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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 200-223页

作者： Tomáš KOCÍ Rok GAŠPARIC John BUCKERIDGE Martina KOCOVÁ VESELSKÁ Aleš ŠOSTER Ivancická581 PragueCzech Republic Palaeontological department Natural History MuseumNational MuseumPragueCzech Republic Oertijdmuseum Bosscheweg 80Boxtel5293 WBThe Netherlands Institute for Palaeobiology and Evolution Novi TrgKamnikSlovenia earth and Oceanic Systems Group RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Museums Victoria CarltonVictoriaAustralia department of Paleobiology and Paleoecology Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia

A diverse sessile barnacle fauna from a Miocene shallow-water deposit at Dolnja Stara vas in Slovenia is *** includes the first descriptions of early post settlement juveniles of Actinobalanus sloveniensis attached to mangrove *** represent three distinct growth phases,the earliest being interpreted as being less than 24 h post settlement,the others being 1 to 2 days post *** assessment of their taphonomy is *** adult balanomorphs are attached to a variety of organic substrates,including mangrove leaves and branches,fragments of the conifers?Taxodioxylon,Carapoxylon,pine cones,molluscs,and cetacean *** barnacles include ***,Amphibalanus venustus,and Perforatus perforatus—many with opercula retained within the *** retains some of the original shell *** is the second record of barnacle–plant associations from the Central Paratethys from Kamnik and *** paleoecology and paleogeography of the site are discussed.

关键词： acorn barnacles barnacle metamorphosis epibiont paleoecology taxonomy

Progress of vegetation modelling and future research prospects

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2718-2738页

作者： Siqi LI Xu ZHANG Zhengyao LU Jian NI Jianhua LU State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau earth System Resources and Environment (TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences British Antarctic Survey department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)

Terrestrial vegetation is a crucial component of the earth system, and its changes not only represent one of the most distinct aspects of climate change but also exert significant feedback within the climate system by exchanging energy, moisture,and carbon dioxide. To quantitatively and mechanistically study climate-vegetation feedback, numerical vegetation models have been developed on the theory of ecophysiological constraints on plant functional types. The models eventually can simulate vegetation distribution and succession across different spatial and temporal scales, and associated terrestrial carbon cycle processes by categorizing vegetation into biomes according different plant functional types and their associated environmental factors. Here we review the developing history of vegetation models and provide recent advances and future directions. Before 21st century, static vegetation models, as developed statistical models, can only simulate equilibrated characteristics of vegetation distribution. In last several decades, Dynamic Global Vegetation Models(DGVMs) have been developed to simulate instantaneous responses of vegetation to climate change and associated dynamics, and can be coupled with earth system models to investigate interactions among atmosphere, ocean, and land. DGVMs are also widely applied to investigate the dynamics accounting for changes in the geographic distribution patterns of land surface vegetation at different spatial and temporal scales and to assess the impacts of terrestrial carbon and water fluxes and land use changes. We suggest that future vegetation modeling could integrate with machine learning, and explore vegetation transient response and feedback as well as impacts of process hierarchies and human activities on climate and ecosystem.

关键词： Vegetation models DGVMs Ecosystems Plant functional types Plant functional traits

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The proximity between hydroxyl and single atom determines the catalytic reactivity of Rh1/CeO_(2) single-atom catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 397-406页

作者： Danfeng Wu Shuyun Zhou Congcong Du Juan Li Jianyu Huang Hong-xia Shen Abhaya K.Datye Shan Jiang Jeffrey T.Miller Sen Lin Haifeng Xiong State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and TechnologyYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China College of Biology and Chemical Engineering Jiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314000China department of Chemical&Biological Engineering University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 8731-0001USA Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907-2100USA Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361102China Fujian Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Functional Materials Fujian Shanhai Collaborative Innovation Center of Rare-earth Functional MaterialsLongyan 366300China

