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Analysis of the Physical State and Operation of Hydraulic Infrastructure in the Konni Irrigated Area before Rehabilitation

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 127-136页

作者： Aboubacar Yerima Bako Djibo Illa Salifou Guero Yadji department of vegetal production and Irrigation University of Djibo Hamani of Tahoua Tahoua Niger Radio Isotopes Institute Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger department of Soil Dynamics Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger

In Niger, irrigated agriculture constitutes the main alternative for meeting family needs. It is within this framework that the state and its partners have adopted strategies to promote irrigated production sites. This study was carried out on the Konni irrigated perimeter, the objective of which is to analyze the physical state of hydraulic infrastructures and their operation before the rehabilitation of the said perimeter. The methodology adopted consisted, first of all, of documentary research focused on data relating to this scope and our theme to properly guide the collection of data in the field. The field phase was then followed with an observation of hydraulic infrastructures one by one in order to assess their condition. Thus, the collected data was processed and analyzed. The results of this study show a notable deterioration of hydraulic infrastructure which affected the operating yield of the study area, with the development of barely 700 ha out of 1226 ha planned by the basic study for off-season production (57%). Bathymetric measurements showed that the volume of sediment that accumulated in the Zongo Dam is 1.2 million m3, which reduces its initial capacity from 12 million m3 to 10.8 million m3 after 43 years of service. The expansion joints of the feed canal are all in poor condition. 90% of the total length of the tertiary canals are degraded, 82.32% of the panels of the main canal C are degraded and 17.68% are cracked. All crossing structures are blocked between the RN1 and the Zongo dam. Based on this critical situation, it would be essential to consider rehabilitation work on all infrastructure in order to restore the hydraulic and even agronomic performance of the Konni irrigated area.

关键词： Irrigated Area Dams Rehabilitation Work Monitoring Distribution Network Konni

Automatic and Rapid Throughflow-Based Optimal Design Method for Multi-Stage Axial-Flow Compressors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 77-91页

作者： LEI Fan ZHANG Xiawen JU Yaping ZHANG Chuhua department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China production and Environmental department China Huaneng Group.Co.Ltd.Beijing 100031China

Throughflow design has the advantages of less time consumption and large optimization space,and thus is the corner stone of advanced design system of multi-stage axial-flow *** majority of relevant studies were limited to the throughflow inverse designs,and quite few works have been till now devoted to the throughflow optimal *** this work,an automatic and rapid throughflow-based optimal design method is proposed for axial-flow compressors in which a throughflow inverse design solver is embedded in optimal genetic algorithm to improve the design efficiency of axial-flow *** types of design parameters in the throughflow inverse design of axial-flow compressors,i.e.,swirl and shroud curve,are simultaneously used to optimize both the blade shape and flow *** proposed method is validated by the redesign optimization of the benchmark axial-flow compressor NASA Stage 35,and the CFD predictions show that the throughflow-based optimization leads to 1.18% efficiency benefit at design *** proposed method is then utilized to the two-dimensional throughflow optimal design of a large-scale 6.5-stage axial-flow industrial *** optimal design results are confirmed by CFD predictions,indicating that the proposed method can effectively improve the design adiabatic efficiency of the compressors by 1.09% within a few minutes on desk-top *** throughflow design implications are also obtained for advanced axial-flow industrial *** work could enhance the capability of throughflow design method and has engineering application value to explore the throughflow optimization space of multi-stage axial-flow compressors.

关键词： multi-stage axial-flow compressor throughflow design empirical correlations genetic algorithm aerodynamic optimization

Dietary processed former foodstuffs for broilers:impacts on growth performance,digestibility,hematobiochemical profiles and liver gene abundance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 364-376页

作者： Karthika Srikanthithasan Marta Gariglio Elena Diaz Vicuna Edoardo Fiorilla Barbara Miniscalco Valeria Zambotto Eleonora Erika Cappone Nadia Stoppani Dominga Soglia Federica Raspa Joana Nery Andrea Giorgino Roser Sala Andrés Luis Martínez Marínz Josefa Madrid Sanchez Achille Schiavone Claudio Forte department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoItaly Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service(SNiBA) Department of Animal and Food SciencesUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Departamento de Producción Animal Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain department of Animal production University of MurciaMurciaSpain

