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Social interactivity in pigeon courtship behavior

Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 85-95页

作者： Emma L.R. WARE Daniel R. SAUNDERS Nikolaus F, TROJE department of Psychology Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada Centre for Neuroscience studies Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada Wellesley Institute Toronto Ontario M4V 3B Canada Centre for Brain/Mind Sciences University of Trento Trento Italy department of Biology Queen's University Kingston K7L 3N6 Canada

A closed-loop teleprompter system was used to isolate and manipulate social interactivity in thenatural courtship interactions of pigeons Columbia livia. In Experiment 1, a live face-to-face real-time interaction between 2 courting pigeons （Live） was compared to a played back version of thevideo stimulus recorded during the pairs Live interaction. We found that pigeons were behavinginteractively; their behavior depended on the relationships between their own signals and those oftheir partner. In Experiment 2, we tested whether social interactivity relies on spatial cues presentin the facing direction of a partner＇s display. By moving the teleprompter camera 90~ away from itsoriginal location, the partner＇s display was manipulated to appear as if it is directed 90~ away fromthe subject. We found no effect of spatial offset on the pigeon＇s behavioral response. In Experiment3, 3 time delays, 1 s, 3s, and 9s, a Live condition, and a playback condition were chosen to investi-gate the importance of temporal contiguity in social interactivity. Furthermore, both opposite-sex（courtship） and same-sex （rivalry） pairs were studied to investigate whether social-context affectssocial interactivity sensitivity. Our results showed that pigeon courtship behavior is sensitive totemporal contiguity. Behavior declined in the 9 s and Playback conditions as compared to Live con-dition and the shorter time delays. For males only, courtship behavior also increased in the 3-sdelay condition. The effect of social interactivity and time delay was not observed in rivalry inter-actions, suggesting that social interactivity may be specific to courtship.

关键词： courtship behavior, pigeons, social interactivity, spatial offset, time delay, video playback.

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The Impact of Governance Regime on Land Cover and Use Change and Forest Structure: Insights from Kakamega and Loita Forests, Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第2期12卷 185-215页

作者： Musingo Tito E. Mbuvi James B. Kungu Alfred Eshitera Kenya Forestry Research Institute Nairobi Kenya department of Environmental Sciences School of Environmental Studies Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Technical University of Kenya Nairobi Kenya

Forests in Kenya are managed under different management regimes, including traditional community based forest management, command and control, participatory forest management, leasehold, concessions, and private. Assessment of these regimes’ impact (positively or negatively) on forest conservation has not been done. The study was done to determine the impact on forest conservation of three management regimes traditional community based forest management, command and control, and participatory forest management. The survey was done through secondary data, focus group discussion, key informant interview, household survey, ecological survey, and land cover and land use analysis through GIS. The results indicate that the forest site under participatory forest management witnessed better forest management. In this site, the forest zone witnessing best management was the one near the forest station where the rangers are located and adjacent to the community that has been involved in forest management and benefited most from project intervention, an incentive for their participation in forest management. The forests under traditional community based forest management faced a high forest degradation rate. Forest under command and control regime witnessed the best forest condition improvement attributed to the management regime not allowing consumptive forest resource utilization. Each regime was best under its’ legislative framework and would facilitate better forest management and contribute to improved livelihoods without compromising forest quality. Participatory forest management was the most preferred management regime contributing to better forest management, improved community livelihoods, and formally involved communities and other stakeholders. Each regime’s appropriateness would be enhanced through stakeholder capacity building, institutional reform, adequate financial facilitation, and appropriate implementation. Therefore, adopting participatory forest managemen

关键词： Forest Regime Appropriateness Management Livelihoods

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Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid by cationic arylthiophenes as new eco-friendly inhibitors: Experimental and quantum chemical study

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第12期34卷 197-217页

作者： Abd El-Aziz S.Fouda Mohamed A.Ismail Abdulraqeb A.Al-Khamri Ashraf S.Abousalem department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceEl-Mansoura UniversityEl-Mansoura 35516Egypt department of Chemistry Faculty of EducationArts and SciencesUniversity of Saba RegionMaribYemen Quality Control Laboratory Operations DepartmentJotunEgypt

