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The non-stationary and spatially varying associations between hand,foot and mouth disease and multiple environmental factors:A Bayesian spatiotemporal mapping model study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 373-386页

作者： Li Shen Minghao Sun Mengna Wei Qingwu Hu Yao Bai Zhongjun Shao Kun Liu School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina department of Infection Disease Control and Prevention Xi'an Center for Disease Control and PreventionXi'anShaanxiChina department of Epidemiology Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational EnvironmentSchool of Public HealthAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina

The transmission and prevalence of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease(HFMD)are affected by a variety of natural and socio-economic environmental *** study aims to quantitatively investigate the non-stationary and spatially varying associations between various environmental factors and HFMD *** collected HFMD surveillance cases and a series of relevant environmental data from 2013 to 2021 in Xi'an,Northwest *** controlling the spatial and temporal mixture effects of HFMD,we constructed a Bayesian spatiotemporal mapping model and characterized the impacts of different driving factors into global linear,non-stationary and spatially varying *** results showed that the impact of meteorological conditions on HFMD risk varies in both type and magnitude above certain thresholds(temperature:30°C,precipitation:70 mm,solar radiation:13000 kJ/m^(2),pressure:945 hPa,humidity:69%).Air pollutants(PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(2))showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with the risk of HFMD,while other air pollutants(O_(3),SO_(2))showed nonlinear ***,the driving effect of increasing temperature on HFMD was significant in the 3-year period,while the inhibitory effect of increasing precipitation appeared evident in the 5-year *** addition,the proportion of urban/suburban/rural area had a strong influence on HFMD,indicating that the incidence of HFMD firstly increased and then decreased during the rapid urbanization *** influence of population density on HFMD was not only limited by spatial location,but also varied between high and low *** road density inhibited the risk of HFMD,but higher night light index promoted the occurrence of *** findings further demonstrated that both ecological and socioeconomic environmental factors can pose multiple driving effects on increasing the spatiotemporal risk of HFMD,which is of great significance for effectively responding to the changes in HFMD epidemic outbreaks.

关键词： Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD) Environmental factors Bayesian spatiotemporal mapping model Non-stationary effects Spatially varying effects

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Single-pilot operations in commercial flight:Effects on neural activity and visual behaviour under abnormalities and emergencies

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 277-292页

作者： Qinbiao LI Chun-Hsien CHEN Kam K.H.NG Xin YUAN Cho Yin YIU Human Factors and Ergonomics Laboratory Department of Aeronautical and Aviation EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 100872China School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

With cutting-edge technologies and considering airline human-resource-saving,a single pilot in commercial jets could be technically *** changes in captains’natural behaviours are initially required to comprehend the specific safe human performance envelope for safeguarding single-pilot flight,particularly in high-risk *** paper investigates how captains’performance transforms for fixing emergencies when operating from Dual-Pilot Operations(DPO)to Single-Pilot Operations(SPO)through a physiological-based *** pilots flew an emergency-included flight with/without first officers’*** neural activities and scanning behaviours were recorded using a 32-channel Electroencephalogram(EEG)and glasses-based eye tracker,with the observation and post-experiment questionnaires to evaluate the flight operations and pilots’*** alone,there was a significantly increased cortical activity in h and b waves over the frontal,parietal,and temporal lobes during the more complicated emergencies,and pilots focused less on the primary flight display while spending significantly more time scanning the other *** physiological fluctuating patterns associated with risky operations in SPO were highlighted by cross-correlating multimodal *** experimental-based noteworthy insights may wish to inform commercial SPO measures to lessen the persistent physiological fluctuation,assisting airlines in creating SPO-oriented intelligent flight systems to give captains adequate support for assuring safer air transportation.

