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Stiffness-tunable biomaterials provide a good extracellular matrix environment for axon growth and regeneration

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1364-1376页

作者： Ronglin Han Lanxin Luo Caiyan Wei Yaru Qiao Jiming Xie Xianchao Pan Juan Xing department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina

Neuronal growth, extension, branching, and formation of neural networks are markedly influenced by the extracellular matrix—a complex network composed of proteins and carbohydrates secreted by cells. In addition to providing physical support for cells, the extracellular matrix also conveys critical mechanical stiffness cues. During the development of the nervous system, extracellular matrix stiffness plays a central role in guiding neuronal growth, particularly in the context of axonal extension, which is crucial for the formation of neural networks. In neural tissue engineering, manipulation of biomaterial stiffness is a promising strategy to provide a permissive environment for the repair and regeneration of injured nervous tissue. Recent research has fine-tuned synthetic biomaterials to fabricate scaffolds that closely replicate the stiffness profiles observed in the nervous system. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms by which extracellular matrix stiffness regulates axonal growth and regeneration. We highlight the progress made in the development of stiffness-tunable biomaterials to emulate in vivo extracellular matrix environments, with an emphasis on their application in neural repair and regeneration, along with a discussion of the current limitations and future prospects. The exploration and optimization of the stiffness-tunable biomaterials has the potential to markedly advance the development of neural tissue engineering.

关键词： alginate axon growth biomaterials extracellular matrix neural repair neurons neuroregeneration polyacrylamide polydimethylsiloxane stiffness

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Movement analysis in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 485-486页

作者： Johannes Burtscher Nicolas Bourdillon Jules MJanssen Daalen Aurélien Patoz Julien FBally Martin Kopp Davide Malatesta Bastiaan RBloem Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Radboud University Medical Center Department of NeurologyDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviorCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersNijmegenThe Netherlands Radboud University Medical Center Department of Medical BioSciencesNijmegenThe Netherlands Research and Development department Volodalen Swiss Sport LabAigleSwitzerland Service of Neurology Department of Clinical NeurosciencesLausanne University Hospital(CHUV)and University of Lausanne(UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria

Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disease,at first sight primarily characterized by motor symptoms,although non-motor symptoms also constitute a major part of the overall ***,this disease cannot be diagnosed reliably until a large part of the vulnerable dopaminergic neurons has been irretrievably lost,and the disease progresses *** biological criteria for PD have been proposed recently and might eventually improve early diagnosis,but they require further validation,and their use will initially be restricted to a research environment(Darweesh et al.,2024).

关键词： diagnosis Clinical eventually

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Three-Stage Transfer Learning with AlexNet50 for MRI Image Multi-Class Classification with Optimal Learning Rate

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 155-183页

作者： Suganya Athisayamani A.Robert Singh Gyanendra Prasad Joshi Woong Cho School of Computing Sastra Deemed to be UniversityThanjavur613401India department of Computational Intelligence SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India department of AI and Software Engineering Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Republic of Korea department of Electronics Information and Communication EngineeringKangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Republic of Korea

In radiology,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is an essential diagnostic tool that provides detailed images of a patient’s anatomical and physiological *** is particularly effective for detecting soft tissue ***,radiologists manually interpret these images,which can be labor-intensive and time-consuming due to the vast amount of *** address this challenge,machine learning,and deep learning approaches can be utilized to improve the accuracy and efficiency of anomaly detection in MRI *** manuscript presents the use of the Deep AlexNet50 model for MRI classification with discriminative learning *** are three stages for learning;in the first stage,the whole dataset is used to learn the *** the second stage,some layers of AlexNet50 are frozen with an augmented dataset,and in the third stage,AlexNet50 with an augmented dataset with the augmented *** method used three publicly available MRI classification datasets:Harvard whole brain atlas(HWBA-dataset),the School of Biomedical Engineering of Southern Medical University(SMU-dataset),and The National Institute of Neuroscience and Hospitals brain MRI dataset(NINS-dataset)for *** hyperparameter optimizers like Adam,stochastic gradient descent(SGD),Root mean square propagation(RMS prop),Adamax,and AdamW have been used to compare the performance of the learning ***-dataset registers maximum classification *** evaluated the performance of the proposed classification model using several quantitative metrics,achieving an average accuracy of 98%.

关键词： MRI tumors classification AlexNet50 transfer learning hyperparameter tuning optimizer

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Induced neural stem cells regulate microglial activation through Akt-mediated upregulation of CXCR4 and Crry in a mouse model of closed head injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1416-1430页