The local structure of the metal single-atom site is closely related to the catalytic activity of metal single-atom catalysts(SACs).However,constructing SACs with homogeneous metal active sites is a challenge due to the surface heterogeneity of the conventional ***,we prepared two Rh1/CeO_(2)SACs(0.5Rh1/r-CeO_(2)and 0.5Rh1/c-CeO_(2),respectively)using two shaped CeO_(2)(rod and cube)exposing different facets,i.e.,CeO_(2)(111)and CeO_(2)(100).In CO oxidation reaction,the T100 of 0.5Rh1/r-CeO_(2)SACs is 120°C,while the T100 of 0.5Rh1/c-CeO_(2)SACs is as high as 200°*** in-situ CO diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(CO-DRIFTS),we found that the proximity between OH group and Rh single atom on the plane surface plays an important role in the catalytic activity of Rh1/CeO_(2)SAC system in CO *** Rh single atom trapped at the CeO_(2)(111)crystal surface forms the Rh1(OH)adjacent species,which is not found on the CeO_(2)(100)crystal surface at room ***,during CO oxidation,the OH group far from Rh single atom on the 0.5Rh1/c-CeO_(2)disappears and forms Rh1(OH)adjacent species when the temperature is above 150°*** formation of Rh1(OH)adjacentCO intermediate in the reaction is pivotal for the excellent catalytic activity,which explains the difference in the catalytic activity of Rh single atoms on two different CeO_(2)*** formed Rh1(OH)adjacent-O-Ce structure exhibits good stability in the reducing atmosphere,maintaining the Rh atomic dispersion after CO oxidation even when pre-reduced at high temperature of 500°*** functional theory(DFT)calculations validate the unique activity and reaction path of the intermediate Rh1(OH)adjacentCO species *** work demonstrates that the proximity between metal single atom and hydroxyl can determine the formation of active intermediates to affect the catalytic performances in catalysis.

关键词： crystal plane Rh1/CeO_(2)single-atom catalyst proximity of Rh and hydroxyl coordination structure CO oxidation

Ternary layered boride MoAlB:A novel thermo-regulation microwave absorbing ceramic material

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 699-710页

作者： Zhangjue Wang Fan Zhang Nannan Wang Wei Li Yongqiang Chen Hailong Wang Rui Zhang Yanqiu Zhu Bingbing Fan School of Material Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou 450046China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life Cycle Safety for Composite structures MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals MaterialsSchool of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China department of Materials and earth Sciences Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany School of Material Science and Engineering Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China department of Engineering Faculty of EnvironmentScience and EconomyUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44QFUK

In the context of the fifth-generation(5G)smart era,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)-absorbing materials has become increasingly prominent,so it is necessary to explore promising candidate *** work focuses on the exploration of the material absorbing properties of a MoAlB MAB(MAB represents a promising group of alternatives,where M stands for a transition metal,A typically denotes Al,and B is boron)phase ***,the first-principles calculations were performed to reveal the unique crystal and layered structure of the MoAlB ceramics and to predict their potential for use as an EMW absorption ***,a series of MoAlB ceramics were synthesized at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1300℃,and the influence of temperature on the phase compositions and microstructures of the obtained MoAlB ceramics was characterized and ***,the practical EMW absorption performance of the prepared MoAlB ceramics was evaluated via a combination of experiments and radar cross-sectional *** MoAlB sample synthesized at 900℃ exhibits superior EMW absorption performance,achieving an impressive minimum reflection loss(RL)of−50.33 *** unique layered structure and good electrical conductivity of the MoAlB samples are the main reasons for their enhanced wave absorption performance,which provides interfacial polarization and multiple dielectric loss ***,this study not only contributes to the understanding of the preparation of MoAlB materials but also provides potential guidance for their utilization in the realm of electromagnetic wave absorption.

关键词： MoAlB electronic band structure electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption layered ternary boride density of states

Impacts of monsoon break events in the western North Pacific on the cross-equatorial flows over the Maritime Continent

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第2期17卷 33-38页

作者： Xiaoxuan Zhao Minghao Bi Ke Xu Jianqi Sun Riyu Lu Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

本文利用ERA5逐日再分析资料,探讨了1979-2020年间西北太平洋季风中断事件对海洋性大陆越赤道气流的影响.合成结果表明,西北太平洋季风中断事件会造成高,低空越赤道气流减弱,即高层南风异常,低层北风异常,与此相关的环流异常表现为西北... 详细信息

本文利用ERA5逐日再分析资料,探讨了1979-2020年间西北太平洋季风中断事件对海洋性大陆越赤道气流的影响.合成结果表明,西北太平洋季风中断事件会造成高,低空越赤道气流减弱,即高层南风异常,低层北风异常,与此相关的环流异常表现为西北太平洋高层气旋,低层反气旋的斜压结构。特别的是,西北太平洋季风中断对高空越赤道气流的影响更为显著,92%的季风中断事件都导致高空越赤道气流减弱,而只有70%的事件造成低空越赤道气流减弱,这是由于低空越赤道气流同时还受到赤道中东太平洋海温异常的调控.