Background The present experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of commercially processed former foodstuffs(cFF)as dietary substitutes of corn,soybean meal and soybean oil on the growth performance,apparent total tract digestibil-ity(ATTD),hematobiochemical profiles,and liver gene abundance in broiler *** hundred one-day-old male ROSS-308 chicks were assigned to 4 dietary groups(5 replicates of ten birds per replicate)according to their average body weight(BW,38.0±0.11 g).All groups received a two-phase feeding program:starter,d 1–12 and grower,d 12–*** control group(cFF0)was fed a standard commercial feed based on corn,soybean meal and soybean *** other three groups received diets in which the feed based on corn,soybean meal,and soybean oil was partially replaced with cFF at a substitution level of 6.25%(cFF6.25),12.5%(cFF12.5)or 25%(cFF25)for the following 33 *** The growth performance data showed no differences in BW or average daily gain among groups,although the average daily feed intake decreased during the grower period(12–33 d)and over entire experimental period(1–33 d)in a linear manner as the cFF inclusion level rose(P=0.026),positively affecting the gain to feed ratio(P=0.001).The ATTD of dry matter of the cFF-fed groups were greater with respect to control group and increased throughout the experimental period,whereas the ATTD of ether extract linearly decreased with increasing levels of cFF-fed groups compared with control group and throughout the experimental period(P<0.05).Additionally,a lin-ear increase in the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio,serum cholesterol,triglycerides and alanine-aminotransferase were observed with increasing dietary levels of cFF(P<0.05);however,no differences were observed in lipoprotein lipase or sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor gene *** The results of this experiment demonstrate that it is possible to incorporate cFF into nutritionally balanced diets for broiler ch

关键词： Alternative feed Broiler chicken Digestibility Former foodstuff Gene abundance Growth performance

Role of copper chelating agents: between old applications and new perspectives in neuroscience

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 751-762页

作者： Rosalba Leuci Leonardo Brunetti Vincenzo Tufarelli Marco Cerini Marco Paparella Nikola Puvača Luca Piemontese department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area(DiMePRe-J) Section of Veterinary Science and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi SadUniversity Business Academy in Novi SadNovi SadSerbia

The role of copper element has been an increasingly relevant topic in recent years in the fields of human and animal health, for both the study of new drugs and innovative food and feed supplements. This metal plays an important role in the central nervous system, where it is associated with glutamatergic signaling, and it is widely involved in inflammatory processes. Thus, diseases involving copper(Ⅱ) dyshomeostasis often have neurological symptoms, as exemplified by Alzheimer's and other diseases(such as Parkinson's and Wilson's diseases). Moreover, imbalanced copper ion concentrations have also been associated with diabetes and certain types of cancer, including glioma. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive overview of recent results that show the importance of these metal ions in several pathologies, mainly Alzheimer's disease, through the lens of the development and use of copper chelators as research compounds and potential therapeutics if included in multi-target hybrid drugs. Seeing how copper homeostasis is important for the well-being of animals as well as humans, we shortly describe the state of the art regarding the effects of copper and its chelators in agriculture, livestock rearing, and aquaculture, as ingredients for the formulation of feed supplements as well as to prevent the effects of pollution on animal productions.

关键词： agriculture Alzheimer's disease chelators copper feed supplements multi-target

Atmospheric reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose integrated with one-pot catalytic conversion of carbohydrate yielding valuable lignin monomers and platform chemicals from corn straw

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 161-172页

作者： Meng-Ying Liu Zhe-Hui Zhang Xue-Qi Wang Qian Sun Chen Zhang Yu Li Zhuohua Sun Katalin Barta Feng Peng Tong-Qi Yuan State Key Laboratory of Efficient production of Forest Resources Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China department of Chemistry Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 28/II8010 GrazAustria

Developing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process for the production of valuable chemicals from abundant herbal biomass receives great attentions in recent ***,taking advantage of the“lignin first”strategy,corn straw is converted to valuable chemicals including lignin monomers,furfural and 5-methoxymethylfurfural via a two steps *** key of this research lies in the development of a green and low-cost catalytic process utilizing magnetic Raney Ni catalyst and high boiling point ethylene *** utilization of neat ethylene glycol as the sole slovent under atmospheric conditions obviates the need for additional additives,thereby facilitating the entire process to be conducted in glass flasks and rendering it highly convenient for scaling *** the initial step,depolymerization of corn straw lignin resulted in a monomer yield of 18.1 wt%.Subsequently,in a dimethyl carbonate system,the carbohydrate component underwent complete conversion in a one-pot process,yielding furfural and 5-methoxymethylfurfural as the primary products with an impressive yield of 47.7%.

