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Phylogenetic biogeography and taxonomy of disjunctly distributed bryophytes

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Journal of systematics and Evolution 2009年第5期47卷 497-508页

作者： Jochen HEINRICHS Jrn HENTSCHEL Kathrin FELDBERG Andrea BOMBOSCH Harald SCHNEIDER department of systematic botany Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant SciencesGeorg-August-University botany department Natural History Museum

More than 200 research papers on the molecular phylogeny and phylogenetic biogeography of bryophytes have been published since the beginning of this *** papers corroborated assumptions of a complex genetic structure of morphologically circumscribed bryophytes,and raised reservations against many morphologically justified species concepts,especially within the ***,many molecular studies allowed for corrections and modifications of morphological classification *** studies reported that the phylogenetic structure of disjunctly distributed bryophyte species reflects their geographical ranges rather than morphological *** data led to new appraisals of distribution ranges and allowed for the reconstruction of refugia and migration *** ranges of bryophytes are often caused by dispersal rather than geographical *** distribution patterns of disjunct bryophytes are likely formed by processes such as short distance dispersal,rare long distance dispersal events,extinction,recolonization and diversification.

关键词： bryophytes cryptic speciation disjunctions divergence time estimates Diversity Arrays Technology DNA sequence variation isozymes molecular phylogeny.

Ethnobotanical studies of plants of Charkotli Hills, Batkhela District, Malakand, Pakistan

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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第4期4卷 539-548页

作者： BARKATULLAH Muhammad IBRAR Farrukh HUSSAIN Pharmacognosy Lab Department of BotanyUniversity of PeshawarPeshawarPakistan Center of Plant biodiversity University of PeshawarPeshawarPakistan

A survey was conducted with the aim to document the indigenous information of Charkotli Hills,Batkhela District,Malakand,*** area has rich vegetation and a high potential for ethnobotanical *** was collected on various traditional uses of 100 plants distributed over 49 families,of which 43 families were of dicot,2 of monocot,2 of pteridophyta,and 1 of *** plants have more than one local ***-six plants were found to be medicinal species,21 fruit and edible seed species,11 furniture species,18 fodder or forage species,12 vegetable species,12 fuel species,11 thatching and building species,5 hedge or fencing species,5 timber wood species,5 poisonous plants,3 species used in ketchup,2 fixed oil yielding species,2 miswak species,2 species for making sticks for cattle and defense purposes,2 species cultivated for ornamental purposes,2 species used as mehindi by girls,1 irritant species,1 species for the making of Salai(a little stick for applying‘surma’to the eyes),1 species for tanning,1 species used as refresher in milk pots,1 species giving gum used as chewing gum,and 1 species used as insect *** area is under heavy pressure of deforestation and overgrazing,which have reduced the regeneration of woody *** ecological manage-ment is required to protect the wildlife and ethnobotanical resources for the coming generations.

关键词： ethnobotanical information Charkotli Hills deforestation ecological management

A new type of cell related to organ movement for selfing in plants

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 190-203页

作者： Yin-Zheng Wang Yan-Xiang Lin Qi Liu Jing Liu Spencer C.H.Barrett State Key Laboratory of systematic and Evolutionary botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences China National Botanical Garden College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto

Many plants employ osmotic and hydrostatic pressure to generate movement for survival,but little is known about the cellular mechanisms ***,we report a new cell type in angiosperms termed ’contractile cells’ in the stigmas of the flowering plant Chirita pumila with a much-expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER).Cryo-scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that the RER is continuously distributed throughout the entirety of cells,confirmed by endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-specific fluorescent labeling,and is distinct from the common feature of plant *** RER is water-sensitive and extremely elongated with water *** show that the contractile cells drive circadian stigma closing-bending movements in response to day-to-night moisture ***-seq analyses demonstrated that contractile cells have distinct molecular ***,multiple microstructural changes in stigma movements convert an anti-selfing structure into a device promoting selfing—a unique cellular mechanism of reproductive adaptation for uncertain pollination environments.

