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Maternal supply of methionine during late-pregnancy enhances rate of Holstein calf development in utero and postnatal growth to a greater extent than colostrum source

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 103-114页

作者： Abdulrahman S.Alharthi Fernanda Batistel Mohamed K.Abdelmegeid Gustavo Lascano Claudia Parys Ariane Helmbrecht Erminio Trevisi Juan J.Loor Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois department of Animal Dairy and Veterinary SciencesUtah State University department of Animal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKafrelsheikh University department of Animal and veterinary Science Clemson University Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH department of Animal Sciences Food and Nutrition Faculty of AgricultureFood and Environmental ScienceUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

Background: Pregnancy and early life are critical periods of plasticity during which the fetus and neonate may be influenced by environmental factors such as *** methionine(Met) supply in non-ruminants during pregnancy can affect offspring development and ***,the objective of this study was to investigate if increasing Met supply during late-pregnancy affects developmental parameters of the calf at birth and if either maternal Met or colostrum from Met-fed cows alters calf *** born to Holstein cows individually-fed a basal control [CON; 1.47 Mcal/kg dry matter(DM) and 15.3% crude protein] diet with no added Met or CON plus ethylcellulose rumen-protected Met(MET; Mepron? at 0.09% of diet DM; Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH,Germany)during the last 28 ± 2 d of pregnancy were used.A total of 39 calves were in CON(n = 22 bulls,17 heifers) and 42 in MET(n = 20 bulls,22 heifers).At birth,calves were randomly allocated considering dam treatment and colostrum as fol ows: 1) calves from CON cows and colostrum from CON cows(n = 21); 2) calves from CON cows and colostrum from MET cows(n = 18); 3) calves from MET cows and colostrum from MET cows(n = 22); and 4) calves from MET cows and colostrum from CON cows(n = 20).Al calves were housed,managed,and fed individual y during the first 9 wk of ***: Despite greater daily DM intake pre-partum in cows fed MET(15.7 vs.14.4 ± 0.12 kg/d,P < 0.05),colostrum quality and quantity were not affected by maternal *** birth,MET calves had greater(P ≤ 0.05) body weight(BW,44.1 vs.42.1 ± 0.70 kg),hip height(HH,81.3 vs.79.6 ± 0.53 cm) and wither height(WH,77.8 vs.75.9 ± 0.47 cm).In contrast,concentrations of His,Lys,and Asn in plasma were lower(P ≤ 0.05) in MET *** of colostrum source,the greater BW,HH,and WH in MET calves at birth persisted through 9 wk of age resulting in average responses of + 3.1 kg BW,+ 1.9 cm HH,and + 1.8 cm WH compared with *** daily gain during the 9 wk was(P

关键词： Epigenetics Metabolism Methyl donors Nutritional programming

IL-33: a jack of all trades in the orchestration of respiratory antibacterial immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第11期14卷 875-877页

作者： Julia D Boehme Dunja Bruder Infection Immunology Group Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneOtto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany Immune Regulation Group Department of Immune ControlHelmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany

Influenza A virus(IAV)is the causative agent of mostly mild to moderate seasonal respiratory infections and several pandemic outbreaks,the most recent of which was reported in *** IAV pandemics were associated with an enormous death toll;for example,the 1918 H1N1 pandemic affected hundreds of millions of people globally and resulted in~50 million deaths.1 Microbiologic analyses of patient samples revealed a strong incidence of bacterial pathogens in fatal complications of viral infection.2 To date,many pieces of epidemiologic and experimental evidence reveal pronounced susceptibility to detrimental bacterial superinfection in IAVinfected individuals.

关键词： immunity respiratory hundreds

Isolation and Partial Evaluation of a Potential Indigenous Yeast Strain <i>Pichia kudriavzevii</i>from a Traditional Rice Beer—“Gora” Prepared by the Koloi Tribes of Tripura

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Advances in microbiology 2019年第9期9卷 824-841页

作者： Sushanta Ghosh Surajit De Mandal Nandita Nath David L. Kaipeng Lovely Rahaman Senthil Kumar Nachimuthu Bipin Kumar Sharma department of microbiology Tripura University Suryamaninagar India department of Biotechnology Mizoram University Aizawl India

As per tradition from hundreds of years the Koloi tribes of Tripura are preparing “Gora”-therice based fermented beer which is very good in taste and aroma applying their traditional indigenous brewing techniques. In this study, an attempt has been made to identify the indigenous yeast which is the main causative agent for fermentation and to investigate its fermentation ability with an industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiaes train. After investigation based on culture dependent phenotypic characteristics like-staining and biochemical characterization, primarily the responsible yeast species was determined as Pichia kudriavzevii and further confirmed followed by 18S rRNA ribotyping and the sequences was deposited at Gene bank and NCBI bearing specific accession number. In the comparative analysis, it has been found a significant similarities in all aspects of nutritional and alcohol percentages with the industrial strain in laboratory condition. The alcohol percentage in the rice beer “Gora” measured 6.40 ± 0.008% v/v. The study may be the first scientific investigation of its kind about this indigenous yeast strain isolated from “Gora” of this Indo-Burma biodiversity region and may provide sufficient background and potentiality for promoting these kinds of indigenous alcoholic beverages for small scale commercialization to strengthen the rural livelihood as well as to maintain immaterial cultural heritage.