作者： Mou Gao Qin Dong Dan Zou Zhijun Yang Lili Guo Ruxiang Xu department of Neurosurgery Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina department of Neurosurgery Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina department of Neurology Fu Xing HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Microglial activation that occurs rapidly after closed head injury may play important and complex roles in neuroinflammation-associated neuronal damage and *** previously reported that induced neural stem cells can modulate the behavior of activated microglia via CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling,influencing their activation such that they can promote neurological ***,the mechanism of CXCR4 upregulation in induced neural stem cells remains *** this study,we found that nuclear factor-κB activation induced by closed head injury mouse serum in microglia promoted CXCL12 and tumor necrosis factor-αexpression but suppressed insulin-like growth factor-1 ***,recombinant complement receptor 2-conjugated Crry(CR2-Crry)reduced the effects of closed head injury mouse serum-induced nuclear factor-κB activation in microglia and the levels of activated microglia,CXCL12,and tumor necrosis factor-α.Additionally,we observed that,in response to stimulation(including stimulation by CXCL12 secreted by activated microglia),CXCR4 and Crry levels can be upregulated in induced neural stem cells via the interplay among CXCL12/CXCR4,Crry,and Akt signaling to modulate microglial *** agreement with these in vitro experimental results,we found that Akt activation enhanced the immunoregulatory effects of induced neural stem cell grafts on microglial activation,leading to the promotion of neurological recovery via insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion and the neuroprotective effects of induced neural stem cell grafts through CXCR4 and Crry upregulation in the injured cortices of closed head injury ***,these beneficial effects of Akt activation in induced neural stem cells were positively correlated with the therapeutic effects of induced neural stem cells on neuronal injury,cerebral edema,and neurological disorders post–closed head *** conclusion,our findings reveal that Akt activation may enhance the immunoregulatory effects of induced neura

关键词： Akt signaling cerebral edema closed head injury Crry CXCR4 induced neural stem cell microglia neuroinflammation

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Structural designs and mechanism insights into electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 792-814页

作者： Jing Lei Huijie Zhang Jian Yang Jia Ran Jiqiang Ning Haiyan Wang Yong Hu Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua Advanced Research Institute department of Optical Science and Engineering Fudan University College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Zhejiang A&F University

Biomass conversion offers an efficient approach to alleviate the energy and environmental *** oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) has attracted tremendous attention in the latest few years for the mild synthesis conditions and high conversion efficiency to obtain 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid(FDCA), but there still remain problems such as limited yield, short cycle life,and ambiguous reaction mechanism. Despite many reviews highlighting a variety of electrocatalysts for electrochemical oxidation of HMF, a detailed discussion of the structural modulation of catalyst and the underlying catalytic mechanism is still lacking. We herein provide a comprehensive summary of the recent development of electrochemical oxidation of HMF to FDCA, particularly focusing on the mechanism studies as well as the advanced strategies developed to regulate the structure and optimize the performance of the electrocatalysts, including heterointerface construction, defect engineering,single-atom engineering, and in situ reconstruction. Experimental characterization techniques and theoretical calculation methods for mechanism and active site studies are elaborated, and challenges and future directions of electrochemical oxidation of HMF are also prospected. This review will provide guidance for designing advanced catalysts and deepening the understanding of the reaction mechanism beneath electrochemical oxidation of HMF to FDCA.

关键词： Structural design

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Impact of Pollutant Concentration and Particle Deposition on the Radiative Flow of Casson-Micropolar Fluid between Parallel Plates

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 665-690页

作者： Ghaliah Alhamzi Badr Saad T.Alkahtani Ravi Shanker Dubey Vinutha Kalleshachar Neelima Nizampatnam department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11564Saudi Arabia department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11989Saudi Arabia department of Mathematics Amity School of Applied SciencesAmity University RajasthanJaipur302002RajasthanIndia department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityDavangere577002India department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amrita School of EngineeringAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamBengaluru560035India

Assessing the behaviour and concentration of waste pollutants deposited between two parallel plates is essential for effective environmental *** the effectiveness of treatment methods in reducing pollution scales is made easier by analysing waste discharge *** waste discharge concentration analysis is useful for assessing how effectively wastewater treatment techniques reduce pollution *** study aims to explore the Casson micropolar fluid flow through two parallel plates with the influence of pollutant concentration and thermophoretic particle *** explore the mass and heat transport features,thermophoretic particle deposition and thermal radiation are *** governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations with the help of suitable similarity *** Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg’s fourthfifth order technique and shooting procedure are used to solve the reduced set of equations and boundary *** integration of a neural network model based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm serves to improve the accuracy of predictions and optimize the analysis of *** outcomes are displayed to analyze the characteristics of the relevant dimensionless parameters in the current *** reveal that concentration upsurges as the micropolar parameter *** concentration reduces with an upsurge in the thermophoretic *** upsurge in the external pollutant source variation and the local pollutant external source parameters enhances mass *** surface drag force declines for improved values of porosity and micropolar parameters.

