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Increased number of symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged time to return to full sports performance—AWAREⅧ

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 280-287,I0001页

作者： Carolette Snyders Marlise Dyer Nicola Sewry Esme Jordaan Martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa Section Sports Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa IOC Research Centre of south Africa Pretoria 0083South Africa Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilTygerberg 7505South Africa Statistics and Population studies department University of the Western CapeCape Town 7535South Africa

Purpose The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with prolonged time to return to full performance(RTFP)in athletes with recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.Methods Prospective cohort study with cross sectional analysis.A total of 84 athletes with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection assessed at a coronavirus disease 2019 recovery clinic gave a history of age,sex,type/level of sport,co-morbidities,pre-infection training hours,and 26 acute SARS-CoV-2 symptoms from 3 categories(“nose and throat”,“chest and neck”,and“whole body”/systemic).Data on days to RTFP were obtained by structured interviews.Factors associated with RTFP were demographics,sport participation,history of co-morbidities,pre-infection training history,and acute symptoms(type,number).Outcomes were:(a)days to RTFP(median,interquartile range(IQR))in asymptomatic(n=7)and symptomatic athletes(n=77),and(b)hazard ratios(HRs;95%confidence interval)for symptomatic athletes with vs.without a factor(univariate,multiple models).HR0.05).Factors associated with prolonged RTFP(univariate models)were:females(HR=0.57;p=0.014),endurance athletes(HR=0.41;p<0.0001),co-morbidity number(HR=0.75;p=0.001),and respiratory disease history(HR=0.54;p=0.026).In symptomatic athletes,prolonged RTFP(multiple models)was significantly associated with increased“chest and neck”(HR=0.85;p=0.017)and“nose and throat”(HR=0.84;p=0.013)symptoms,but the association was more profound between prolonged RFTP and increased total number of“all symptoms”(HR=0.91;p=0.001)and“whole body”/systemic(HR=0.82;p=0.007)symptoms.Conclusion A larger number of total symptoms and specifically“whole body”/systemic symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged RTFP.

关键词： Athletes COVID-19 Performance Recovery Return to play

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Pile foundation in alternate layered liquefiable and non-liquefiable soil deposits subjected to earthquake loading

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 359-376页

作者： Praveen Huded M Suresh R Dash LEA Associates south East asia Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi 110044India Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Khurda 752050India

Pile foundations are still the preferred foundation system for high-rise structures in earthquake-prone regions.Pile foundations have experienced failures in past earthquakes due to liquefaction.Research on pile foundations in liquefiable soils has primarily focused on the pile foundation behavior in two or three-layered soil profiles.However,in natural occurrence,it may occur in alternative layers of liquefiable and non-liquefiable soil.However,the experimental and/or numerical studies on the layered effect on pile foundations have not been widely addressed in the literature.Most of the design codes across the world do not explicitly mention the effect of sandwiched non-liquefiable soil layers on the pile response.In the present study,the behavior of an end-bearing pile in layered liquefiable and non-liquefiable soil deposit is studied numerically.This study found that the kinematic bending moment is higher and governs the design when the effect of the sandwiched non-liquefied layer is considered in the analysis as opposed to when its effect is ignored.Therefore,ignoring the effect of the sandwiched non-liquefied layer in a liquefiable soil deposit might be a nonconservative design approach.

关键词： pile foundation liquefaction alternately layered soil fixity effect layered effect

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Geochemical fractionation and potential release behaviour of heavy metals in lead–zinc smelting soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1-11页

