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Satellite-based Studies on Large-Scale vegetation Changes in China

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第10期54卷 713-728页

作者： Xia Zhao Daojing Zhou Jingyun Fang State Key Laboratory of vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093 China department of ecology College of Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Beijing 100871 China

Remotely-sensed vegetation indices, which indicate the density and photosynthetic capacity of vegetation, have been widely used to monitor vegetation dynamics over broad areas. In this paper, we reviewed satellite-based studies on vegetation cover changes, biomass and productivity variations, phenological dynamics, desertification, and grassland degradation in China that occurred over the past 2-3 decades. Our review shows that the satellite-derived index （Normalized Difference vegetation Index, NDVI） during growing season and the vegetation net primary productivity in major terrestrial ecosystems （for example forests, grasslands, shrubs, and croplands） have significantly increased, while the number of fresh lakes and vegetation coverage in urban regions have experienced a substantial decline. The start of the growing season continually advanced in China＇s temperate regions until the 1990s, with a large spatial heterogeneity. We also found that the coverage of sparsely-vegetated areas declined, and the NDVI per unit in vegetated areas increased in arid and semi-arid regions because of increased vegetation activity in grassland and oasis areas. However, these results depend strongly not only on the periods chosen for investigation, but also on factors such as data sources, changes in detection methods, and geospatial heterogeneity. Therefore, we should be cautious when applying remote sensing techniques to monitor vegetation structures, functions, and changes.

关键词： Normalized Difference vegetation Index (NDVI) phenology remote sensing vegetation coverage vegetation degradation vegetation productivity

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Grassland ecology in China: perspectives and challenges

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018年第1期5卷 24-43页

作者： Deli WANG Ling WANG Jushan LIU Hui ZHU Zhiwei ZHONG Key Laboratory of vegetation ecology/Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration School of Environment/Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal University

During the last few decades, there have been an increasing number of studies on grassland ecology in China, involving the classic ecology concepts or theories and the applicable ecological principles of grassland conservation or management. This paper reviews the main progress in the following aspects.(1) Research on grassland species adaptation and resistance, population dynamics and foraging behavior, and biodiversity and community stability.(2) Research on managed grassland ecosystems(grassland grazing ecology) including grazing effects on grassland ecosystem function and foraging behavior by large herbivores.(3) Global climate change and grassland processes and functioning.(4) Applied research on grassland restoration and ecosystem health assessments such as vegetation restoration, restoration of ecosystem functioning, and assessment methods. There have been significant advances in grassland ecology,including the functions of ecosystem biodiversity, the ecological stoichiometry mechanisms affecting grassland community stability, grazing regulation of plant diversity and nutrient cycling. Grassland ecologists have succeeded in making these advances through observational, experimental and theoretical studies. Nevertheless, there are still significant challenges for the grassland ecology research,including understanding of grassland spatial processes,grassland grazing and multi-functionality, integrated effects of global climate change across grassland areas,as well as the ecological methodology and experimental techniques in grassland ecology.

关键词： biodiversity climate change China grazing meadow restoration steppe

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Patterns and causes of geographic variation in bat echolocation pulses

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第3期10卷 241-256页

作者： Tinglei JIANG Hui WU Jiang FENG Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Key Laboratory for Wetland ecology and vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina

Evolutionary biologists have a long-standing interest in how acoustic signals in animals vary geographically,because divergent ecology and sensory perception play an important role in *** comparisons are valuable in determining the factors that influence divergence of acoustic *** are social mammals and they depend mainly on echolocation pulses to locate prey,to navigate and to *** evidence shows that geographic variation of bat echolocation pulses is common,with a mean 5-10 kHz differences in peak frequency,and a high level of individual variation may be nested in this geographical ***,understanding the geographic variation of echolocation pulses in bats is very difficult,because of differences in sample and statistical analysis techniques as well as the variety of factors shaping the vocal geographic *** differences in echolocation pulses of bats generally lack latitudinal,longitudinal and elevational patterns,and little is known about vocal *** is accumulating to support the fact that geographic variation in echolocation pulses of bats may be caused by genetic drift,cultural drift,ecological selection,sexual selection and social *** studies could relate geographic differences in echolocation pulses to social adaptation,vocal learning strategies and patterns of *** addition,new statistical techniques and acoustic playback experiments may help to illustrate the causes and consequences of the geographic evolution of echolocation pulse in bats.

关键词： Chiroptera drift echolocation geographic evolution selection

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Response to seasonal change of insect resources in Changbai Mountain temperate forests by Greater Horseshoe bats

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第22期55卷 2410-2415页

作者： WANG Jing METZNER Walter ZHU Xu WANG XinHua FENG Jiang Key Laboratory for Wetland ecology and vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection Northeast Normal University Chang chun 130024 China Key Laboratory of vegetation ecology of the Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China University of California Box 951606 Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA College of Zoological Sciences and Technology Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China

Knowing how bats select different habitats in response to environmental changes provides a framework for anticipating the likely consequences of changes in climate or vegetation. In this study we assessed the presence of greater horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) and their foraging behavior. This study depicts an effective approach for seasonal responses of habitat selection by Chiroptera.

