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Determination of the ovine ovarian reserve during the prenatal and neonatal periods

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2023年第4期12卷 194-200页

作者： Isam B.Sharum department of Surgery and theriogenology College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MosulMosulIraq

Objective:To determine the ovine ovarian histomorphology and follicular staging at various age periods in Awassi breed.Methods:Ovaries were collected from prenatal fetuses[gestational age(95±5)days],neonatal(day 0),and prepubertal ewe lambs(two and four months of age);each age group included six animals.Ovaries(n=12,each group)were dissected and processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining.Stained sections(n=24,each group)were imaged and utilized for histomorphology assessment,follicle measurement,and classification.Results:Prenatal ovaries were mainly enriched with primordial follicles accompanied by a lower proportion of primary follicles.In addition to primordial and primary follicles,neonatal ovaries demonstrated a proportion of centrally located multilayered and antral follicles.In comparison with neonatal ovaries,the proportion of multilayered and antral follicles was significantly higher in the ovaries of two-month-old lambs;conversely,the proportion of peripherally situated primordial follicles dramatically declined compared to that of earlier age of lamb.Although there was no statistical variation in the sizes of primordial follicles across groups,the mean diameter of the primary follicle in the prenatal ovaries was substantially smaller than in postnatal ovaries.Compared to the neonatal ovaries,the size of the multilayered and antral follicles in the prepubertal ovaries was substantially larger.Conclusions:The earliest follicular developmental stages were established prenatally whereas the advanced growth stages started in the neonatal period and greatly increased in the prepubertal period.

关键词： Prenatal ovine ovary Prepubertal ovine ovary Ovarian histomorphology Immature ewe lamb ovary Ovine ovarian reserve Follicle staging Ovarian follicular growth

Oxytocin improves testicular blood flow without enhancing the steroidogenic activity in Baladi goats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第5期11卷 223-230页

作者： Mohamed G.Hedia Amr S.El-Shalofy Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineCairo UniversityGiza 12211Egypt

Objective:To investigate the effects of a single oxytocin injection on plasma steroid concentrations,testicular blood flow measures(resistive and pulsatility indexes),and testicular echogenicity in Baladi goats.Methods:Twelve Baladi goat bucks were randomly allocated into 2 groups and received an intravenous injection of either 0.7 IU/kg oxytocin or normal saline 0.9%.Venous blood samples were collected,and testicular blood flow Doppler parameters(i.e.,peak systolic velocity,end-diastolic velocity,time average maximum velocity,resistive index,and pulsatility index)were assessed for supratesticular arteries in the left and right testes immediately before(0),and at 5,30,60,and 120 min after injection.Results:Plasma concentrations of testosterone significantly decreased in the oxytocin group at 60 min post-treatment compared to the control group,whereas plasma concentrations of estradiol-17βwere not affected(P>0.05).Both resistive index and pulsatility index declined in the oxytocin group at 60 min post-treatment compared to the control group(P<0.05).Testicular pixel intensity increased at 30 min post-treatment in the oxytocin group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:Oxytocin treatment significantly increases testicular blood flow and decreases plasma testosterone concentrations in male Baladi goats.

关键词： Bucks Blood flow Doppler Estradiol-17β Goat Oxytocin Testicular artery Testosterone

Oestrous cycle of Wistar rats altered by sterol and triterpenes rich fraction of Adansonia digitata (Linn) root bark - A scientific rationale for contraceptive use

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第2期8卷 75-82页

作者： Chibuogwu Ijeoma Chika Nwannenna Agnes Ifeyinwa Ubah Simon Azubuike Ogwu David Department of Theriogenology and Production Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaKaduna StateNigeria Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of AbujaFederal Capital TerritoryNigeria

Objective: To investigate the effect of different fractions from the aqueous methanolic root bark of Adansonia digitata (Linn) on the estrous cycle of female Wistar rats and to elucidate their phytochemical content. Methods: Crude aqueous methanol extract of Adansonia digitata (Linn) root bark was fractionated by column chromatography using various ratios of hexane, acetyl acetate, methanol and distilled water. Fractions with similar trails on a thin layer chromatography were pooled into four fractions. Each fraction was then screened for its phytochemical content. Forty mature Wistar female rats weighing (135±28) g with regular estrous cycles were given each fraction at two dose levels while a control group received distilled water of equal volume. Treatments were given per os for 15 days starting from the day of estrus. Vaginal smears were observed daily for the duration of each cycle, frequency of occurrence of each stage of the estrous cycle and number of cycles for 15 days before and during treatment. At the end of treatment, rats were humanely sacrificed. Ovaries and uteri were weighed and processed for histopathology. Results: Hexane acetyl acetate and acetyl acetate methanol fractions at 150 mg/kg body weight and 300 mg/kg body weight prolonged the occurrence of proestrus and diestrus and produced atretic cyst-like ovaries at 300 mg/kg body weight. Acetyl acetate methanol treated rats also had low relative ovarian weights when compared to the control. Conclusions: Sterols and triterpenes in hexane acetyl acetate and acetyl acetate methanol fractions of the root bark may be responsible for the disruption of estrous cycle in female Wistar rats and may have a contraceptive effect.