关键词： Aviation engineering Single pilot operations Behaviour changes Eye tracker Electroencephalogram

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NLRP3 activation in macrophages promotes acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 153-164页

作者： Bo Shi Cheng-Jie Lyu Zhen-Kai Le Hao-Sen Ji Yi Xiao Yuan-Yuan Zhang Shou-Jiang Huang Lin-Jun Yu Qiang Shu Jin-Fa Tou Deng-Ming Lai department of Neonatal Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China department of Pulmonology Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China

Background Macrophages are involved in various immune inflammatory disease *** study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of macrophages in regulating acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods CD68,nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,leucine-rich repeat,and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3),cysteine aspartate-specific protease-1(caspase-1),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in paraffin sections of intestinal tissues from NEC and control patients were detected with immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and western *** pet milk,hypoxia and cold stimulation were used to establish a mouse(wild type and Nlrp3^(-/-))model of *** mouse macrophage(RAW 264.7)and rat intestinal epithelial cell-6 lines were also cultured followed by various ***,intestinal epithelial cell injuries,and IL-1β release were *** Compared to the gut“healthy”patients,the intestinal lamina propria of NEC patients had high macrophage infiltration and high NLRP3,caspase-1,and IL-1β ***,in vivo,the survival rate of Nlrp3^(-/-)NEC mice was dramatically improved,the proportion of intestinal macrophages was reduced,and intestinal injury was decreased compared to those of wild-type NEC ***3,caspase-1,and IL-1β derived from macrophages or supernatant from cocultures of macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells also caused intestinal epithelial cell *** Macrophage activation may be essential for NEC ***3/caspase-1/IL-1β cellular signals derived from macrophages may be the underlying mechanism of NEC development,and all these may be therapeutic targets for developing treatments for NEC.

关键词： Caspase-1 Interleukin-1β Macrophage Necrotizing enterocolitis NLRP3

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Primary biliary cholangitis presenting with granulomatous lung disease misdiagnosed as lung cancer:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 354-360页

作者： Shan-Li Feng Jun-Yao Li Chun-Ling Dong department of Respiratory and Critical care Medicine The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041Jilin ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND There are few cases of pulmonary granulomatous changes secondary to primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC).No case of granulomatous lung disease secondary to PBC misdiagnosed as lung cancer had been *** SUMMARY A middle-aged woman presented with lung nodules and was misdiagnosed with lung cancer by positron emission tomography/computed *** underwent left lobectomy,and the pathology of the nodules showed granulomatous inflammation,which was then treated with ***,a new nodule *** investigation with lung biopsy and liver serology led to the diagnosis of PBC,and chest computed tomography indicated significant reduction in the pulmonary nodule by treatment with methylprednisolone and ursodeoxycholic *** Diagnosis of pulmonary nodules requires integrating various clinical data to avoid unnecessary pulmonary lobectomy.

关键词： Granulomatous lung diseases Primary biliary cirrhosis Differential diagnosis Misdiagnosis Lung cancer Case report

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Engineered wettability-gradient porous structure enabling efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel cells

Energy and AI

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 357-367页

作者： Zhefei Pan Lizhen Wu Fengjia Xie Zhewei Zhang Zhen Zhao Oladapo Christopher Esan Xuming Zhang Rong Chen Liang An Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems(Chongqing University) Ministry of EducationChongqing 400030China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China department of Mechanical Aerospaceand Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China

Regenerative fuel cells can operate alternately as an electrolyzer and as a fuel cell,frequently involving water as a reactant or *** the electrode surface to manipulate water can prevent electrode flooding and enhance the electrode's mass transfer efficiency by facilitating better contact with gaseous ***,conventional electrodes face difficulties in allowing water droplets to penetrate in a single direction leaving *** this work to address this issue,a wettability gradient electrode is designed and fabricated for efficient water manipulation in regenerative fuel *** findings demonstrate that the water removal strategy in the electrolyzer mode yields the highest ammonia yield and Faradaic efficiency of 3.39×10-10 mol s-1 cm-2 and 0.49%,***,in the fuel cell mode,the discharging process sustains for approximately 20.5 h,which is six times longer than the conventional *** ability to sustain the discharging process for extended periods is particularly advantageous in regenerative fuel cells,as it enables the cells to operate for longer periods without the need for regeneration.