This study describes the adsorption behavior of three arylthiophene derivatives namely:2-(4-amidino-3-fluorophenyl)-5-[4-methoxy phenyl] thiophene dihydrochloride salt(MA-1217),2-(4-amidinophenyl)-5-[4-chlorophenyll thiophene dihydrochloride salt(MA-1316) and 2-(4-amidino-3-fluorophenyl)-5-[4-ch lorophenyllthiophene dihydrochloride salt(MA-1312) at C-steel in 1.0 mol·L^(-1) HCl interface using experimental and theoretical *** and mass loss measurements showed that the inhibition efficiency(IE) of the arylthiophene derivatives increases with increasing concentrations and exhibited maximum efficiency 89% at 21×10^(-6) mol·L^(-1)(MA-1217) by mass loss *** investigated arylthiophene derivatives obey the Langmuir adsorption *** polarization studies the arylthiophene derivatives act as mixed-type *** analysis were carried out and *** mode of orientation and adsorption of inhibitor molecules on C-steel surface was studied using molecular dynamics(MD) *** chemical parameters as well as the radial distribution function indices and binding energies confirm the experimental results.

关键词： Carbon steel Corrosion inhibition Adsorption Arylthiophene derivatives Polarization Electrochemical frequency modulation

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Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for the management of hypertension

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第9期135卷 1027-1035页

作者： Yibang Cheng Yan Li Jiguang Wang department of Cardiovascular Medicine Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical TrialsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionThe Shanghai Institute of HypertensionState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Centre for Translational MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)has become indispensable in the current management of *** is particularly useful in the accurate diagnosis of *** diagnostic thresholds had been recently established based on hard clinical ***-classification of patients according to office and ambulatory blood pressure identifies white-coat,masked,and sustained *** is also useful in cardiovascular(CV)risk *** provides information on daytime and nighttime blood pressure and circadian rhythm,particularly nighttime blood pressure *** blood pressure is predictive of CV risk independent of office and daytime blood *** nocturnal hypertension is a special form of masked hypertension,with normal daytime but elevated nocturnal blood *** also helps in the evaluation of blood pressure fluctuation and variation,such as morning blood pressure surge and reading-to-reading blood pressure *** may derive several other indexes,such as ambulatory blood pressure index and salt sensitivity index,which may be useful in CV evaluations.

关键词： Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring Blood pressure control Hypertension Antihypertensive treatment

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The Implication of Land-Use Policies on Property RentalValue Trend in Abuja

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2019年第9期13卷 590-597页

作者： Abdullahi Alhassan Ahmed Dalhatu Umar Sangari Nasiru Madugu Idris Adamu Tanko Ogah department of Estate Management and Valuation School of Environmental StudiesFederal PolytechnicNasarawaPMB 001Nasarawa 962101Nasarawa StateNigeria department of Geography Nasarawa State UniversityKeffiPMB 1022Nasarawa StateNigeria

Land-use policies and regulations are employed all over the world to control land *** to the type of regulations,these can have several impacts on the value of ***,the value of properties might increase or decrease depending on the type of measures that are yearly *** the objective of this study was to assess the implication of land use regulations on rental value trend in Abuja,*** survey design was used to elicit relevant information from occupiers and Estate Surveying and Valuation firms in *** were presented on tables,and an annual growth rate factor was used to assess the relative growth of rent within the three locations(Wuse,Maitama and Nyanya),*** indicate a significant rise in the rental value of properties between 2008 and ***,the planning authorities in Abuja should reconsider the kind of policies they implement within the study area to avoid abuse and unnecessary restrictions that affect the state of the environment and value.

关键词： Land use policies rental value rental growth rental trend

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Family support,discrimination,and quality of life among ART-treated HIV-infected patients:a two-year study in China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1352-1361页

作者： Jun-Fang Xu Zhong-Qiang Ming Yu-Qian Zhang Pei-Cheng Wang Jun Jing Feng Cheng Research Center for Public Health School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Fukangda Health International Science&Technology BeijingChina The Paul H.Nitze School of Advanced International studies The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUSA department of Sociology Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases of Tsinghua University BeijingChina