关键词： Proestrus Diestrus Adansonia digitata (Linn) Root bark Contraception

Hemodynamic changes in arterial flow velocities throughout the first six months of pregnancy in buffalo heifers by Doppler ultrasonography

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2020年第4期9卷 204-210页

作者： Elshymaa A.Abdelnaby theriogenology department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University Giza Egypt

Objective: To assess blood flow parameters as well as Doppler indices at the first six months of pregnancy in buffalo heifers. Methods: A total of 15 healthy, cycling, buffalo heifers were examined twice per month. Examination of Doppler ultrasonography started from the first month till the sixth months of pregnancy. All animals were subjected to transrectal Doppler ultrasonography to assess ovarian and uterine blood flow. Resistance index, pulsatility index, peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and blood flow rate were measured of both ipsilateral and contralateral to the fetus side. Results: The resistance index was positively correlated with the pulsatility index (r=0.62, P<0.01) but negatively correlated with all other parameters. For both ovarian and uterine arteries ipsilateral and contralateral to the fetus, there was a reduction in the resistance index, with a significant increase (P<0.01) in peak systolic and end diastolic velocities in both ovarian and uterine arteries. The peak systolic and end diastolic velocities of the ipsilateral ovarian and uterine arteries increased linearly till the six months of pregnancy with increased growth demands of the fetus. The same for the uterine branch of the ovarian artery was done in the middle uterine artery and umbilical artery ipsilateral to the fetus side. Conclusions: This study provides reference data of the hemodynamic changes in both ovarian and uterine arteries that could be a valuable tool to evaluate all hemodynamic changes in the developing placenta/fetus. Transrectal Doppler ultrasonography proves to be a useful non-invasive method to assess utero-ovarian blood flow during pregnancy.

关键词： Uterine Doppler Pregnancy Ovarian artery Umbilical cord

Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels,and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第4期11卷 193-200页

作者： Elshymaa A.Abdelnaby Ibrahim A.Emam Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineCairo UniversityEgypt department of Surgery and RadiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineCairo UniversityGizaEgypt

Objective:To assess the hemodynamic changes that occurred in the main testicular artery at two different locations such as supra and marginal ones in bulls at three different ages.Methods:Eighteen Baladi bulls were divided according to their age into three different age groups:1 year[n=6;groupⅠwith bodyweight(380±10)kg],3 years[n=6;groupⅡwith bodyweight(570±10)kg],and 6 years old[n=6;groupⅢwith bodyweight(650±10)kg]Baladi bulls.Circumference of the scrotum,thickness of the mediastinum,testicular dimensions,vascularity,and hormonal levels were measured.Testicular hemodynamics were assessed by Doppler ultrasound scanning.Results:Testicular width,length,and volume were significantly different among the three age groups,with the highest in bulls of groupⅢ(P<0.05).The bulls in groupⅢhad significantly higher mediastinal line thickness and scrotal circumference than groupⅠ(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between groupⅡand groupⅢ.Bulls in groupⅡshowed a decline in Doppler indices(resistance and pulsatility indexes)at both testicular branches compared to the other two groups(P<0.05).Supra and marginal end diastolic velocities in the three age groups were significantly different,with the highest in groupⅡ(P<0.05).Time average velocity(cm/s)was significantly elevated in groupⅡcompared to the other two groups(P<0.05).Both testicular echotextures were significantly decreased in groupⅡ(P<0.05).Estradiol and nitric oxide metabolites were significantly high in groupⅡcompared to the other two groups(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the level of plasma testosterone was maximum in groupⅢ(P<0.05).Positive correlations were found between supratesticular artery resistance and pulsatility indexes(r=0.81;P<0.001),while both resistance and pulsatility indexes had correlated negative with estradiol(r=-0.71 and r=-0.91;P<0.001),and nitric oxide metabolites(r=-0.92 and r=-0.72;P<0.001).Conclusions:Three-year old Baladi bull has the lesser Doppler indices with lesser echotexture and greater nitric oxide with estradiol concentrations,which d

关键词： Bull Doppler indices End diastolic velocity Estradiol Testicular blood flow Resistance index Pulsatility index

Activity of transaminase enzyme and testosterone hormone in blood of Awassi rams during different season

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第5期6卷 217-220页

作者： Souhayla Oneeis Hussain KreemIwaid AL Badry Sadeq Jaafer Zalzala Ahmed M M Zakri Department of Theriogenology College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BaghdadIraq

Objective:To monitor the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) enzymes and testosterone hormone in months and seasons of Iraq.Methods: In this experiment, 20 (2.0-3.5 years old) Iraqi Awassi rams were used which were housed in semi opened shade. Blood samples (2-3 mL) were collected once a week for over period 12 mo. AST and ALT activities were measured by using colorimetric method, and testesterone analysis was performed with an automatic analyzer.Results: The activities of both AST and ALT enzymes were increased significantly (P<0.05) during summer, on monthly basis, June showed the significantly highest value (P<0.05). The present study revealed that testosterone in autumn and summer was recorded significantly highest (P<0.05) in comparison with other seasons and on monthly basis the significant (P<0.05) highest level of testosterone was found between September and August months.Conclusions: AST and ALT enzymes are the highest during summer, and on monthly basis they are the highest in June, while testosterone level is recorded highest in autumn season, and on monthly basis November shows the highest value.