关键词： Micropolar fluid thermal radiation porous medium thermophoretic particle deposition waste discharge concentration

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“One stone, two birds”: Salt template enabling porosity engineering and single metal atom coordinating toward high-performance zinc-ion capacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 637-645页

作者： Chunliu Zhu Huanyu Liang Ping Li Chenglong Qiu Jingyi Wu Jingwei Chen Weiqian Tian Yue Zhu Zhi Li Huanlei Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta

Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors （ZIHCs） have received increasing attention as energy storage devices owing to their low cost,high safety,and environmental ***,their progress has been hampered by low energy and power density,as well as unsatisfactory long-cycle stability,mainly due to the lack of suitable electrode *** this context,we have developed manganese single atoms implanted in nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets （MnSAs/NCNs） using a metal salt template method as cathodes for *** metal salt serves a dual purpose in the synthesis process:It facilitates the uniform dispersion of Mn atoms within the carbon matrix and acts as an activating agent to create the porous *** applied in ZIHCs,the MnSAs/NCNs electrode demonstrates exceptional performance,including a high capacity of 203 m Ah g-1,an energy density of 138 Wh kg-1at 68 W kg-1,and excellent cycle stability with 91%retention over 10,000 *** calculations indicate that the introduced Mn atoms modulate the local charge distribution of carbon materials,thereby improving the electrochemical *** work demonstrates the significant potential of carbon materials with metal atoms in zinc-ion hybrid capacitors,not only in enhancing electrochemical performance but also in providing new insights and methods for developing high-performance energy storage devices.

关键词： Zinc ion hybrid capacitors Cathodes Carbon materials Heteroatoms Single atoms

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Integration of perioperative features and intragraft TCF7L2 expression to predict lipid metabolic disorder in liver transplant recipients

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 297-299页

作者： Junbin Zhou Rongli Wei Guanghan Fan Zhengxing Lian Xuanyu Zhang Linsong Tang Zhetuo Qi Haiyang Xie Shusen Zheng Qiang Wei Xiao Xu department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery People's Hospital of LishuiAffiliated Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryHangzhou First People's Hospital department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine department of Urology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of Liver TransplantationShulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Hangzhou Medical College Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Dear Editor, Liver transplantation(LT) is the only curative therapy for patients with endstage liver disease(He et al., 2023; Ling et al., 2022). Post-transplant hypertriglyceridemia(PTHT), which has an incidence of up to 32.8% in 6 months after LT, is one of the major post-transplant complications(Toshima et al., 2020).

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Secure Channel Estimation Using Norm Estimation Model for 5G Next Generation Wireless Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1151-1169页

作者： Khalil Ullah Song Jian Muhammad Naeem Ul Hassan Suliman Khan Mohammad Babar Arshad Ahmad Shafiq Ahmad Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyHavelianAbbottabad22500Pakistan department of Computing and Electronics Engineering Middle East CollegeMuscat124Oman department of CS&IT Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology MangHaripur22621Pakistan Industrial Engineering department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia

The emergence of next generation networks(NextG),including 5G and beyond,is reshaping the technological landscape of cellular and mobile *** networks are sufficiently scaled to interconnect billions of users and *** in academia and industry are focusing on technological advancements to achieve highspeed transmission,cell planning,and latency reduction to facilitate emerging applications such as virtual reality,the metaverse,smart cities,smart health,and autonomous *** continuously improves its network functionality to support these *** input multiple output(MIMO)technology offers spectral efficiency,dependability,and overall performance in *** article proposes a secure channel estimation technique in MIMO topology using a norm-estimation model to provide comprehensive insights into protecting NextG network components against adversarial *** technique aims to create long-lasting and secure NextG networks using this extended *** viability of MIMO applications and modern AI-driven methodologies to combat cybersecurity threats are explored in this ***,the proposed model demonstrates high performance in terms of reliability and accuracy,with a 20%reduction in the MalOut-RealOut-Diff metric compared to existing state-of-the-art techniques.

关键词： Next generation networks massive mimo communication network artificial intelligence 5G adversarial attacks channel estimation information security

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Perfluoropentane-based oxygen-loaded nanodroplets reduce microglial activation through metabolic reprogramming

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1178-1191页

作者： Wanxian Luo Chuanhui Xu Linxi Li Yunxiang Ji Yezhong Wang Yingjia Li Yongyi Ye department of Medicine Ultrasonics Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Neuroscience Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Microglia,the primary immune cells within the brain,have gained recognition as a promising therapeutic target for managing neurodegenerative diseases within the central nervous system,including Parkinson’s *** perfluorocarbon droplets have been reported to not only possess a high oxygen-carrying capacity,but also exhibit remarkable anti-inflammatory ***,the role of perfluoropentane in microglia-mediated central inflammatory reactions remains poorly *** this study,we developed perfluoropentane-based oxygen-loaded nanodroplets(PFP-OLNDs)and found that pretreatment with these droplets suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of M1-type microglia in vitro and in vivo,and suppressed microglial activation in a mouse model of Parkinson’s *** suppression led to a reduction in the inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and cell migration capacity in ***,the neurotoxic effects were mitigated,which alleviated neuronal ***,ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry showed that the anti-inflammatory effects of PFP-OLNDs mainly resulted from the modulation of microglial metabolic *** further showed that PFP-OLNDs regulated microglial metabolic reprogramming through the AKT-mTOR-HIF-1α***,our findings suggest that the novel PFP-OLNDs constructed in this study alleviate microglia-mediated central inflammatory reactions through metabolic reprogramming.

关键词： metabolic reprogramming microglia microglial migration nanotherapy neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation oxygen-loaded nanodroplets Parkinson’s disease perfluoropentane ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

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