Background:By September 2016,approximately 653,865 people in China were living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)and 492,725 people were receiving antiretroviral therapy(ART).PLWHA frequently experience discrimination in all domains of their personal and social *** World Health Organization includes discrimination in its list of social determinants of health factors that have been linked to poor physical and psychological *** paper identifies the family support enjoyed and discrimination faced by people infected with HIV and examines the effect they have on patients’quality of life(QOL)as they undergo ART in ***:We conducted this observational cohort study of ART-treated patients with HIV in Guangxi Province using a questionnaire survey at baseline,6,12,and 24 months,starting in *** analysis was used to describe the demographic characteristics(e.g.,age,sex,educational level,marital status,and employment status)of *** estimating equations(GEE)were employed to examine the relationships between family support,discrimination,and ***:In the study,90.4%(n=281)of patients received family support at baseline,here defined as the initiation of ART,91.8%(n=244)received family support 6 months into ART,95.5%(n=220)at 12 months,and 94.3%(n=230)at 24 *** proportion of patients who did not feel discriminated against by their families was 87.2%(n=274)at baseline,90.4%(n=229)6 months into ART,90.0%(n=210)at 12 months,and 94.5%(n=219)at 24 ***’overall QOL scores were positively associated with having received family support(OR=2.74,P=0.040,95%CI:1.68-4.47),not feeling discriminated against by their families(OR=1.3,P=0.041,95%CI:1.07-1.59)or discrimination from patients themselves,including never experiencing fear of abandonment by family(OR=2.05,P=0.025,95%CI:1.49-2.82).Conclusions:Family support along with no or minimal discrimination was found to contribute to QOL among people infected with *** overall QOL

关键词： Quality of life Family support Discrimination People infected with HIV China

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From Grinding Hollows to Information Communication Technology through Media in Selecting Prospective Fiancées: Evidence from Wasukuma Socio-Cultural Practices in Tanzania

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International Journal of Geosciences 2017年第9期8卷 1146-1171页

作者： Charles B. Saanane S. Faru department of Archaeology and Heritage studies College of Humanities University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania department of Journalism and Mass Communication Faculty of Social Sciences St. Augustine University of Tanzania Mwanza Tanzania

This paper presents results from investigation of cultural transformations exhibited by Wasukuma youth in regard to getting fiancées in Ngasamo ward, Busega district, Simiyu region, Tanzania. The Main Objective was to assess the manner former Wasukuma young men used mega-stone objects in selecting prospective fiancées and compare with the current trend of using media in some areas of Bariadi district, Simiyu region. Specific Objectives included the following: to relocate tangible cultural heritage resources (mega-stones) used by Wasukuma young men in former times for getting fiancées in Simiyu region;to identify electronic media used by Wasukuma young men of today to communicate in a bid to get fiancées in Simiyu region;and to provide suggestions for pertinent protection, conservation as well as presentation of cultural heritage resources. Such investigation was carried out through surveys that included field observation, documentation together with records for Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates per surveyed locality and key informant interviews. Results from the study identified granite rock boulders that were used as grinding stones for cereals such that they formed grinding hollows. Besides production of flour for making food like stiff porridge or soft porridge, such grinding hollows were used by youth of former times to identify hard working young ladies who could be useful for becoming life partners. Such cultural heritage assets need sustainable preservation as well as conservation plans in line with Antiqui-ties Act, Antiquities Rules and Monuments of 1980, Cultural Policy of 1997 together with Antiquities Policy of 2008. On the other hand, today’s youth in Bariadi area, Simiyu region and elsewhere in Usukuma areas, for instance, Kwimba district in Mwanza region used such mega-stones with the same purposes. However, currently, youth are using Information Communication Technology (ICT), for example, electronic media through television, mobile phones

关键词： Fiancée(s) Mega-Stone Objects Grinding Hollows Antiquities Policy Cultural Policy

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Quantification of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD) using radon,radium tracers and nutrient inputs in Punnakayal, south coast of India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 29-38页

作者： S.Selvam P.Muthukumar Sruthy Sajeev S.Venkatramanan S.Y.Chung K.Brindha D.S.Suresh Babu R.Murugan department of Geology V.O.Chidambaram CollegeThoothukudi628008TamilnaduIndia Registration No:*** Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveli627012Tamil NaduIndia department for Management of Science and Technology Development Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam Faculty of Applied Sciences Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam department of Earth&Environmental Sciences Pukyong National UniversityBusan608-737South Korea Freie Universitat Berlin Institut für Geologische WissenschaftenArbeitsbereich HydrogeologieMalteserstraße 7410012249BerlinGermany Centre for Earth Sciences studies AkkulamTiruvanthapuram695031India department of Disaster Management Alagappa UniversityKaraikudiTamil NaduIndia

The present study focused on the estimation of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)and the effects of nutrient fluxes due to the SGD *** parameters of SGD such as magnitude,character,and nutrient flux in Punnakayal region of South East coast of India were evaluated using multiple tracers of groundwater inputs in *** was found that the elevated values for the tracers in the study area,displayed a gradational change in the values as move from estuarine part to the *** occurrence of fresh and saline SGD is observed on the study ***,indicated that the SGD fluxes ranged from 0.04 to 0.12 m^3 m^-2d^-1 at the estuary and0.03-0.15 m^3 m^-2d^-1at the groundwater site.A substantially increased value for 222 Rn activities is distinguished in the estuary to values over 312 dpm L^-*** embellishments were generally greatest at locations with substantial meteoric elements in groundwater;however,the recirculation of saltwater through the geological formation could provide a way of transferring terrestrially-derived nutrients to the coastal zone at many places.