关键词： Beer Yeast Fermentation 18S rRNA

Bioinformatic analysis of the ssc-miR-146b upstream promoter region

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第4期1卷 368-372页

作者： Xin Tao Xiaoming Men Ziwei Xu Institute of Animal Husbandry and veterinary Science Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Sus Scrofa microRNA-146b-5p(ssc-miR-146b) was found to be one of differentially expressional microRNAs(miRNA) in our previous study. Not only it is highly expressed but also it maintains the largest up-regulated differences on the expressional level at different time points in the small intestinal mucosa of weaned piglets. To further explore the regulation mechanism of microRNA-146b-5 p(miR-146b)during the stressful progress in weaned piglets, the present study predicted the functions of the ssc-miR-146b upstream promoter region using biological analysis. The analytical results showed that ssc-miR-146b is an intergenic miRNA. The length of the promoter region of ssc-miR-146b was predicted to be2,249 bp using the Ensemble database. The length of the CpG island in the ssc-miR-146b promoter region was found to be 167 bp and it was located from 464 to 630 bp. Twenty six binding sites of 9 transcription factors in the upstream promoter region, including the sites of genes such as Spl, AP-1, MyoD, GATA etc,were discovered using different kinds of analytical software. The predictions of the CpG island and transcription factor binding sites provided significant information for further studying the transcriptional regulation mechanism of ssc-miR-146b on the small intestinal injury due to weaning stress.

关键词： microRNA-146b-5p Bioinformatic analysis Promoter Swine Intestine

Characterization and Optimization of Amylase Producing Bacteria Isolated from Solid Waste

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第6期4卷 647-652页

作者： Amalesh Samanta Debmalya Mitra Sudipendra Nath Roy Chandrima Sinha Pinaki Pal Division of microbiology Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur University Kolkata India

Municipal waste is one of the most hazardous components of developing countries. However, enzymes do provide an eco-friendly solution in this case. Amylase is an important enzyme in food, textile and pharmaceutical industry and can be used for bioconversion of waste. From the municipal solid waste we have isolated an amylase producing bacteria that can grow in the irritant municipal waste and help in their bio conversation. The bacteria were identified as Cronobacter sakazakii Jor52 (C2). The optimized media for maximum amylase production after 24 h of incubation, contains 2% starch, 0.6% peptone, 0.01% CaCl2, 0.05% KCl, 0.05% MgSO4 and 0.05% K2HPO4. The crude enzyme activity and stability study revealed that the amylase is stable within the pH 6 - 8 and temperature 30°C - 40°C and give maximum activity at 37°C at pH-8.

关键词： Amylase Microbial Enzymes Municipal Waste 16S rDNA Sequencing Cronobacter sakazakii

Association of Phenotypic and Genotypic Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility among Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates from Jeddah, KSA

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第4期4卷 100-109页

作者： Ruaa A. Lahzah Asho Ali department of Biology Section Microbiology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

Non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS) infects 250 to 3200 per 100,000 individuals from all over the world. NTS infection is relatively high in Jeddah (ranges between 44-132/100,000 population) as compared to other cities of Saudi Arabia. NTS isolates have also shown increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics. Therefore, fluoroquinolone (FQ) is considered drug of choice for the treatment of invasive NTS infections. A rapid detection of FQ resistance may greatly assist in appropriate therapy and containment of resistant NTS strains. Thus, molecular detection of mutations in FQ resistance genes (gyrA and parC) may play a promising role. Since limited data were available about FQ resistance among NTS isolates, therefore, this study primarily explored the occurrence of phenotypic and genotypic FQ resistance among NTS isolates from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Study also explored any correlation between phenotypic and genotypic FQ resistance. Fifty NTS isolates were collected from a public sector hospital of Jeddah from January to December, 2014. FQ susceptibility was determined for 48 NTS isolates using Kirby-bauer disk diffusion method and results were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) methodology. Genotypic resistance to FQ was determined by exploring mutations in gyrA and parC genes using PCR- based gene-sequencing method. Results were statistically analyzed using Social Package of Statistical Science (SPSS) version 22. Phenotypic antibiogram revealed that 38% (18/48) NTS isolates were FQ resistant, that 23% (11/48) were intermediately susceptible and that 39% (19/48) were susceptible. Genotypic resistance revealed mutations in only four codons of gyrA and parC genes among 39% (7/18) of FQ resistant isolates. 43% (3/7) of FQ resistant isolates showed mutations at two codons 83 (S83F, S83Y) and 87, (D87G, D87Y, D87W) of gyrA gene. Two resistant isolates showed triple mutations i.e. at codons 83 and 87 of gyrA and codon 80 (S80I and S80W