作者： Xinghua Luo Chao Xiang Chuan Wu Wenyan Gao Wenshun Ke Jiaqing Zeng Waichin Li Shengguo Xue School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China department of Science and Environmental studies The Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The lack of understanding of heavy metal speciation and solubility control mechanisms in smelting soils limits the effective pollution control.In this study smelting soils were investigated by an advanced mineralogical analysis(AMICS),leaching tests and thermodynamic modelling.The aims were to identify the partitioning and release behaviour of Pb,Zn,Cd and As.The integration of multiple techniques was necessary and displayed coherent results.In addition to the residual fraction,Pb and Zn were predominantly associated with reducible fractions,and As primarily existed as the crystalline iron oxide-bound fractions.AMICS quantitative analysis further confirmed that Fe oxyhydroxides were the common dominant phase for As,Cd,Pb and Zn.In addition,a metal arsenate(paulmooreite)was an important mineral host for Pb and As.The pH-stat leaching indicted that the release of Pb,Zn and Cd increased towards low pH values while release of As increased towards high p H values.The separate leaching schemes were associated with the geochemical behaviour under the control of minerals and were confirmed by thermodynamic modelling.PHREEQC calculations suggested that the formation of arsenate minerals(schultenite,mimetite and koritnigite)and the binding to Fe oxyhydroxides synchronously controlled the release of Pb,Zn,Cd and As.Our results emphasized the governing role of Fe oxyhydroxides and secondary insoluble minerals in natural attenuation of heavy metals,which provides a novelty strategy for the stabilization of multi-metals in smelting sites.

关键词： Smelting soils Heavy metal Fractionation AMICS Geochemical modelling

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MXenes: Versatile 2D materials with tailored surface chemistry and diverse applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 253-293,I0008页

作者： Sunil Kumar Nitu Kumari Yongho Seo department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and HMC Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea School of studies in Chemistry Jiwaji UniversityGwalior 474011India

MXenes,the most recent addition to the 2D material family,have attracted significant attention owing to their distinctive characteristics,including high surface area,conductivity,surface characteristics,mechanical strength,etc.This review begins by presenting MXenes,providing insights into their structural characteristics,synthesis methods,and surface functional groups.The review covers a thorough analysis of MXene surface properties,including surface chemistry and termination group impacts.The properties of MXenes are influenced by their synthesis,which can be fluorine-based or fluorinedependent.Fluorine-based synthesis techniques involve etching with fluorine-based reagents,mainly including HF or LiF/HCl,while fluorine-free methods include electrochemical etching,chemical vapor deposition(CVD),alkaline etching,Lewis acid-based etching,etc.These techniques result in the emergence of functional groups such as-F,-O,-OH,-Cl,etc.on the MXenes surface,depending on the synthesis method used.Properties of MXenes,such as electrical conductivity,electronic properties,catalytic activity,magnetic properties,mechanical strength,and chemical and thermal stability,are examined,and the role of functional groups in determining these properties is explored.The review delves into the diverse applications of MXenes,encompassing supercapacitors,battery materials,hydrogen storage,fuel cells,electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding,pollutant removal,water purification,flexible electronics,sensors,additive manufacturing,catalysis,biomedical and healthcare fields,etc.Finally,this article outlines the challenges and opportunities in the current and future development of MXenes research,addressing various aspects such as synthesis scalability,etching challenges,and multifunctionality,and exploring novel applications.The review concludes with future prospects and conclusions envisioning the impact of MXenes on future technologies and innovation.

关键词： MXenes 2D materials Surface chemistry MXenes structure Synthesis Applications

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Recent progress and future directions of the research on nanoplastic-induced neurotoxicity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 331-335页

作者： Seung-Woo Han Jinhee Choi Kwon-Yul Ryu department of Life Science University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea School of Environmental Engineering University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea

Many types of plastic products,including polystyrene,have long been used in commercial and industrial applications.Microplastics and nanoplastics,plastic particles derived from these plastic products,are emerging as environmental pollutants that can pose health risks to a wide variety of living organisms,including humans.However,it is not well understood how microplastics and nanoplastics affect cellular functions and induce stress responses.Humans can be exposed to polystyrene-microplastics and polystyrene-nanoplastics through ingestion,inhalation,or skin contact.Most ingested plastics are excreted from the body,but inhaled plastics may accumulate in the lungs and can even reach the brain via the nose-to-brain route.Small-sized polystyrene-nanoplastics can enter cells by endocytosis,accumulate in the cytoplasm,and cause various cellular stresses,such as inflammation with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production,oxidative stress with generation of reactive oxygen species,and mitochondrial dysfunction.They induce autophagy activation and autophagosome formation,but autophagic flux may be impaired due to lysosomal dysfunction.Unless permanently exposed to polystyrene-nanoplastics,they can be removed from cells by exocytosis and subsequently restore cellular function.However,neurons are very susceptible to this type of stress,thus even acute exposure can lead to neurodegeneration without recovery.This review focuses specifically on recent advances in research on polystyrene-nanoplastic-induced cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity.Furthermore,in this review,based on mechanistic studies of polystyrene-nanoplastics at the cellular level other than neurons,future directions for overcoming the negative effects of polystyrene-nanoplastics on neurons were suggested.

