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Changes in blood sugar levels of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with imidocarb dipropionate and diminazene aceturate

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第1期4卷 21-23页

作者： Nwoha Rosemary Ijeoma Ogechi Omamegbe Joseph Omalathebu department of Veterinary Medicine Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria department of Surgery and theriogenology Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria

Objective:To determine the effect of Trypanosoma brucei(T.brucei)on blood sugar level of infected rats.Methods:The experiment was done with 42 albino rats grouped into 3 groups of 14 members each.Group A was uninfected(control group),Group B was infected with T.brucei and treated with diminazene aceturate,and Group C was infected with T.brucei and treated with imidocarb dipropionate.Blood samples were collected from the media canthus of the experimental rats on Days 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 for the assessment of change in blood sugar levels.The blood sugar levels were determined with a glucometer(Accu-chek active serial No.GN:10023338).Results:By 4 to 5 days post infection,there was a significant increase(P0.05)was observed in the groups when compared with the control group till Day 12 of the experiment.Conclusions:T.brucei caused a significant increase in blood sugar of infected rats.

关键词： Blood sugar Trypanosoma brucei Albino rats Imidocarb dipropionate Diminazene aceturate

AMPK Subcellular Localisation in <i>Dictyostelium discoideum</i>

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2015年第3期5卷 105-116页

作者： Paul B. Bokko Afsar Ahmed Paul R. Fisher School of Life Sciences La Trobe University Bundoora Australia department of Veterinary Surgery and theriogenology University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria Monash Medical Research Institute Monash University Clayton Australia

The Dictyostelium discoideum AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) snfA subcellular localization was studied in AX2 and stable HPF strains by use of AMPK antipeptide antibody and goat anti-rabbit Alexa-Flour 488-conjugated IgG antibody. The AMPK exhibited cytosolic localization patterns and uniform focalised concentrations in wild type and the strains alike. Constitutive activation and attenuation of the α subunit expression did not affect subcellular distribution of AMPK. However, snfA expression was more intense in strains in which AMPK was constitutively active compared with the AX2 but lesser in attenuation strains. The localisation of the snfA reinforced the putative standing that it had a plethora of cytoplasmic functions. Moreover, the oxidative cellular function would require a ubiquitous system and might coordinately regulate responses to metabolic requirements. Furthermore, the developmental phases of the life cycle would support the cytosolic localization;and since organelles were potentially reorganized or removed entirely during the transition from vegetative living to fruiting body morphology. This study provided insight into the subcellular distribution of AMPK in Dictyostelium discoideum. We demonstrated that AMPK localization was steady in AX2 and derived strains whether constitutively active or anti-sense inhibited depicting extreme genetic states.

关键词： AMPK α Subunit Dictyostelium discoideum Subcellular Localisation AX2 Mitochondrial Assay

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreak at Bageshwori Gaushala,Chitwan,Nepal

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第6期8卷 406-411页

作者： Milan Kandel Sachin Regmi Bablu Thakur Ramchandra Acharya Krishna Kaphle Faculty of Animal Science Veterinary Science and FisheriesAgriculture and Forestry UniversityBharatpur Metropolitan-15ChitwanNepal department of theriogenology Institute of Agriculture and Animal SciencesTribhuvan UniversityKhairehani Municipality-1ChitwanNepal

Cow being the national animal of Nepal has special place in the society.Religious institutions have since prehistoric time reared and cared for cattle herds and the tradition still continues.The Bageshwori Gaushala(cow shelter),initiated by the Hindu Rastraguru Yogi Narhaharinath in mid-1990s is one of the largest of such nucleus indigenous cattle herds in Nepal.Indigenous cattle conservation strategy of Nepal has recognized the importance of this nucleus herd,kept by grazing in the surrounding forest.Ethnoveterinary approaches of managing the herd health is in practice and vaccination was never done.Occasional outbreak did happen in past but overall the herd never suffered severe impact.In April 2018,an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)occurred at Bageshwori,Gaushala,Devghat,Bharatpur Metropolitan-1,Chitwan district of Nepal.In the bovine herd studied,80(53.33%)out of 150 affected animals presented characteristics FMD symptoms as vesicular lesions,drooling salivation,foot lameness,high fever and weakness.Following prompt supportive treatment,the condition improved.The complete recovery of infected herd was observed after 45 d.Laboratory analysis showed the presence of Aphthovirus serotype O in the clinical sample.The present study attempts to provide fresh insights into the recent FMD outbreak,clinical signs,their effective treatment protocol and preventive measures that must be practiced following FMD outbreak.