关键词：西北太平洋夏季风季风中断越赤道气流海洋性大陆

Crustal and uppermost mantle structure of the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from joint inversion of surface wave dispersions and receiver functions with P velocity constraints

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earthquake Science 2024年第2期37卷 93-106页

作者： Pei Zhang Xiaodong Song Jiangtao Li Xingchen Wang Xuezhen Zhang Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China The Second Monitoring and Application Center China Earthquake AdministrationXi'an 710054China Institute of Theoretical and Applied Geophysics School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China department of Geophysics School of Geodesy and GeomaticsWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

Lithospheric structure beneath the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is of vital significance for studying the geodynamic processes of crustal thickening and expansion of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. We conducted a joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersions with P-wave velocity constraints using data from the Chin Array Ⅱ temporary stations deployed across the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Prior to joint inversion, we applied the H-κ-c method(Li JT et al., 2019) to the receiver function data in order to correct for the back-azimuthal variations in the arrival times of Ps phases and crustal multiples caused by crustal anisotropy and dipping interfaces. High-resolution images of vS, crustal thickness, and vP/vSstructures in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were simultaneously derived from the joint inversion. The seismic images reveal that crustal thickness decreases outward from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The stable interiors of the Ordos and Alxa blocks exhibited higher velocities and lower crustal vP/vSratios. While, lower velocities and higher vP/vSratios were observed beneath the Qilian Orogen and Songpan-Ganzi terrane(SPGZ), which are geologically active and mechanically weak, especially in the mid-lower *** or thermal erosion of the lithosphere triggered by hot asthenospheric flow contributes to the observed uppermost mantle low-velocity zones(LVZs) in the SPGZ. The crustal thickness, vS, and vP/vSratios suggest that whole lithospheric shortening is a plausible mechanism for crustal thickening in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, supporting the idea of coupled lithospheric-scale deformation in this region.

关键词： joint inversion receiver functions surface waves crustal thickness vP/vS ratio NE Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

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中国新疆地区考古陶片的古地球磁场强度研究

北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期60卷 503-512页

作者：李能韬周庭红黄宝春造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871 department of earth and Environmental Sciences University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627

使用改进的Thellier-Thellier双加热方法,对来自新疆昌吉、喀什以及塔什库尔干等地的考古陶片样品进行系统的古地球磁场强度实验和岩石磁学实验。结果显示,部分样品携带稳定的原生剩磁,从中获得约1000BC至约1200AD之间的地球磁场强度数... 详细信息

使用改进的Thellier-Thellier双加热方法,对来自新疆昌吉、喀什以及塔什库尔干等地的考古陶片样品进行系统的古地球磁场强度实验和岩石磁学实验。结果显示,部分样品携带稳定的原生剩磁,从中获得约1000BC至约1200AD之间的地球磁场强度数据。经过各项检验和校正后,得到约5×10^(22)~11×10^(22) Am^(2)的虚轴向偶极矩(VADM)数据,与同时期中国其他地区的VADM数据大致处于同一区间,但是变化幅度较大,与全球地磁场模型SHAWQ2k存在不一致之处。将所得数据与约800AD的中东地区古地球磁场强度峰值以及约200AD的东亚地区古地球磁场强度峰值进行比较,拟合结果表明,中国新疆地区可能在约540AD时存在一个古地球磁场强度高峰,达峰时间介于东亚地区与中东地区之间。这一结果与非偶极子场的西向漂移特征相符,进一步说明该古地球磁场强度高峰可能与地球外核结构的演化相关。

关键词：古地球磁场强度岩石磁学新疆地区考古陶片

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厄尔尼诺-南方涛动研究进展

科学通报 2024年第8期69卷 1047-1057页

作者：张晓琳马永星大连海事大学航海学院大连116085 department of earth and Planetary Sciences Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Fisheries and Oceans Canada Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouth B2Y 4A2Canada

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Nino and Southern Oscillation,ENSO)对全球气候都具有重要的影响,如印度洋季风、秘鲁沿岸的渔业生产以及北美的气候等.过去的研究在ENSO的观测、理论、预报和数值模拟等方面都取得了长足的进展,但依然有很多问... 详细信息

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Nino and Southern Oscillation,ENSO)对全球气候都具有重要的影响,如印度洋季风、秘鲁沿岸的渔业生产以及北美的气候等.过去的研究在ENSO的观测、理论、预报和数值模拟等方面都取得了长足的进展,但依然有很多问题尚待解决.本文简要地回顾了过去在ENSO的相关理论、预报、非对称性以及年代际变化、古气候下的变化以及数值模拟方面的研究:首先回顾了ENSO盛行的几组理论,具体包括Bjerknes正反馈机制、延迟振子理论、充放电振子理论、平流反射振子理论以及西太平洋振子理论.其次,系统地总结了厄尔尼诺常用的预报方法以及预报因子(如暖水体积、西太平洋风场、印度洋-太平洋风场的积分及赤道流场等),并讨论了目前预报仍然存在的局限性;非对称性和年代际变化是ENSO重要的特征,本文详细地阐述了这方面的相关研究进展及存在的问题.再次,介绍了关于ENSO的古气候研究目前所取得的成果以及主要结论,并对数值模拟方面仍然存在的问题及ENSO对其他海盆的影响进行了讨论;最后,对上述相关方面存在的不足以及亟待解决的问题进行了探讨和总结.