关键词： Atmospheric reductive catalytic fractionation Corn straw Ethylene glycol Raney Ni 5-Methoxymethylfurfural

Assessment of Salinity Tolerance and Ecotypic Variability in Vicia narbonensis L.:Morphological,Physiological,and Biochemical Responses

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 251-267页

作者： Hocine Bougrine Salah Hadjout Mohamed Zouidi Abdeldjalil Belkendil Amer Zeghmar Chaouki Boulekdam Walid Ouaret Walid Soufan Fathi Abdellatif Belhouadjeb Amar Mebarkia Centre de Recherche en Aménagement du Territoire(CRAT) Campus Zouaghi SlimaneConstantine25000Algérie Laboratoire d’Amélioration et de Développement de la production Végétale et Animale(LADPVA) Universitéde Ferhat AbbasSétif19000Algérie department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Plant production department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Centre de Recherche en Agropastoralisme(CRAPast) Djelfa17000Algérie

Salinity stress is a major challenge for global agriculture,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions,limiting plant productivity due to water and soil *** conditions particularly affect countries along the southern Mediterranean rim,including Algeria,which primarily focuses on pastoral and forage *** study investigates salinity tolerance and ecotypic variability in Vicia narbonensis L.,a fodder legume species recognized for its potential to reclaim marginal ***,physiological,and biochemical responses were assessed in three ecotypes(eco2,eco9,and eco10)exposed to different salinity levels(low,moderate,and severe).The study was conducted using a completely randomized block design with three blocks per ecotype per *** results from the two-way analysis of variance demonstrate significant effects across nearly all attributes studied,revealing distinct ecotypic *** findings underscore variations in growth parameters,osmotic regulation mechanisms,and biochemical *** substantial diversity observed among these ecotypes in their response to salinity provides valuable insights for breeders addressing both agronomic and ecological *** analyses,including Principal Component Analysis(PCA),revealed key variables distinguishing between ecotypes under salinity ***,Classification based on Salinity Tolerance Indices(STI)further differentiated ecotypic performance with more precision,and this is because of the combination of the different parameters *** results open up new prospects for the development of strategies to improve the salinity tolerance of forage legumes.

关键词： Salinity tolerance Vicia narbonensis morphological traits physiological adaptations biochemical changes salinity tolerance index(STI)

Autocyclic switching processes and architecture of lobes in river-dominated lacustrine deltas

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第1期14卷 126-140页

作者： Zhen-Hua Xu Sheng-He Wu Piret Plink-Bj?rklund Tao Zhang Da-Li Yue Qi-Hao Qian Qing Li Wen-Jie Feng National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (Beijing) department of Geology and Geological Engineering Colorado School of Mines Gas production Plant 2 PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development College of Geosciences Yangtze University

River-dominated lacustrine deltas typically consist of multiple lobes due to autogenic lobe switching that occurs over short time scales. However, the switching patterns of multiple lobes in these deltas remain poorly understood, and the architectural features attributed to lobe switching are also lacking. By integrating Delft3D simulations, flume experiments, and modern deposit analysis, we proposed that autogenic lobe switching follows a cyclic pattern. Autocyclicity begins with the formation of an offshore lobe and concludes after a series of longshore lobe growth events, marked by longshore avulsions occurring along the sides of offshore distributary *** avulsions follow a sequence that usually occurs earlier distally than proximally and subsequently occurs on one longshore side and then on the other side. Each lobe begins with rapid growth, which gradually slows and then stops once a channel avulsion is influenced by the backwater effect that triggers lobe switching. Three signals indicate lobe switching: a decrease in progradation rate, foreset slope steepening coupled with topset slope gentling, and the deposition of mud-dominated sediments. The number of autocyclic events never exceeds *** first two autocyclicities contribute to more than 55% of delta length and 70% of delta area. The lobes are separated by 1-6 stages of mud-dominated accretion beds that exhibit a downstream-inclined shape and convexup or lateral overlapping pattern. This study conducts a coupled growth-geometric assessment to establish an architectural pattern for river-dominated lacustrine deltas. This architectural pattern offers valuable insights into predicting sandy lobe distribution in river-dominated lacustrine delta reservoirs, and the architecture of muddy accretion beds aids in predicting the rule of oil-water movement and distribution of remaining oil.