关键词： Aphthovirus foot-and-mouth disease outbreak serotype O.

Effect of Storage Time on Cauda Epididymal Sperm Parameters of Nigerian Local Dogs

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2017年第11期7卷 151-161页

作者： Uchenna Macnissi Chima Adakole Hyacinth Abu Philip Makama Dawuda Aboh Iku Kisani Terzungwe Ahemen department of Veterinary Physiology Pharmacology and Biochemistry College of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria department of Veterinary Surgery and theriogenology College of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria department of Animal Breeding and Physiology College of Animal Science Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

Aim: Storage of testes-epididymides at refrigeration temperature is a promising method of short-term sperm preservation for use in reproductive biotechnology in dogs. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage time at 4°C on the quality of Nigerian local dogs’ cauda epididymal spermatozoa recovered post-castration. Materials and Methods: Testes along with their epididymides collected immediately after castration of local dogs were either processed immediately (0th hour) or stored at 4°C in the refrigerator for 12th, 24th or 48th hours and then processed. Each storage group comprised 5 pairs of testes-epididymides. Sperm motility, concentration, livability, acrosome integrity and morphology from the various storage groups were evaluated and means with standard error of the mean (±SEM) were recorded. Results: Mean percent sperm motility at 0th hour (77.0 ± 2.6) decreased significantly (p 0.05) was found when the mean sperm concentrations (×107/ml) of the storage groups (5.86 ± 47, 5.24 ± 26 and 5.38 ± 31) were compared with the control (6.48 ± 0.75). Mean percent sperm livability did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between the 0th, 12th, 24th and 48th hour groups (86.4 ± 1.5, 78.0 ± 3.1 and 75.0 ± 1.8 respectively). However, there was a significant decrease (p 0.05) was detected in the mean percent acrosome integrity between the 0th, 12th, 24th and 48th hour groups (90.0 ± 1.5, 83.0 ± 3.5, 84.6 ± 4.6 and 82.2 ± 3.9 respectively). A significant increase (p Conclusion: The current study has shown that viable spermatozoa can be recovered after 48 hours of storage at 4°C of the cauda epididymides of Nigerian local dogs.

关键词： Castration Testes Epididymides Nigerian Local Dogs Spermatozoa

Histomorphometry of the Testes, Epididymides, and Spermatozoa of Four Indigenous Breeds of Bulls in Ibadan, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2021年第9期11卷 299-306页

