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Integrating value-chain approach with participatory multicriteria analysis for sustainable planning of a niche crop in Indian Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第10期16卷 2417-2434页

作者： Sudeshna Maya SEN Arun KANSAL Coca-Cola department of Regional Water studies TERI School of Advanced Studies

The value-chain approach(VCA)was used for exploring how a niche crop,namely large cardamom(Amomum subulatum Roxb.),can be developed sustainably to increase incomes and enhance rural livelihoods in the *** cardamom is a high-value,agro-climatically suitable,and non-perishable spice crop grown in the Himalayan *** in Sikkim,the crop is important to the local economy and is sold in both domestic and international markets;however,its production in India has been declining significantly in recent *** VCA and participatory methods of data collection the study helped elicit value chain actors’perspectives on various reasons for the decline as well as potential strategies to improve the cardamom value *** results present the multiple environmental and climatic(*** stress),social(*** participation)and institutional(*** of trust between actors)challenges and corresponding upgrading *** participatory multi-criteria analysis(MCA),the strategies were prioritized based on the overall preferences of multiple *** analysis considered eight criteria and 25 options,or strategies,and found that that marketability and profitability were the most important criteria,and increasing cardamom production,the most important *** discussions along with sensitivity analysis also showed how these options could be implemented and revealed how criteria preferences can change with expert *** combination of VCA and MCA,because it supports participatory decision-making and balances multiple dimensions of sustainable development,can be effectively deployed in planning for agricultural development in the mountains.

关键词： Large Cardamom Participatory decision-making Upgrading strategies Climate change adaptation Sikkim Sustainable Value Chain

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The pivotal role of microglia in injury and the prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1829-1848页

作者： Wenjing Ning Shi Lv Qian Wang Yuzhen Xu department of Rehabilitation The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTaianShandong ProvinceChina department of Central Laboratory The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao UniversityTaianShandong ProvinceChina

Subarachnoid hemorrhage leads to a series of pathological changes,including vascular spasm,cellular apoptosis,blood–brain barrier damage,cerebral edema,and white matter ***,which are the key immune cells in the central nervous system,maintain homeostasis in the neural environment,support neurons,mediate apoptosis,participate in immune regulation,and have neuroprotective *** evidence has shown that microglia play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage and affect the process of injury and the prognosis of subarachnoid ***,microglia play certain neuroprotective roles in the recovery phase of subarachnoid *** approaches aimed at modulating microglia function are believed to attenuate subarachnoid hemorrhage *** provides new targets and ideas for the treatment of subarachnoid ***,an in-depth and comprehensive summary of the role of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage is still *** review describes the activation of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage and their roles in the pathological processes of vasospasm,neuroinflammation,neuronal apoptosis,blood–brain barrier disruption,cerebral edema,and cerebral white matter *** also discusses the neuroprotective roles of microglia during recovery from subarachnoid hemorrhage and therapeutic advances aimed at modulating microglial function after subarachnoid ***,microglia in subarachnoid hemorrhage are targeted with TLR inhibitors,nuclear factor-κB and STAT3 pathway inhibitors,glycine/tyrosine kinases,NLRP3 signaling pathway inhibitors,Gasdermin D inhibitors,vincristine receptorαreceptor agonists,ferroptosis inhibitors,genetic modification techniques,stem cell therapies,and traditional Chinese ***,most of these are still being evaluated at the laboratory *** clinical studies and data on subarachnoid hemorrhage are required to improve the treatment of subarachnoid hemor

关键词： apoptosis blood–brain barrier brain edema microglia neuroinflammation neuron neuroprotection subarachnoid hemorrhage vasoconstriction white matter injury

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THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM──A Case Study in Dali,Yunnan Province,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 1996年第2期6卷 132-144页

作者：戴凡保继刚 department of Geography and Planning University at Albany State University of New York U.S.A. Centre for urban & Regional studies Zhongshan University Guangzhou PRC

Ancient town Dali is located in northwest Yunnan Province. With its ancient history and natural scenery,it is preserved as one of the first 24 historical and cultural towns in China. Dali has become one of the most popular attractions for foreign tourists since it had its first foreign visitors in *** a result,English came into the life of the local *** paper presents and explains the results of questionnaires and interviews about Dan people’s attitude toward learning *** types of questionnaires were designed to local businessmen,local residents and foreign *** were also given whenever *** this study,businessmen in Dali were divided into two distinct groups. One group had their business in“Foreigners’Street”,which was in front of Hongshancha Hotel where many foreign tourists stayed. Another group had business in Fuxin Street, which was vertically across“Foreigners’Street”.The 41 shops and restaurants in“Foreigners’Street”served mainly foreign visitors,and most of them had English names and advertisements. The 353 shops and restaurants in Fuxin Street mainly catered for domestic visitors but also served more and more overseas *** from local residents were mostly young people because aging ones were apparently not much affected by English. The results of the study showed that the oral English levels became lower from“Foreigners’Street”to Fuxin Street to local residents,due to declining frequency of contact with foreign *** were also distinct differences in general English level, the understanding of the importance of English,the purposes of communicating with foreign tourists,the willingness and purposes of going on The project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of *** English between businessmen in“Foreigners’Street”and Fuxin Street:people in“Foreigners’Street”had more positive feedback than those in Fuxin Street because their constant contact with foreigners required them t