关键词： autophagy cellular stress cytotoxicity endocytosis exocytosis inflammation microplastics nanoplastics neurotoxicity oxidative stress polystyrene

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Recent trends in the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease in south Korea,2010-2018

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1154-1163页

作者： Seulji Kim Hyun Jung Lee Seung Woo Lee Sanghyun Park Seong-Joon Koh Jong Pil Im Byeong Gwan Kim Kyung-Do Han Joo Sung Kim department of Internal Medicine Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812South Korea department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978South Korea

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)was previously regarded as a Western disease;however,its incidence is increasing in the East.The epidemiology of IBD in asia differs significantly from the patterns in the West.AIM To comprehensively investigate the epidemiology of IBD in south Korea,inclu-ding its incidence,prevalence,medication trends,and outcomes.METHODS We analyzed claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service and Rare and Intractable Diseases(RIDs),operated by the National Health Insurance Service of south Korea.Patients with IBD were identified based on the International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision,and RID diagnostic codes for Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)from 2010 to 2018.RESULTS In total,14498 and 31409 patients were newly diagnosed with CD and UC,respectively,between 2010 and 2018.The annual average incidence of CD was 3.11 cases per 105 person-years,and that of UC was 6.74 cases per 10^(5) person-years.Since 2014,the incidence rate of CD has been stable,while that of UC has steadily increased,shifting the peak age group from 50-year-olds in 2010 to 20-year-olds in 2018.The CD and UC prevalence increased consistently over the study period;the use of 5-aminosali-cylates and corticosteroids gradually decreased,while that of immunomodulators and biologics steadily increased in both CD and UC.The clinical outcomes of IBD,such as hospitalization and surgery,decreased during the study period.CONCLUSION The CD incidence has been stable since 2014,but that of UC has increased with a shift to a younger age at peak incidence between 2010 and 2018.IBD clinical outcomes improved over time,with increased use of immunomodu-lators and biologics.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Incidence Prevalence

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Design,synthesis,and biological evaluation of novel chrysin derivatives as poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第5期22卷 455-465页

作者： YANG Yao TONG Jing XIE Xianshun CAO Hong FU Yong LUO Yong LIU Shan CHEN Wen YANG Ning Hengyang Medical School University of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Emergency department Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Hengyang Medical School The Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Hemato-oncology department Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China

In this study,we reported the discovery and structure-activity relationship analysis of chrysin derivatives as a new class of inhibitors targeting poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1).Among these derivatives,compound 5d emerged as the most effective chrysin-based inhibitor of PARP1,with an IC50 value of 108 nmol·L^(-1).This compound significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell lines HCC-1937 and MDA-MB-436 by inducing DNA damage.Furthermore,5d induced apoptosis and caused an extended G1/S-phase in these cell lines.Molecular docking studies revealed that 5d possesses a strong binding affinity toward PARP1.In vivo,in a xenograft model,5d effectively reduced tumor growth by downregulating PARP1 expression.Overall,compound 5d shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of BRCA wild-type breast cancer.