关键词： Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Infection Fluoroquinolone Drug Resistance gyrA and parC Genes

The Dog as a Risk Factor in Transmission of Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Review

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2012年第2期2卷 37-47页

作者： Francisco Assis Lima Costa department of Clinical veterinary Medicine and Surgery Federal University of Piaui Teresina Brazil

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a serious public health problem in Brazil and worldwide. Despite the euthanasia of dogs serologically positive, such action has not solved the endemic in Brazil. A risk area for VL involves the presence of the vector, the occurrence of canines and the record of human cases. The factors that have favored the persistence and spread of VL in Brazil are related to the predatory action of man on the environment, to the migratory movements and rural exodus, and a close coexistence of man and animals. Thus considering the epidemiological chain of VL, one fact seems clear: we do not know yet the true extent of the participation of the dog in the infectious cycle of VL. The clinical disease is an important indicator of the extent of the problem in an endemic area. The immunological events are complex and involve resistance and susceptibility to canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). One aspect in CVL is that many symptomatic dogs underwent xenodiagnosis not infect the vector. In such cases the pattern recognition receptors CD11b+, TLR2+, and NO present higher values for dogs with results in immunohistochemistry of skin and xenodiagnosis negative (IMH-/XENO-) than dogs with immunohistochemistry in skin and xenodiagnosis positive (IMH+/XENO+), suggesting that innate immunity modulates the competence of the dog to infect the vector. The organic response in CVL varies from individual to individual and within the same individual, with a strong evidence of being organ-specific. Only 20% of asymptomatic dogs have parasites in the skin and 15% are able to recover from clinical signs and eliminate the parasites spontaneously. In this review, we analyze the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis and clinical, immunological and pathological conditions that can contribute to understanding the role of dogs in transmission of visceral leishmaniasis.

关键词： Visceral Leishmaniasis Dog Epidemiology Pathology

Endocrine disruptors and falling sperm counts： lessons learned or not!

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 191-194,I0005页

作者： Stephen Safe department of veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-4466 USA Institute of Biosciences and Technology Texas A&M Health Science Center Houston TX 77030 USA

In summary, it has become evident that multiple factors can affect sperm counts and quality. Most reports indicate that there has not been a worldwide decrease in sperm counts over the past 20 or 50 years, and the validity of the endocrine disruptor hypothesis or testicular dysgenesis syndrome with respect to sperm counts is highly questionable.

关键词： ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS BREAST-CANCER CELLS BODY-MASS INDEX SEMEN QUALITY HUMAN HEALTH DIFFERENTIAL ACTIVATION DIBENZOFURANS PCDFS ADVERSE TRENDS

Topical Moltkia coerulea hydroethanolic extract accelerates the repair of excision wound in a rat model

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第2期19卷 97-103页

作者： Mohammad Reza Farahpour Aydin Dilmaghanian Maisam Faridy Esmaeil Karashi department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Urmia Branch Islamic Azad University Urmia Iran department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran 14155-6453 Iran Faculty of veterinary Medicine Urmia Branch Islamic Azad University Urmia Iran

Purpose： To evaluate the effect of a hydroethanolic extract of Moltkia coerulea ointment （MCO） on the healing of excision wound in a rat model. Methods： Circular surgical full thickness excision wound, with 314 mm2 size, was induced in the anterior-dorsal side of each rat. Three different doses of MCO （1%, 3% and 6%） were administrated. On Day 3, 7, 14 and 21, the tissue was sampled and immune cells, fibroblasts and fibrocytes distribution per one mm2 of wound area, collagen density and re-epithelialization were analyzed. Moreover, the total flavnoid, phenols and anti-oxidant potential of the MCO were evaluated. Ultimately, the percentage of wound contraction in different groups was compared with each other. Results： Hydroethanolic extract of MCO significantly （p 〈 0.05） increased wound contraction percentage. The animals in medium and high dose MCO-treated groups exhibited remarkably （p 〈 0.05） higher fibroblast and fibrocyte distribution and signifcantly （p 〈 0.05） lower immune cells infiltration. On Day 7 after injury, MCO up-regulated neovascularization in a dose-dependent way. Conclusion： Our data showed that MCO shortened the inflammation phase by provoking the fibroblast proliferation. Moreover, MCO promoted the healing process by up-regulating the angiogenesis and provoking the structural cells proliferation as well as increasing the collagen synthesis, cross-linking, and deposition.

关键词： Moltkia coeruleaExcision wound healingCollagen synthesisAnti-oxidantRats