关键词： tourism social impacts ancient town Dali

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T3P catalyzed one pot three-component synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted 3H-quinazolin-4-ones

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第8期26卷 963-968页

作者： Goravanahalli M.Raghavendra Chottanahalli S.Pavan Kumar Gejjalagere P.Suresha Kanchugarakoppal S.Rangappa Kempegowda Mantelingu department of studies in Chemistry University of Mysore

An efficient methodology for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted 3H-quinazolin-4-ones is described via one-pot three component reaction from anthranilic acid using T3 P as catalyst. Mild reaction conditions,short reaction time, broad functional group tolerance, easy isolation of products and good yields are main advantages of this protocol.

关键词： catalyzed equiv heterocyclic isolation moiety substituted aldehydes intramolecular substituent esters

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Progress in modifications and applications of fluorescent dye probe

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第1期19卷 1-7页

作者： Xuening Fei,Yingchun Gu department of Material Science and Engineering,Tianjin Institute of urban Construction,Tianjin 300384,China [a]department of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin Institute of Urban Construction Tianjin 300384 China

This review summarizes the labeling technology and applications of fluorescent dye probe in biology,especially the characteristics,modification and applications of cyanine *** on the currently available modification methods of fluorescent dye probe,we discuss the studies of enhancing the water-solubility,improving the degree of biocompatibility and target-labeling,increasing the sensitivity and decreasing the toxicity of fluorescent *** also give a brief introduction on the modification method,that the fluorescent dye is directly introduced onto the cell surfaces by amine derivatives or azides to intensify the transferring information of aberrant *** suggest that fluorescent dye modified with chitosan oligosaccharide can obviously increase the degree of biocompatibility and target-labeling,and decrease the degree of toxicity.

关键词： Fluorescent dye probe Cyanine dye Chitosan oligosaccharide Modification

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Multifunctional landscapes—perspectives for the future

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第2期15卷 187-192页

作者： Jesper Brandt department of Geography and International Development studies Roskilde University

New methods in landscape ecology to study the link between landscape heterogeneity and landscape functionality are needed. Heterogeneity is a basic characteristic of landscape, and landscape function is the capacity to change the structural heterogeneity of a landscape system. In most developed countries the industrialisation of agriculture has in general resulted in a change of agricultural landscapes from a small-grained heterogeneous pattern towards more monotonous and monofunctional landscapes. During the 1990's this trends seems to have changed due to a diversification of rural land use and new trends in urbanisation. Weather these phases of landscape development should be expected in developing countries is a totally open question. Dealing with the study of multifunctionality of landscapes it is proposed to distinguish between ecological functionality of landscape ecosystems, functionality pertaining to land use and social functionality. Further, the relation between function, space and scale is important by the determination of spatial and time segregation as well as spatial and time integration of multifunctionality in landscapes.

关键词： landscape heterogeneity monotonisation multifunctionality spatial segregation time segregation landscape development

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Challenges to Coordination: Understanding Intergovernmental Friction During Disasters

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第3期10卷 306-316页

作者： Daniel P.Aldrich department of Political Science School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs Northeastern UniversityBoston

While idealized crisis response involves smooth coordination between relevant actors, friction between levels of government and between the state and civil society in responding to catastrophe may be more *** article builds a theory of cross-level friction during and after crisis by analyzing the conditions when discord is most likely. With a medium-N dataset(N = 18) of disaster responses from, among other countries, Chile, Haiti, Japan,North America, the Philippines, and Somalia, I carry out quantitative and qualitative analysis of cases with a variety of levels of friction to investigate the conditions that lead to misalignment. Tobit regression, qualitative comparative analysis, and case studies that take into account levels of economic development, government structure, nongovernmental organization density, and levels of damage demonstrate that low levels of development, lower levels of economic costs from the crisis, and poor planning and logistical infrastructure correlate with a higher likelihood of friction between disaster response *** not definitive, these findings come with theoretical and practical implications as climate change makes extreme weather events and future disasters more likely and more powerful.