关键词： Chrysin derivatives PARP1 Antitumor DNA damage Small molecules

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Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1584-1592页

作者： Jong Mi Park Masoud Rahmati Sang Chul Lee Jae Il Shin Yong Wook Kim department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease itself.Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of teratogenicity.We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal model.We searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,2023.The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control groups.We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis.Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test.Among the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons.Subgro

关键词： animal animal experimentation mesenchymal stem cells models Parkinson’s disease stem cell transplantation

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Effectiveness of sensory integration therapy in children,focusing on Korean children:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1260-1271页

作者： Seri Oh Jong-Sik Jang A-Ra Jeon Geonwoo Kim Mihwa Kwon Bahoe Cho Narae Lee department of Occupational Therapy Kangwon National University Graduate SchoolSamcheok 25949South Korea department of Occupational Therapy Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok 25949South Korea department of Occupational Therapy Ju-Ju Children Development CenterNonsansi 32985Chungcheongnam-doSouth Korea department of Occupation Therapy Suwon Women’s UniversityGyeonggi-do 16632South Korea Hijam Center for Development of Children Ochang 28117South Korea department of Occupational Therapy U1 UniversityChung-cheong bukdo 25949South Korea

BACKGROUND Sensory integration intervention is highly related to the child's effective interaction with the environment and the child's development.Currently,various sensory integration interventions are being applied,but research methodological problems are arising due to unsystematic protocols.This study aims to present the optimal intervention protocol by presenting scientific standards for sensory integration intervention through meta-analysis.AIM To prove the effectiveness of sensory integration therapy,examine the latest trend of sensory integration studies in Korea,and provide clinical evidence for sensory integration therapies.METHODS The database of Korean search engines,including RISS,KISS,and DBpia,was used to search for related literature published from 2001 to October 2020.The keywords,“Children”,“Sensory integration”,“Integrated sensory”,“Sensorymotor”,and“Sensory stimulation”were used in this search.Then,a meta-analysis was conducted on 24 selected studiesRISS,KISS,and DBpia,was used to search for related literature published from 2001 to October 2020.The keywords,“Children”,“Sensory integration”,“Integrated sensory”,“Sensorymotor”,and“Sensory stimulation”were used in this search.Then,a meta-analysis was conducted on 24 selected studies.RESULTS Sensory integration intervention has been proven effective in children with cerebral palsy,autism spectrum disorder,attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder,developmental disorder,and intellectual disability in relation to the diagnosis of children.Regarding sensory integration therapies,1:1 individual treatment with a therapist or a therapy session lasting for 40 min was most effective.In terms of dependent variables,sensory integration therapy effectively promoted social skills,adaptive behavior,sensory processing,and gross motor and fine motor skills.CONCLUSION The results of this study may be used as therapeutic evidence for sensory integration intervention in the clinical field of occupational therapy for children,and can help to present standards for s

关键词： Children Meta-analysis Occupational therapy Sensory integration Sensory processing Social skills

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Haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 leads to hypertriglyceridemia and obesity by disrupting the expression and nucleocytoplasmic localization of Lipin1

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 180-191页

作者： Fang Wang Yuxing Liu Yi Dong Meifang Zhao Hao Huang Jieyuan Jin Liangliang Fan Rong Xiang department of Endocrinology The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha410013China department of Cellular Biology School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Pediatric Rare DiseasesMinistry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha410013China

Lipin proteins including Lipin 1–3 act as transcriptional co-activators and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase enzymes,which play crucial roles in lipid metabolism.However,little is known about the function of Lipin3 in triglyceride(TG)metabolism.Here,we identified a novel mutation(NM_001301860:p.1835A>T/p.D612V)of Lipin3 in a large family with hypertriglyceridemia(HTG)and obesity through whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing.Functional studies revealed that the novel variant altered the half-life and stability of the Lipin3 protein.Hence,we generated Lipin3 heterozygous knockout(Lipin3-heKO)mice and cultured primary hepatocytes to explore the pathophysiological roles of Lipin3 in TG metabolism.We found that Lipin3-heKO mice exhibited obvious obesity,HTG,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disorder.Mechanistic study demonstrated that the haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 in primary hepatocytes may induce the overexpression and abnormal distribution of Lipin1 in cytosol and nucleoplasm.The increased expression of Lipin1 in cytosol may contribute to TG anabolism,and the decreased Lipin1 in nucleoplasm can reduce PGC1α,further leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced TG catabolism.Our study suggested that Lipin3 was a novel disease-causing gene inducing obesity and HTG.We also established a relationship between Lipin3 and mitochondrial dysfunction.

关键词： Lipin3 Lipin1 hypertriglyceridemia obesity mitochondrial dysfunction

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