关键词：森林昆虫资源大蹄蝠季节变化长白山栖息地选择温带环境变化觅食行为

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Neutral responses of plant community Ca concentration to nitrogen enrichment in a semiarid grassland

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Journal of Plant ecology 2022年第2期15卷 286-293页

作者： Shuang-Li Hou Xiao-Tao Lü Jun-Jie Yang Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China State Key Laboratory of vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Calcium(Ca)is an essential nutrient for plant growth and Ca concentrations in forage have important implications for ruminant diet and *** remains an open question whether forage Ca concentration would be decreased by increasing nitrogen(N)*** manipulated the increasing rates of N addition(2008–2015)in a semiarid grassland,northern *** Ca concentrations for all species were examined in each plot under N *** Ca concentrations at functional group and community levels were calculated based on the concentration of each species presented and their relative biomass in each *** found that community-level Ca concentration remained stable across a gradient of wide-ranged N addition rates,although Ca concentration at both species and functional group levels showed negative responses to N *** that forbs had higher Ca concentration than grasses,the increasing relative biomass of forbs canceled out the negative responses of species-level and functional group-level Ca *** results further showed that community Ca pool showed a positive but saturating response to N addition,with a threshold at the rate of 10 g N m^(−2)yr^(−1).Our findings highlight the role of changes in plant relative biomass in controlling the responses of forage Ca concentration and stock to N enrichment.

关键词： calcium stock community composition ecological processes global changes nitrogen deposition temperate steppe

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The contribution of root respiration to soil CO_2 efflux in Puccinellia tenuiflora dominated community in a semi-arid meadow steppe

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第6期51卷 697-703页

作者： WANG Wei GUO Jixun School of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China Key Laboratory for vegetation ecology of the Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China

In this study, the linear regression between soil respiration rate and root biomass was adopted to estimate the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration in Puccinellia tenuiftora dominated community of a semi-arid meadow steppe in northeast China. The soil respiration rate reached the maximum value 2.45 μmol m-2·s-1 in late June and the minimum value 0.39 μmol m-2· s-1 in late September. Soil temperature is the major environmental factor controlling the seasonal variation of soil respiration. The root biomass ranged from 0.54 to 0.97 kg m-2, showing insignificant seasonal variation. Microbial biomass C reached the maximum value 0.50 g m-2 in mid August, presenting the least within-site variation. The pattern of seasonal change in root respiration rate was different from that in microbial respiration. Root respiration rate ranged from 0.19 μmol m-2·s-1 in May, to the maximum value 1.39 μmol m·2s-1 in late June, then down to 0.28 μmol m-2·s-1 in late September; whereas, microbial respiration rate ranged from 0.61 μmol m-2·s-1 in May, to the maximum value 1.27 μmol m-2·s-1 in July, then down to 0.11 μmol m-2·s-1 in late September. There was a significant exponential correlation between microbial respiration rate and soil temperature, whereas not so for root respiration rate. We estimated that the contribution of root respiration tototal soil respiration ranged within 24% -57% in spring and summer, and increased to 73% in autumn.

关键词：半干旱草甸草原根呼吸作用微生物量二氧化碳土壤

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Seasonal Variation and Correlation with Environmental Factors of Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency of Juglans regia and Ziziphus jujuba

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第2期50卷 210-220页

作者： Hai-Bo Yang Shu-Qing An Osbert-Jianxin Sun Zuo-Min Shi Xin-Song She Qing-Ye Sun Shi-Rong Liu Laboratory of Forest ecology and Global Changes School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Laboratory of Quantitative vegetation ecology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Institute of Forest ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China department of Resources and Environment Huangshan University Huangshan 245021 China School of Life Sciences Anhui University Hefei 230039 China

Both the photosynthetic light curves and CO2 curves of Juglans regia L. and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa in three seasons were measured using a LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The maximal net photosynthetic rate （Amax）, apparent quantum efficiency（φ）, maximal carboxylation rate （Vcmax） and water use efficiency （WUE） of the two species were calculated based on the curves. The results showed that Amax of J. regia reached its maximum at the late-season, while the highest values of Amax of Z. jujuba occurred at the mid-season. The Amax of J. regia was more affected by relative humidity （RH） of the atmosphere, while that of Z. jujuba was more affected by the air temperature. Light saturation point （LSP） and Light compensation point （LCP） of J. regia had a higher correlation with RH of the atmosphere, those of Z. jujuba, however, had a higher correlation with air temperature. Vcmax of both J. regia and Z. jujuba had negative correlation with RH of the atmosphere. WUE of J. regia would decrease with the rise of the air temperature while that of Z. jujuba increased. Thus it could be seen that RH, temperature and soil moisture had main effect on photosynthesis and WUE of J. regia and Z. jujuba. Incorporating data on the physiological differences among tree species into forest carbon models will greatly improve our ability to predict alterations to the forest carbon budgets under various environmental scenarios such as global climate change, or with differing species composition.