关键词： Bottom up culture Case studies Disaster coordination Qualitative comparative analysis Tobit regression analysis Top down institutions

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An arrow in the quiver: evaluating the performance of Hyptis suaveolens(L.) Poit. in different light levels

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 130-147页

作者： Kanhaiya Shah Gyan Prakash Sharma R.Sagar department of Environmental studies University of Delhi department of Botany Banaras Hindu University

Background Hyptis suaveolens（L.） Poit.,native to the American tropics,is a pantropical annual plant and a major invasive species throughout *** was anticipated that the availability of sunlight,coupled with its superior reproductive potential,persistent propagule bank,and dispersal ability,could lead to an increase in the growth and spread of this invader,thus potentially impeding herbaceous growth and diversity in non-native *** its ecological fitness and competitive performance will be useful to manage the spread of *** in natural ecosystems that are facing a wide range of anthropogenic *** The present study is a three-tier *** the first tier,a field study was conducted to assess the patterns of *** abundance and herbaceous species diversity in response to light availability(sun,842-1072μmol m-2s-1and shade 253-341 μmol m-2S-1) in the tropical dry deciduous ecosystems in the Vindhyan highlands,***,the impact of *** abundance on the resident native and non-native species abundance and diversity was also *** the second tier,a randomized common garden experiment was conducted to understand the trait fitness of *** in sun(940 μmol m-2s-1) and shade(300 μmol m-2s-1) *** the third tier,a plant growth chamber experiment with high-light(940 μmol m-2s-1) and low-light(300 μmol m-2s-1)treatments was done to learn how *** partitions its biomass between aboveground and belowground plant *** The field study indicated that the sunlit areas had a higher abundance of *** and a lower diversity of resident herbaceous species than the shaded *** common garden experiment showed that sun-dwelling *** individuals performed better in germinative,vegetative,eco-physiological,and reproductive traits than the shade-dwelling *** growth chamber experiment exhibited that plants grown in high-light environment had greater seed germi

关键词： Invasive species Native species Species diversity Life-history trait Oskar syndrome Plasticity index

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Geomorphic features of Quaternary glaciation in the Taniantaweng Mountain, on the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 256-274页

作者： ZHANG Wei CHAI Le IAN S.Evans LIU Liang LI Ya-peng QIAO Jing-ru TANG Qian-yu SUN Bo College of urban and Environmental Sciences Liaoning Normal University Geography department Durham University

We present geomorphological evidence for multiple glacial fluctuations during the Quaternary in the Taniantaweng Mountain, which is situated at the transition zone of the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. To reconstruct the history of glacial evolution during the Quaternary Glaciation, we present a ~13000 km^2 geomorphologic map(1:440,000) for the Quaternary glaciations, as well as three electron spin resonance(ESR) ages and three optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) ages from the landforms. By integrating these with ages from previous studies, four major glacial advances are identified during marine oxygen isotope stages(MIS) 6, 3, 2 and 1. This glacial chronology is in reasonable agreement with existing glacial chronologies from other parts of the Hengduan Mountains and surrounding mountains. Glaciers had extended to the Yuqu River during the glacial maximum advance(MIS 6), but became successively more restricted from MIS 3 to MIS 1. The glacial distribution show that precipitation brought by the south Asian monsoon might play a primary role in driving glacial advances during the last glacial period in the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Taniantaweng Mountain Glacial landform ESR dating OSL dating South Asian monsoon

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A Framework for Assessment of Water Poverty in Iran

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Chinese Journal of urban and Environmental studies 2023年第4期11卷 72-99页

作者： Maryam SERESHTI Mojtaba VALIBEIGI Neda SAFARI department of urban Planning Guilan University department of Architecture and urban Planning Buein Zahra Technical University department of Geography Planning and Environment

The water shortage crisis is one of the main concerns that is threatening the biological security in Iran. According to available data and information, providing a framework for the assessment of water poverty in Iran seems crucial. The land-dividing unit in Iran is the province, and most of the governmental information is gathered based on this unit. In this sense, Isfahan province, which is one of the central provinces in Iran that is suffering from water crises, has been selected. The water poverty index(WPI), which is adopted in accordance with Iran's situation, including five components of resources, access, capacity, use, and environment, has been used for each of Isfahan's cities. “Capacity” and “use” has the greatest correlation, and it seems any advancement in water utilization for economic purposes might result in increased capacity, and vice versa. Also,there is a positive correlation between WPI and components of access, capacity, use, and environment. It can be interpreted that the lack of access to water services may be due to a lack of income or education. Finally, access, capacity, and use showed the strongest relationships between WPI and its subcategories. Therefore, these three elements should be the main focus of any initiative to manage the water poverty in Isfahan province.

关键词： Climate change water issues human development drought Isfahan

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