作者： Ayodeji Ayotunde Oni Matthew Olugbenga Oyeyemi Joseph Atawalna School of Veterinary Medicine College of Basic and Applied Sciences University of Ghana Legon-Accra Ghana department of theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria School of Veterinary Medicine Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Forty testicles were used to carry out histomorphometry study on the testes, epididymides and spermatozoa of four indigenous breeds of bull found in Ibadan (Red Bororo (RB), Sokoto Gudali (SG), White Fulani (WF) and Dhali (DL)). The testicles were harvested immediately after the slaughter at the Bodija abattoir and transported to the laboratory in an insulated flask containing warm water at 37°C within 30 minutes. In the laboratory, the samples were dissected and histological sections of the right testis, right and left caudal epididymides taken from two bulls in each group. The tissues were fixed in Bouin’s fluid. They were processed in an automatic tissue processor, embedded in paraffin wax using the embedding system (Leica EG 1160) and sectioned with microtome at 4 microns. The sections were then stained by Haematoxylin and Eosin method and mounted and examined under a microscope. There was no significant difference between breed and seminiferous tubular diameter (STD) and testicular germinal height (TGEH). The mean STD ranged from 223.00 ± 28.35 to 316.00 ± 37.70 μm, while the TGEH ranged from 81.60 ± 10.05 to 89.80 ± 4.83 μm. The mean epididymal tubular diameters (ETD) and epididymal lumen diameters (ELD) had the highest value of 378.00 ± 10.95 and 298.20 ± 26.0489 μm in DL and lowest of 373.80 ± 37.70 and 278.10 ± 27.71 μm in RB, respectively. The mean epididymal germinal epithelia heights (EGEH) were highest (61.20 ± 5.70 μm) in WF and lowest (39.80 ± 0.86 μm) in RB. The mean sperm head length (SHL), sperm midpiece length (SMPL), sperm tail length (STL) and sperm total length (TL) had the highest values of 5.90 ± 0.10, 8.80 ± 0.25, 24.20 ± 2.59 and 38.90 ± 2.94 μm, respectively in SG. SHL and SMPL were lowest in DL bulls (5.00 ± 0.00 and 6.30 ± 0.20 μm), while STL and TL were lowest (18.90 ± 0.24

关键词： Histomorphometry Testes Epididymis Spermatozoa Indigenous Bull

Comparison of Oestrous Synchronization Response and Pregnancy Rate of Village Cows Following Timed Artificial Insemination in KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo Provinces

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2016年第1期6卷 9-15页

作者： Ayanda Maqhashu Masindi L. Mphaphathi Mokgadi M. Seshoka Fhulufhelo V. Ramukhithi Frans L. Seolwana Matshidiso B. Masenya Thivhilaheli R. Netshirovha Mohleko H. Mapeka Nkhanedzeni B. Nengovhela Noel L. Kanuya Voster Muchenje Tshimangadzo L. Nedambale Agricultural Research Council Animal Production Institute Irene RSA department of Livestock and Pasture Sciences University of Fort Hare Alice RSA department of Veterinary Surgery and theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania department of Animal Wildlife and Grassland Sciences University of the Free State Bloemfontein RSA department of Animal Sciences Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria RSA

The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the estrous response and pregnancy rate following timed artificial insemination (TAI) with frozen-thawed semen in cows. The study was carried out in cows at different villages of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN;n = 160) and Limpopo provinces (L;n = 171). Cows were selected randomly as presented by the farmers, regardless of parity, age, breed and body weight following pregnancy diagnosis. The cows were grouped according to breed type and body condition score (BCS) on a scale of 1-5. Selected cows were inserted a controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR®) and removed on day 8, followed by administration of prostaglandin. Heat was observed on day 9 with the aid of heat mount detectors (HMD) that were placed on the individual cow’s tail head. Cows on heat were then inseminated twice at 12 hours interval. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by an ultrasound scanner and rectal palpation 90 days after TAI. Data were analyzed using SAS 2006. Estrous responses were 100% in KZN and 99% in Limpopo. The lowest pregnancy rate was recorded in Brahman and Bonsmara type cows with BCS ≤ 2.5 regardless of province. Interestingly, Nguni type cows with BCS ≤ 2.5 had higher average pregnancy rate of 59.5% in Limpopo and 53.5% in KZN. However, cows with BCS ≥ 3 had better pregnancy rate regardless of breed type and province. In conclusion, village cows can be synchronized successfully and inseminated with frozen-thawed semen. However, pregnancy rates are low in cows with lower body condition. Village Nguni type cows were not affected by body condition scoring as they had higher and similar pregnancy rate as those that had body condition of ≥3.