关键词： Regenerative fuel cells Electrode flooding Water manipulation Wettability gradient Water fluxes

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Understanding Behavioral Manifestations of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in People with Intellectual Disabilities—A Qualitative Study

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 67-90页

作者： Lena Grüter Matthias Grünke department of Rehabilitation and special Education University of Cologne Cologne Germany

Background: There is limited knowledge about obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). This paper describes the manifestation of compulsive behaviors associated with OCD at the behavioral level in people with ID in institutionalized settings. The aim was to gain nuanced insight into appropriate understanding and classification in this specific context, and derive implications for research and practice. Methods: Individual cases of people with ID (n = 7) were studied to assess compulsive symptoms through two days of on-site observation of the person with ID within the institution, guided group discussions (n = 28), and semi-structured interviews with key informants and caregivers of the person with ID (n = 20). caregiver ratings of the compulsive behavior checklist were compiled. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: All forms of OCD were present. Characteristics of compulsive behaviors in people with ID at the behavioral level included less complex and more obvious compulsive acts, immediate responses, signs of tension, motor restlessness, facial expression changes, repetition, need for predictability, time-consuming behaviors, and aggressive reactions when these acts were interrupted. Some of the compulsive behaviors corresponded to the ICD-11 OCD code 6B20, and others to compulsions as a psychological symptom (MB23.4). Conclusions: OCD may manifest atypically at the behavioral level in people with ID, posing significant challenges for accurate classification due to symptom ambiguity. Follow-up differential diagnostic studies are needed to more accurately identify and differentiate OCD symptoms in people with ID. Further, disorder-specific guidelines for recognizing OCD in people with ID are needed for institutionalized settings without psychiatric-psychotherapeutic expertise.

关键词： People with Intellectual Disabilities Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Compulsive Behavior Diagnostics Differential Diagnosis

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2.32W anti-misaligned Er:LuAG single-longitudinal-mode laser in the double corner-cube-retroreflector resonator and MOPA system

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 114-119页

作者：范佳玮鞠有伦姜辰晨袁越闫东杨星帮段小明戴通宇姚宝权吴佳泽 National Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China department of Physics and Chemistry PLA Army Academy of Special OperationsGuangzhou 510507China Zhengzhou Research Institute of Harbin Institute of Technology Zhengzhou 450000China

We demonstrate a high power,Er:Lu AG single-longitudinal-mode laser in an anti-misaligned *** on the Faraday effect,a 1.61 W single-longitudinal-mode(SLM)laser is obtained with the double corner-cube-retroreflector(CCR)structure,and the tunable wavelength is 1649.2-1650.3 ***,we investigate the anti-misalignment characteristics when the CCR moves and rotates along the optical ***,by utilizing the Er:Lu AG amplifier,the maximum 2.32 W single-longitudinal-mode laser at 1649.6 nm is *** beam quality factors M^(2) of the 2.32 W Er:Lu AG single-longitudinal-mode laser are 1.23 and 1.25 along the horizontal(x)and vertical(y)directions,respectively.

关键词： Er:Lu AG single-longitudinal-mode laser Faraday effect MOPA system double corner-cube-retroreflector resonator

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Against all odds:The road to success in the development of human immune reconstitution mice

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 460-470页

作者： Yixiao Bin Jing Ren Haowei Zhang Tianjiao Zhang Peijuan Liu Zhiqian Xin Haijiao Yang Zhuan Feng Zhinan Chen Hai Zhang School of Basic Medical Sciences Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangChina department of Cell Biology National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina department of Occupational&Environmental health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in special Operational Environment School of Public HealthFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina

The mouse genome has a high degree of homology with the human genome,and its physiological,biochemical,and developmental regulation mechanisms are similar to those of humans;therefore,mice are widely used as experimental ***,it is undeniable that interspecies differences between humans and mice can lead to experimental *** differences in the immune system have become an impor-tant factor limiting current immunological *** application of immunodefi-cient mice provides a possible solution to these *** transplanting human immune cells or tissues,such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells or hematopoietic stem cells,into immunodeficient mice,a human immune system can be reconstituted in the mouse body,and the engrafted immune cells can elicit human-specific immune *** have been actively exploring the development and differen-tiation conditions of host recipient animals and grafts in order to achieve better im-mune *** genetic engineering methods,immunodeficient mice can be further modified to provide a favorable developmental and differentiation microenvironment for the *** initially only being able to reconstruct single T lymphocyte lineages,it is now possible to reconstruct lymphoid and myeloid cells,providing important research tools for immunology-related *** this review,we compare the differences in immune systems of humans and mice,describe the devel-opment history of human immune reconstitution from the perspectives of immuno-deficient mice and grafts,and discuss the latest advances in enhancing the efficiency of human immune cell reconstitution,aiming to provide important references for im-munological related researches.

关键词： hematopoietic stem cell human immune reconstitution immune response immunodeficient mice peripheral blood mononuclear cell transplantation

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Protective effects of oleic acid and polyphenols in extra virgin olive oil on cardiovascular diseases

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 529-540页

作者： Yan Lu Jun Zhao Qiqi Xin Rong Yuan Yu Miao Manli Yang Hui Mo Keji Chen Weihong Cong Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100091China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Beijing 100091China Traditional Chinese Medicine department The Aff iliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023China health Bureau of the Government of the Macao special Administrative Region Macao 999078China

The Mediterranean diet has long been recognized as one of the most effective ways to prevent and improve cardiovascular *** virgin olive oil(EVOO)is the typical sources of fat in the Mediterranean diet which have been shown to have noteworthy nutritional value and positive impact on human *** is worth noting that EVOO owes its superior nutritional value to its bioactive *** main component of EVOO is monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFAs)in the form of oleic *** acid accounts for up to 70%-80%of ***,EVOO contains approximately more than 30 phenolic compounds,of which HT is essential for the protection against cardiovascular *** this review,we focused on the potential mechanisms of oleic acid and polyphenols combat cardiovascular diseases risk in terms of oxidative stress,inflammation,blood pressure,endothelial function and *** review might provide a reference for the studies on cardiovascular protective effects of EVOO.

关键词： Cardiovascular diseases Extra virgin olive oil Oleic acid Polyphenols

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2D multifunctional devices:from material preparation to device fabrication and neuromorphic applications

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 91-118页

作者： Zhuohui Huang Yanran Li Yi Zhang Jiewei Chen Jun He Jie Jiang Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of PhysicsCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanPeople’s Republic of China department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China

Neuromorphic computing systems,which mimic the operation of neurons and synapses in the human brain,are seen as an appealing next-generation computing method due to their strong and efficient computing ***-dimensional (2D) materials with dangling bond-free surfaces and atomic-level thicknesses have emerged as promising candidates for neuromorphic computing *** a result,2D neuromorphic devices may provide an ideal platform for developing multifunctional neuromorphic ***,we review the recent neuromorphic devices based on 2D material and their multifunctional *** synthesis and next micro–nano fabrication methods of 2D materials and their heterostructures are first *** recent advances of neuromorphic 2D devices are discussed in detail using different operating *** importantly,we present a review of emerging multifunctional neuromorphic applications,including neuromorphic visual,auditory,tactile,and nociceptive systems based on 2D *** the end,we discuss the problems and methods for 2D neuromorphic device developments in the *** paper will give insights into designing 2D neuromorphic devices and applying them to the future neuromorphic systems.

关键词： 2D material micro–nano fabrication multifunctional system neuromorphic electronics artificial intelligence

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