关键词： Autocyclic lobe switching River-dominated lacustrine delta Architecture Avulsion sequence Backwater effect

Seasonal influence on miRNA expression dynamics of extracellular vesicles in equine follicular fluid

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 136-152页

作者： Jean M.Feugang Ahmed Gad Nico G.Menjivar Ghassan M.Ishak Samuel Gebremedhn Melba O.Gastal Notsile H.Dlamini Radek Prochazka Eduardo L.Gastal Dawit Tesfaye department of Animal and Dairy Sciences Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory(ARBL) Department of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA department of Animal production Faculty of AgricultureCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt department of Surgery and Obstetrics College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BaghdadBaghdad 10011Iraq Animal Science School of Agricultural SciencesSouthern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA J.R.Simplot Company KunaID 83634USA Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Czech Academy of SciencesLiběchov 27721Czech Republic

Background Ovarian follicular fluid(FF)is a dynamic environment that changes with the seasons,affecting follicle development,ovulation,and oocyte *** in the follicles release tiny particles called extracellular vesicles(EVs)containing vital regulatory molecules,such as microRNAs(miRNAs).These miRNAs are pivotal in facilitating commu-nication within the follicles through diverse signaling and information transfer ***-coupled miRNA signaling is implicated to be associated with ovarian function,follicle and oocyte growth and response to various environmen-tal ***,we investigated how seasonal variations directly influence the ovulatory and anovulatory states of ovarian follicles and how are they associated with follicular fluid EV-coupled miRNA dynamics in *** Ultrasonographic monitoring and follicular fluid aspiration of preovulatory follicles in horses during the ano-vulatory(spring:non-breeding)and ovulatory(spring,summer,and fall:breeding)seasons and subsequent EV isola-tion and miRNA profiling identified significant variation in EV-miRNA cargo *** identified 97 miRNAs with dif-ferential expression among the groups and specific clusters of miRNAs involved in the spring transition(miR-149,-200b,-206,-221,-328,and-615)and peak breeding period(including miR-143,-192,-451,-302b,-100,and let-7c).Bioinformatic analyses showed enrichments in various biological functions,e.g.,transcription factor activity,transcrip-tion and transcription regulation,nucleic acid binding,sequence-specific DNA binding,p53 signaling,and post-trans-lational *** analyses revealed distinct sets of significantly up-and down-regulated miRNAs associ-ated with spring anovulatory(Cluster 1)and summer ovulation–the peak breeding season(Clusters 4 and 6).Conclusions The findings from the current study shed light on the dynamics of FF-EV-coupled miRNAs in relation to equine ovulatory and anovulatory seasons,and their roles in understanding the

关键词： Extracellular vesicle Follicle growth Follicular fluid Horse Mare Ovulation Pre-ovulation Seasonal breeding

Enhanced engineering and biocidal polypropylene filaments enabling melt reduction of AgNO_(3) through PVP agent:A scalable process for the defense industry with MEX additive manufacturing

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 52-66页

作者： Markos Petousis Nikolaos Michailidis Vassilis Papadakis Apostolos Argyros Mariza Spiridaki Nikolaos Mountakis John Valsamos Nektarios K.Nasikas Amalia Moutsopoulou Nectarios Vidakis department of Mechanical Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityHeraklion 71410Greece Physical Metallurgy Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentSchool of EngineeringAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Centre for Research&Development of Advanced Materials(CERDAM) Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and InnovationBalkan CentreBuilding B’10th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi RoadThessaloniki 57001Greece Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser of the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas(IESL-FORTH)e Hellas N.Plastira 100mHeraklion 70013Greece department of Industrial Design and production Engineering University of West AtticaAthens 12243Greece Division of Mathematics and Engineering Sciences Department of Military SciencesHellenic Army AcademyGR 16673VariAtticaGreece

This study focused on the production of polypropylene(PP)/silver(Ag)composites via additive *** study aimed to enhance the quality of medical-grade PP in material extrusion(MEX)three-dimensional printing(3DP)by improving its mechanical properties while simultaneously adding antibacterial *** latter can find extremely important and versatile properties that are applicable in defense and security ***/Ag nanocomposites were prepared using a novel method based on a reaction occurring while mixing appropriate quantities of the starting polymers and additives,namely polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as the matrix material and silver nitrate(AgNO_(3))as the *** process produced three-dimensional(3D)printed filaments,which were then used to create specimens for a series of standardized *** was found that the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were enhanced in relation to pristine PP,especially for the PP matrix with various loadings of AgNO_(3)and PVP,such as 5.0 wt%and 2.5 wt%,*** voids,inclusions,and actual-to-nominal dimensions also showed improved *** 3DP specimens exhibited a more effective biocidal performance against Staphylococcus aureus than Escherichia coli,which developed an inhibition zone only in the case of PP with filler loading percentages of AgNO_(3)and PVP at 10.0 wt%and 5.0 wt%,respectively Compounds possessing such properties can be beneficial for various applications requiring increased mechanical properties and biocidal capabilities,such as in the Defence or medical industries.

关键词： Polypropylene(PP) Polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) Silver nitride(AgNO_(3)) In-situ reactive melt mixing process Material extrusion(MEX)3D printing Biocidal performance