关键词： SGD Radon Radium Nutrients Coastal zone Box model

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Comparative Study of Bovine Pericardium and Gore-Tex in Tissual Interaction with Wistar Rats Diaphragm

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Surgical Science 2016年第9期7卷 381-389页

作者： Artur Fracassi Guerra Mauro Razuk Filho Neil Ferreira Novo Willy Marcus França Medical Science and Health Faculty Catholic University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil department of Medicine—Service of Statistical studies Sao Paulo Brazil department of Medicine Catholic University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

Introduction: Simple suture isn’t always possible in large congenital diaphragmatic hernia (cdh) defects. Synthetic materials are used for correction such as Silastic®, Gore-Tex® (GT), Teflon® or biological, such as autologous muscle patches. It was shown that bovine pericardium (bp) was effective to correct those large defects with many positive outcomes when compared with syntactic materials. Aim: This study aims to establish an experimental model of correction for large diaphragmatic defect with PB and GT patches to compare histologically the tissue interaction between them and diaphragm in young Wistar rats. Materials & Methods: 15 wistar rats were divided in 3 groups: Rats that used BP was named G1;Rats that used GT was named G2;and rats with only scraping in the diphragm, named G3 (control). Animals were submited to a laparotomy and fixed pathces to diaphragms and harvested 3 weeks later. Area between normal diaphragm and patches were isolated and separated for histological analysis, such as lymphocytic infiltration (inflammation), neovascularization and fibrosis. Results: G1 presented inflammation between BP and Diaphragm In 5 Samples. G2 Presented Neovascularization In 5 Samples, But No inflammation. Fibrotic tissue overlapping GT patches occurred in 3 samples in G2. Comparing G1 with G2 there was a significant statistical difference concerning inflammation (P = 0.0079), in G1. Comparing neovascularization there is no significant statistical difference (P = 0.4444), despite a slight higher incidence in G2. Fibrosis in both groups presented no significant statistical difference (P = 0.4444), despite a slight higher incidence in G2. There were no alterations in G3. Discussion: Despite the statistical difference in the inflammatory process was more frequent in G1 (P = 0.0079), neovascularization and fibrosis were more frequent in G2. Conclusion: The proposed experimental model was satisfactory to reproduce suture of patches in the diaphragm. These resu

关键词： Diaphragm Hernia Bovine Pericardium Gore-Tex Tissue Interaction and Wistar Rat

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State of Air Quality in Malawi

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第11期4卷 1258-1264页

作者： Harold Wilson Tumwitike Mapoma Xianjun Xie 1School of Environmental studies China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) Wuhan China 2department of Physics and Bioche- mical Sciences The Polytechnic University of Malawi Private Bag 303 Blantyre Malawi. School of Environmental studies China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) Wuhan China

Air pollution in Malawi is recognized as one of the key environmental issues. Out of nine key issues it is ranked eighth on priority issues. This has led to lagging behind in terms of research and reporting on the issue. However, the Malawi Government has made strides in implementing policies, acts and programs that are directly or indirectly concerned with the improvement and abatement of air quality to meet the millennium development goals (MDGs) especially goal number 7. The inventories and studies show that air quality in Malawi is still good, but future anticipated air quality problems are cause for worry such as impact on human health, global climate change and ozone depletion. Trends in consumption of ozone depleting substances (ODS) show a remarkable drive towards total reduction. Emissions standards are in place in line with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Recommendations on how to deal with air quality issues have been proposed in the national state of environmental report (NSOER) in that: 1) there is a need for an operational framework for climate change programs in Malawi and;2) there is a need to unify climate change policies dealing with enforcement of ODS phasing out, alternative energy sources, emissions from vehicles and industries, and institutional and human resource capacity.

关键词： Air Quality State of Environment Report Ozone Depleting Substances Climate Change Malawi

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