关键词： apparent quantum efficiency (φ) maximal carboxylation rate (Vcrnax) net photosynthetic rate (Pn) returning cropland to forest or grassland seasonal variation water use efficiency (WUE).

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Quantitative relationships between vegetation and several pollen taxa in surface soil from North China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第16期45卷 1519-1523页

作者： LI Yiyin, ZHANG Xinshi & ZHOU Guangsheng1. department of Urbon and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2. Laboratory of Quantitative vegetation ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China 3. School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China Correspondence should be addressed to Li Yiyin department of Urbon and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing China School of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun China Laboratory of Quantitative vegetation ecology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

According to the vegetation investigation and pollen analysis of surface samples sampled along a precipitation gradient of the Northeast China Transect (NECT), several pollen taxa, including Pinus, Betula, Quercus, Tilia, Acer, Ulmus, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Gramineae and Cyperaceae, were chosen to make the regression and correlation analyses. The results indicated that there exists a close relationship between vegetation and pollen taxa in surface samples. The regression parameters for ten taxa in the forests in the eastern part of NECT were different from those in the steppes in the western part. Pinus, Betula, Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae, which have large slope and y-intercept terms, were over-representative taxa. Acer, Gramineae and Cyperaceae, which have small slope and y-intercept terms, were under-representative taxa. Quercus, Tilia and Ulmus whose slope terms have negative correlation with y-intercept terms were equi-representative taxa. The pollen taxa with large slope or large y-intercept

关键词： pollen taxa in surface soil vegetation regression parameters (slope term and y-intercept term) representation Northeast China Transect (NECT).

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Application of stable isotope techniques to the study of soil salinization

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Journal of Arid Land 2011年第4期3卷 285-291页

作者： YongQin CUI JianYing MA Wei SUN Dunhuang Gobi and Desert ecology and Environment Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute CAS Lanzhou 730000 China Key Laboratory of vegetation ecology Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China

In this paper,we reviewed the progress in the application of stable isotope techniques to the study of soil *** a powerful technique,stable isotopes have been widely used in the studies of soil water evaporation,the dynamics of soil salinization and salt-tolerant plant *** impact of single environmental factors on plant isotope composition has been the focus of previous ***,the impact of multiple environmental factors on plant isotope composition remains unclear and needs to be carefully *** order to gain insights into soil salinization and amelioration,especially soil salinization in arid and semiarid areas,it is essential to employ stable isotope techniques and combine them with other methods,such as located field observation and remote sensing technology.

关键词： stable isotope soil water evaporation soil salinization dynamic salt-tolerant plants breeding

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No evidence for a genetic association between female mating preference and male secondary sexual trait in a Lake Victoria cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 57-64页

作者： Inke van der SLUIJS Ole SEEHAUSEN Tom J.M.Van DOOREN Jacques J.M.van ALPHEN department of Animal ecology Institute of Biology Leiden University department of Biology McGill University Institute of ecology and Evolution University of Bern department of Fish ecology & Evolution Centre of Ecology Eawag Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and TechnologyEvolution & Biogeochemistry

Sexual selection by female mating preference for male nuptial coloration has been suggested as a driving force in the rapid speciation of Lake Victoria cichlid fish. This process could have been facilitated or accelerated by genetic associations between female preference loci and male coloration loci. Preferences, as well as coloration, are heritable traits and are probably determined by more than one gene. However, little is known about potential genetic associations between these traits. In turbid water, we found a population that is variable in male nuptial coloration from blue to yellow to red. Males at the extreme ends of the phenotype distribution resemble a reproductively isolated species pair in clear water that has diverged into one species with blue-grey males and one species with bright red males. Females of the turbid water population vary in mating preference coinciding with the male phenotype distribution. For the current study, these females were mated to blue males. We measured the coloration of the sires and male offspring. Parents-offspring regression showed that the sires did not affect male offspring coloration, which confirms earlier findings that the blue species breeds true. In contrast, male offspring coloration was determined by the identity of the dams, which suggests that there is heritable variation in male color genes between females. However, we found that mating preferences of the dams were not correlated with male offspring coloration. Thus, there is no evidence for strong genetic linkage between mating preference and the preferred trait in this population [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 57-64 2010].

关键词： Speciation Sexual selection Mate choice Genetic association Cichlid fish Lake Victoria

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