbon bond. Metal alkyl, carbene and carbyne complexes are classical examples of organometallic compounds. A particularly interesting class of organometallic compounds are all-carbon metallacycles formed by combination of a metal and a hydrocarbon chain serving as a chelating agent with only carbon atoms as the donor atoms. Many interesting monocyclic metallacycles made of a chelating bidentate hydrocarbon chain are known, for example, metallacyclobutadienes, metallacyclopentadienes and metallabenzenes[1].

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Omnidirectional color wavelength tuning of stretchable chiral liquid crystal elastomers

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1062-1074页

作者： Seungmin Nam Wontae Jung Jun Hyuk Shin Su Seok Choi department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangKorea

Wavelength-tunable structural colors using stimuli-responsive materials,such as chiral liquid crystals(CLCs),have attracted increasing attention owing to their high functionality in various tunable photonic ***,on-demand omnidirectional wavelength control is highly desirable from the perspective of wavelength-tuning ***,despite numerous previous research efforts on tunable CLC structural colors,only mono-directional wavelength tuning toward shorter wavelengths has been employed in most studies to *** this study,we report the ideally desired omnidirectional wavelength control toward longer and shorter wavelengths with significantly improved tunability over a broadband wavelength *** using areal expanding and contractive strain control of dielectric elastomer actuators(DEAs)with chiral liquid crystal elastomers(CLCEs),simultaneous and omnidirectional structural color-tuning control was *** breakthrough in omnidirectional wavelength control enhances the achievable tuning freedom and versatility,making it applicable to a broad range of high-functional photonic applications.

关键词： tuning tunable directional

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