关键词： Transaminase enzyme Testosterone Awassi rams Season

INRA82 extender enhances semen quality in ram under cooled and cryopreserved stages

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第2期11卷 100-104页

作者： Aya M.Fadl Elshymaa A.Abdelnaby Hossam R.El-Sherbiny theriogenology department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineCairo UniversityEgypt

Objective:To investigate the effect of INRA82 extender on ram semen quality preserved in cooled and frozen conditions in comparison with Tris-based extenders and to select the suitable extender for ram semen preservation.Methods:Semen samples were collected and pooled from Awassi rams(n=5)and divided into three aliquots.Each aliquot was diluted with one of the following extenders:(1)Tris-citrate glucose,(2)Triscitrate fructose,and (3)INRA-82.For liquid storage,diluted samples were kept at 5℃ for 72 h.Progressive motility was measured at 0,24,48 and 72 h after cooling.Besides,viability,morphology,membrane,acrosome and DNA integrities were evaluated at 24 h post-cooling.For cryopreservation,diluted samples were cooled,equilibrated,loaded and frozen in liquid nitrogen.Thawed samples were evaluated in the same manner as cooled conditions.Results:Seminal characteristics were improved after cooling and thawing in samples diluted with INRA-82 compared to those diluted with Tris-citrate glucose or Tris-citrate fructose(P<0.05).Conclusions:Dilution of ram semen with INRA-82 improves semen parameters.Hence,INRA-82,as a stimulating diluent,can be successfully used to reserve viability and sustainability of cooled and cryopreserved ram semen.

关键词： Cryopreservation Dilution INRA-82 Ram Tris-citrate glucose Tris-citrate fructose

Non-ischemic priapism in dog: Case report

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2018年第1期7卷 47-48页

作者： El-Sherry TM Abdel-Ghani MA Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Laboratory of theriogenology Department of Clinical SciencesDivision of Veterinary MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan

Bulldog with unilateral cryptorchidism was admitted to our clinic suffering from a persistent erection for 2 d. The animal was left for the first time for breeding without observation. Penis was hyperaemic, oedematous with area of mucous membrane necrosis and swollen bulbus glandis. Doppler ultrasound was optimized to allow adequate recognition of blood flow sensitive for slow flow on the head, shaft of the penis and bulbus glandis. Penis showed unsymmetrical blood flow that started in the left side of the bulbus glandis, and continue to the shaft until the gland penis;whereas, the other half of the penis showed no blood flow. Using Doppler ultrasonography was useful for diagnosis of the blood flow pattern that was beneficial to give the appropriate treatment.

关键词： Dog Priapism Doppler

Effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on the oestrous cycle of rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2023年第3期12卷 124-130页

作者： Hafsat Yazeed Idris Adewale Ayodeji Adeyeye Emmanuel Busayo Ibitoye Millicent Ladi Umaru Department of Theriogenology and Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria

Objective:To determine the effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on the oestrous cycle of rats.Methods:Fifteen adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups.Group A served as the control group,while groups B and C received 250 and 500 mg/kg of glyphosate-based herbicide orally for five oestrous cycles,respectively.Stages of oestrous cycle,oestrous cycle index,length of cycle,oestrous cycle ratio,serum estradiol and progesterone levels were determined.Results:The proestrus and oestrus stages of the glyphosate-based herbicide groups increased significantly(P<0.05),although proestrus in group C was not significantly different from the control group.There was a significant decrease in the metestrus and diestrus of the glyphosate-based herbicide groups(P<0.05).The oestrous cycle index of the glyphosate-based herbicide treated groups was altered;this was characterized by an increase in the oestrous index and a decrease in the metestrus and diestrus indexes.The proestrus index of group B increased,while that of group C decreased.The length of the cycle of the glyphosate-based herbicide groups significantly decreased from the 1st and 3rd week till the end of the study in groups B and C,respectively(P<0.05).There was a significant increase in the oestrous cycle ratio of the glyphosate-based herbicide groups compared to the control group(P<0.05).Though the estradiol and progesterone levels of the glyphosate-based herbicide groups increased and decreased,respectively,they were not significantly different from the control group.Conclusions:Glyphosate-based herbicide at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg can alter the pattern of the oestrous cycle in rats.

关键词： Estrogen Glyphosate-based herbicide Oestrous cycle Oestrus Progesterone