关键词： stigma movement rough endoplasmic reticulum contractile cells circadian moisture changes reproductive transition

Development of genomic resources for the genus Celtis (Cannabaceae) based on genome skimming data

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Plant Diversity 2021年第1期43卷 43-53页

作者： Luxian Liu Yonghua Zhang Pan Li Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475000China Laboratory of systematic&Evolutionary botany and biodiversity College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China College of Life and Environmental Sciences Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou325035China

Celtis is a Cannabaceae genus of 60e70 species of trees,or rarely shrubs,commonly known as *** woody genus consists of very valuable forest plants that provide important wildlife habitat for birds and *** previous studies have identified its phylogenetic position,interspecific relationships within Celtis remain *** this study,we generated genome skimming data from five Celtis species to analyze phylogenetic relationships within the genus and develop genome *** plastomes of Celtis ranged in length from 158,989 bp to 159,082 bp,with a typical angiosperm quadripartite structure,and encoded a total of 132 genes with 20 duplicated in the *** analyses showed that plastome content and structure were relatively *** plastomes showed no signs of gene loss,translocations,inversions,or genome *** plastid hotspot regions(trnH-psbA,psbA-trnK,trnG-trnR,psbC-trnS,cemA-petA and rps8-rpl14),4097 polymorphic nuclear SSRs,as well as 62 low or single-copy gene fragments were identified within ***,the phylogenetic relationships based on the complete plastome sequences strongly endorse the placement of *** as sister to the((((***,***),***),***),***)*** findings and the genetic resources developed here will be conducive to further studies on the genus Celtis involving phylogeny,population genetics,and conservation biology.

关键词： Cannabaceae Genome skimming Plastome Plastid hotspot Simple sequence repeat(SSR)

Behavior of Meiotic Chromosomes in Pinus wallichiana,*** and Their Hybrid and nrDNA Localization in Pollen Mother Cells of the Hybrid by Using FISH

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第3期50卷 360-367页

作者： Hui-Sheng Deng Da-Ming Zhang Cheng-Xin Fu De-Yuan Hong College of Life Science Zhejiang Univers ty Hangzhou 310029 China department of Bio-Chemistry Liuzhou Teachers College Liuzhou 545003 China Key State Laboratory of systematic and Evolutionary botany Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

The complete process of meiosis was investigated in Pinus wallichiana, P. strobus and their artificial hybrid （F1） using microsporocytes. It is revealed that there were slightly lower chiasma frequency, lower ring bivalent frequency, lower meiotic index and distinctly higher frequency of aberrance （chromosomal bridges, fragments or micronuclei） in pollen mother cells （PMCs） of the hybrid （F1） than those of the parental species, which showed a certain degree of differentiation between homologous chromosomes of the two parents. However, relatively higher frequency of ring bivalents and higher meiotic index in all the three entities indicate the great stability of genomes of parental species, and the differentiation of genomes between the two parents must have been slight. Total nineteen signal loci of 18S rDNA were observed in nine bivalents of the hybrid （F1）, among which one bivalent bears two loci, while the others have only one. It is suggested that distinct differentiation at genetic level existed in homologous chromosomes of the two parental species, whereas only slight differentiation at karyotypic and genomic levels take place between the parent species.

关键词： FISH interspecific hybrid meiotic behavior rDNA Pinus strobus Pinus wallichiana

Flowering and Fruiting Phenology of 24 Plant Species on the North Slope of Mt. Qomolangma (Mt. Everest)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第1期7卷 45-54页

作者： ZHANG Liyun TURKINGTON Roy TANG Ya department of Environmental Sciences Sichuan University Muoziqiao Chengdu Sichuan 610065 P. R. China department of botany & biodiversity Research Center University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

Phenological background information for alpine species is limited from extremely high altitudes. Flowering and fruiting phenology was monitored for 24 plant species at 5,180 m a.s.1, near the base camp area on the north slope of Mt. Qomolangma （Mt. Everest） in Tibet, western China. The dates of first flowering, peak flowering, end of flowering, first fruiting, peak fruiting and flowering period were recorded. There was a wide variation in onset of flowering, long flowering duration, a relative synchrony between the onset of flowering and fruiting, and one species was exclusively vegetative. These results suggest that the species have evolved various phenological strategies as adaptations to the short growing season with limited resources and pollinators in this harsh alpine environment at extremely high elevations. With a background of global warming, local plant species will represent an advancing trend in onset of flowering.

关键词： Alpine Global warming Phenology Qinghai-Tibet plateau

Pliocene charcoals from Shanxi Province of China and their application to studies of prehistoric wildfires

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 509-518页

作者： CHENG YeMing JIANG XiaoMei LI ChengSen WANG YuFei department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Geological Museum of China Beijing 100034 China Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China State Key Laboratory of systematic and Evolutionary botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Charcoals collected from the middle-late Pliocene sediments of the Taigu Basin,Shanxi Province,China,have been identified as Ulmus sp.(Ulmaceae),Prunus sp.,Maloidoxylon sp.(Rosaceae),and Maclura sp.(Moraceae).These taxa,along with the previously known fossils,indicate the occurrence of temperate climate and local wildfire at that *** of trees and/or shrubs and the morphological changes of these charcoals demonstrate that crown fires and surface fires occurred in the Taigu Basin during the middle-late Pliocene.