关键词：厄尔尼诺-南方涛动动力学机制预报古气候盐度海盆间相互作用

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Study on crustal thickness and the prediction of prolific depressions:the Bohai Basin as an example

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 92-104页

作者： Mengke Cai Gongcheng Zhang Wanyin Wang Dingding Wang College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Engineering Research Center of Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration Beijing 100028China department of earth Environment and Resources SciencesUniversity of Naples FedericoⅡNaples 80138Italy

The deep crustal structure is closely related to oil and gas *** the oil and gas enrichment of depressions based on the Moho depth and crustal thickness is a promising research topic with significant implications for guiding exploration in petroliferous *** this study,seismic data were used as a constraint on the use of satellite gravity anomaly inversion to obtain the distribution of Moho depth and crustal thickness in the Bohai *** factors were calculated to analyze the differential distribution of deep crustal structural *** indicators,including the minimum Moho depth,minimum crustal thickness,sum of Moho stretching factors,and sum of crustal stretching factors,were *** component analysis was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the multi-indicator system and obtain an oil and gas enrichment score for quantitative prediction of favorable prolific *** deviation between the inverted Moho depth and seismic constraints was small;thus,the data effectively reflect the variations in the characteristics of each *** analysis revealed significant statistical features related to the minimum Moho depth/crustal thickness and the sum of Moho/crustal stretching factors associated with prolific *** on the oil and gas enrichment score,the depressions were classified into four categories related to their different deep crustal structural *** active ClassⅠ,ClassⅡ,and ClassⅢdepressions are predicted to be favorable prolific *** study expands the research on quantitatively predicting favorable prolific depressions in the Bohai Basin using the deep crustal structure and can contribute to reducing production costs and improving exploration efficiency in future explorations.

关键词： Bohai Basin satellite gravity anomaly deep crustal structure Moho depth crustal thickness favorable prolific depression

Microenvironmental effects on growth response of Pinus massoniana to climate at its northern boundary in the Tongbai Mountains,Central China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 44-57页

作者： Jianfeng Peng Jiayue Cui Jinbao Li Meng Peng Yongtao Ma Xiaoxu Wei Jinkuan Li Xuan Li Yamen Liu Jiaxin Li College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of earth System Observation and Simulation of Henan Province Kaifeng 475004People’s Republic of China department of Geography University of Hong KongHong KongSARPeople’s Republic of China HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Shenzhen 518057People’s Republic of China Henan Academy of Forestry Zhengzhou 450000People’s Republic of China

The Tongbai Mountains is an ecologically sensi-tive region and the northern boundary of Pinus massoniana *** analyze the effect of different microenvironments on tree growth response to climate factors,we developed standard chronologies for earlywood width(EWW),late-wood width(LWW),and total ring width(TRW)of *** at two sampling sites on slopes with different orientations,then analyzed characteristics of the chronolo-gies and their correlations with climate variables from five stations in the region and with a regional normalized differ-ence vegetation index(NDVI).Statistical results showed that the TRW/EWW/LWW chronology consistency and charac-teristics(mean sensitivity,signal to noise ratio,expressed population signal)for trees growing on the southeastern slope were much higher than for trees on the northeastern *** indicated that temperature in current March and August has a significant positive effect on TRW/EWW/LWW formation,and the effect on the northeastern slope was weaker than on the southeastern *** to temperature,precipitation has more complicated effects on tree growth,but the effect on the northeastern slope was also generally weaker than on the southeastern ***-wise linear regression analyses showed that temperature in August was the main limiting factor at the two sampling ***,the response of tree growth on the southeast-ern slope as determined by the NDVI is better than on the northeastern slope,and the TRW/EWW/LWW chronologies for the southeastern slope explained over 50%of the total NDVI variances in ***,the results indicate that the difference in the climate response of *** at two sampling sites is clearly caused by differences in the microenvironment,and such differences should be properly considered in future studies of forest dynamics and climate reconstructions.

关键词： Tree-rings Pinus massoniana lamb Microenvironment Radial growth Climate-growth response