关键词： Synchronization Village Cows Body Condition Score Pregnancy Diagnosis

Dystocia due to schistosomus reflexus(cojoined twins)in a Yankassa ewe

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第4期3卷 333-335页

作者： Ambali Hauwa Motunrayo Nwoha Rosemary Ijeoma Ogechi Garba Danjuma Bire Kantiyok Josiah Tagwai Omamegbe Joseph Omolathebu MABS Veterinary centre Ltd.Km 23 Badagry expressway Lagos StateNigeria department of Veterinary Medicine Michael Okpara University of AgricultureUmudikeNigeria Veterinary Council of Nigeria 8 Zambezi CrescentMaitamaAbujaFCTNigeria department of Vetereinary Surgery and theriogenology University of AbujaAbujaNigeria

A two years'old,white and brown Yankassa ewe,weighing 20 kg was presented with dystocia of about 48 h duration at Mabs Veterinary Centre Ltd,Lagos.On thorough physical and vaginal examination,there were evidences of feotal parts and foul smelling discharges per vagina.A systematic and calculated traction and retropulsion revealed schistosomus reflexus cojoined twins.There was a complete recovery of the ewe 3 days post operative management.Finally,this case reported a true schistosomus reflexus cojoined twins in Yankassa ewe which was successfully relieved through traction and retropulsion despite the supposedly small birth canal which precluded the procedure in ewes except for caesarian section or fetotomy.

关键词： Dystocia Schistosomus reflexus Cojoined twins Monstrosity Ewe

A cryptic mitochondrial DNA link between North European and West African dogs

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第3期44卷 163-170页

作者： Adeniyi C.Adeola Sheila C.Ommeh Jiao-Jiao Song S.Charles Olaogun Oscar J.Sanke Ting-Ting Yin Guo-Dong Wang Shi-Fang Wu Zhong-Yin Zhou Jacqueline K.Lichoti Bernard R.Agwanda Philip M.Dawuda Robert W.Murphy Min-Sheng Peng Ya-Ping Zhang State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China Animal Biotechnology Group Institute of Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi 00200 Kenya Institute of Health Sciences Anhui University Hefei 230601 China department of Veterinary Medicine University of Ibadan lbadan 200284 Nigeria Taraba State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources Jalingo 660221 Nigeria department of Molecular and Cell Biology School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technoloooy of China Hefei 230026 China State department of Livestock Ministry o.f Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries Nairobi 00100 Kenya department of Zoology National Museums of Kenya Nairobi 00100 Kenya department of Veterinary Surgery and theriogenology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Agriculture Makurdi Makurdi 972261 Nigeria Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biolo-gy Royal Ontario Museurn Toronto MSS 2C6 Canada State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utiiizati＇on of Bio-Resources Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China

Domestic dogs have an ancient origin and a long history in Africa. Nevertheless, the timing and sources of their introduction into Africa remain enigmatic. Herein, we analyse variation in mitochondrial DNA（mt DNA） D-loop sequences from 345 Nigerian and 37 Kenyan village dogs plus 1530 published sequences of dogs from other parts of Africa, Europe and West Asia. All Kenyan dogs can be assigned to one of three haplogroups（matrilines; clades）： A, B, and C, while Nigerian dogs can be assigned to one of four haplogroups A, B, C, and D. None of the African dogs exhibits a matrilineal contribution from the African wolf（Canis lupus lupaster）. The genetic signal of a recent demographic expansion is detected in Nigerian dogs from West Africa. The analyses of mitochondrial genomes reveal a maternal genetic link between modern West African and North European dogs indicated by sub-haplogroup D1（but not the entire haplogroup D） coalescing around 12,000 years ago. Incorporating molecular anthropological evidence,we propose that sub-haplogroup D1 in West African dogs could be traced back to the late-glacial dispersals, potentially associated with human hunter-gatherer migration from southwestern Europe.

关键词： Dog Mitochondrial DNA Africa Haplogroup D Late-glacial dispersal Hybridization

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日本的牛胚胎移植及其相关技术

草食家畜 1992年第S1期 24-24页

作者： Hiroshi Kanagawa 顾文艺 Professor department of theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido University Sapporo(060)Japan

最近几年来,日本的胚胎移植(ET)取得了长足的进步。其他相关技术如冷冻保存、体外受精和胚胎操作等研究也在积极地进行。

关键词：胚胎移植体外受精相关技术冷冻保存显微外科技术受体牛劳动力成本黑白花生产成本研究中心