关键词： Charcoal Uimus Prunus Maioidoxylon Maclura wildfire Pliocene China

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND GEOGRAPHIC PATTERN OF WILD LOTUS (NELUMBO NUCIFERA) IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第4期51卷 421-432页

作者： XUE Jianhua ZHUO Lihuan ZHOU Shiliang College of Landscaping Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040China Laboratory of systematic & Evolutionary botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China department of Life Sciences Daqing Normal College Daqing 163712 China

Based on 47 accessions from Ussuri River Valley, Songhua River Valley and Heilong River Valley together with 2 accessions from Russia and 27 accessions of cultivated lotus from other provinces in China, genetic diversity of wild lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) were revealed using RAPD and ISSR markers. Twenty RAPD primers generated 113 loci, of which 71.68% were polymorphic across all sam-ples. The expected heterozygosity was 0.1583. The percentage of polymorphic loci and expected het-erozygosity in the wild lotus were 50.44% and 0.1241, respectively. The parameters of the cultivated lotus were slightly higher, 53.98% and 0.1651 corre-spondingly. Sixteen ISSR primers produced 90 loci. The percentages of polymorphic loci and expected heterozygosity were 41.11% and 0.0851 at species level, 28.89% and 0.0661 for the wild lotus, and 32.22% and 0.0963 for the cultivated lotus. AMOVA analysis of the wild lotus showed that a small number of variances exist among the 3 river valleys (21.68% for RAPD with Gst=0.1312 and 15.11% for ISSR with Gst=0.1352). The molecular variances of both the wild and the cultivated lotuses came predominantly from within the 3 river valleys and the cultivated samples (73.25% for RAPD and 81.11% for ISSR). Variance components from the wild and the cultivated lotus accounted for 19.17% for RAPD and 13.17% for ISSR, and variations among the valleys and the culta seemed the least important (7.585 for RAPD and 5.725 for ISSR). Neighbor-joining analysis demon-strated that considerable differentiation happened between the wild and the cultivated lotus. The wildlotus at middle reaches of the Songhua River Valley seemed to be the centre of remnants, from which it spread to the Ussuri River Valley and the Heilong River Valley. The very limited genetic diversity sug- gests that the wild lotus has experienced severe bot- tleneck effect, founder effect and rebirth effect. Con- sidering its long evolutionary history, scarcity of ge- netic variations and importance i

关键词：莲属植物遗传多样性地理图象再生效果黑龙江

Phylogenetic analysis of Toxicodendron(Anacardiaceae) and its biogeographic implications on the evolution of north temperate and tropical intercontinental disjunctions

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Journal of systematics and Evolution 2009年第5期47卷 416-430页

作者： 1,2Ze-Long NIE 1Hang SUN 1Ying MENG 1,3,4Jun WEN 1(Key Laboratory of biodiversity and Biogeography,Kunming Institute of botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204,China) 2(Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) 3(department of botany,National Museum of Natural History,Smithsonian Institution,Washington,DC 20013-7012,USA) 4(Key Laboratory of systematic and Evolutionary botany,Institute of botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (Key Laboratory of systematic and Evolutionary botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

Toxicodendron is a genus in the Rhus complex of Anacardiaceae with a disjunct distribution between eastern Asia and North America,extending to southeastern Asia and the ***(internal transcribed spacer,external transcribed spacer,and NIA-i3) and chloroplast(ndhF and trnL-F) sequences were used to construct phylogenetic relationships of *** analysis of these data strongly support Toxicodendron as a monophyletic group distinct from other genera of the Rhus complex,and the phylogeny does not fully corroborate classification at the sectional *** temperate disjunct lineages were detected,one from section Toxicodendron and the other between the eastern North American Toxicodendron vernix and the eastern Asian Toxicodendron *** divergence times were estimated to be 13.46(7.95-19.42) and 7.53(2.76-12.86) mya,*** disjunction between section Griffithii(taxa from warm temperate to tropical Asia) and Toxicodendron striatum(from the neotropics) was supported and their divergence time was estimated to be 20.84(11.16-30.52) mya in the early *** biogeographic results and the paleontological data support the Bering land bridge as the most likely route to explain the temperate disjunctions,yet the tropical disjunction in Toxicodendron seems to be best explained by the North Atlantic land bridge hypothesis.

关键词： Anacardiaceae biogeography disjunction eastern Asia neotropics North America phylogenetics Toxicodendron.