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Potential of roots and shoots of Napier grass for arresting soil erosion and runoff of mollisols soils of Himalayas

International Soil and water conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 538-548页

作者： Sushma Tamta Akhilesh Kumar Daniel Prakash Kushwaha Krishi Vigyan Kendra Khodawandpur848202BegusaraiBiharIndia department of soiland water conservation engineering G.B.Pant University of Agriculture and TechnologyPantnagar263145India

In this study, a soil filled Hydraulic Tilting Flume (HTF) was used as a test plot under simulated rainfallconditions. This flume was flled with mollisols soils (sandy loam in texture) collected from tarai regionof Himalayas. The effects of root and shoot characteristics of Napier grass in terms of leaf area index (LAI),shoot length (SL), number of leaves (NL), number of tillers (NT), shoot biomass (SB), root density (RD),root length (RL), root biomass (RB), and total biomass (TB) were investigated on runoff and sedimentoutflow at 90, 120 and 150 days after planting (DAP). Four simulated rainfall intensities namely 4.0, 6.5,8.3 and 9.4 cm/h over three land slopes of 1, 2 and 3% were selected. Runoff samples collected fromwhole plant plot and only root plot were analyzed for runoff and sediment outflow. Findings revealedthat Napier grasses were very effective to reduce runoff and sediment outflow and its efficacy increasedwith the extended growth stages. The reduction in runoff and sediment outflow at 90, 120 and 150 DAPwas obtained as 56% and 85%, 68% and 90%, and 74% and 96%, respectively, as compared to bare plotconditions. It was observed that the comparative contribution of shoots in runoff rate reduction washigher than the roots. On the contrary, the root part of the plant showed more contribution in sedimentrate reduction as compared to the shoot part. Step wise regression was attempted for the selection ofeffective input parameters to establish authentic runoff and sediment outflow models. Power form ofmultiple non-linear regression (MNLR) showed very satisfactory results for predicting runoff and sedimentoutflow with coefficient of determination (R^(2)) as 97.4% and 99.0%, respectively, root mean squareerror (RMSE) as 38.8 cc/m^(2)/min and 0.126 g/m^(2)/min, respectively, and coefficient of efficiency (CE) as93.9% and 96.7%, respectively, during testing period.

关键词： Rootand shoot characteristics Runoff and sedimentreduction Simulated rainfall conditions Hydraulic tilting flume Step wise regression analysis

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纳米材料的环境行为与生物毒性

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科学通报 2009年第23期54卷 3590-3604页

作者：林道辉冀静田小利刘妮杨坤吴丰昌王震宇 Xing Baoshan 浙江大学环境科学系浙江杭州310028 department of Plant Soiland Insect SciencesUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA 中国环境科学研究院北京100012 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院山东青岛266100

随着纳米科技迅猛发展,越来越多的人开始关注并研究纳米材料的环境行为和生物毒性.本文概括地介绍了纳米材料的排放途径和可能发生的环境行为,重点分析了纳米材料与环境中共存物质的复合行为;综述了碳纳米材料、金属及氧化物纳米材料、... 详细信息

随着纳米科技迅猛发展,越来越多的人开始关注并研究纳米材料的环境行为和生物毒性.本文概括地介绍了纳米材料的排放途径和可能发生的环境行为,重点分析了纳米材料与环境中共存物质的复合行为;综述了碳纳米材料、金属及氧化物纳米材料、量子点等对细胞、细菌、水生生物、陆生生物等的毒性效应,阐述了当前对纳米材料致毒机理的有关争论;最后,展望了纳米材料环境行为和生物毒性领域的研究方向.

关键词：纳米颗粒吸附悬浮毒理

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Effect of Rhizobium inoculation on Growth and Nodulationof Albizzia procera, Albizzia lebbeck and Leucaena leucocephala

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Pedosphere 1999年第2期9卷 153-159页

作者： U. K. ARYAL M. K. HOSSAIN M. A. U. MRIDHA H. L. XU and H. UMEMURA (Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong (Bangladesh))(International Nature Farming Research Center 5632-Hata, Nagano-390-1401 (Japan))(department of Botany, University of Chittagong (Bangladesh)) Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences University of Chittagong (Bangladesh) Bangladesh International Nature Farming Research Center 5632-Hata Nagano-390-1401 Japan department of Botany University of Chittagong (Bangladesh) Bangladesh

Effects of inoculation of Rhizobium suspension on nodulation and plant growth were examined withAlbizzia procera, Albizzia lebbeck and Leucaena leucocephala seedlings grown on sterilized and non-sterilizedsoil media. Inoculation resulted in nodule number increases of 28.6, 29.02 and 23.9 times in sterilized soiland 3.4, 3.6 and 3.27 times in non-sterilized soil for A. parocera A. lebbeck and L. leucocephala seedlingsrespectively. Total dry mass increased by 127.6%, 66.7% and 60.7% in sterilized soil and 100%, 95.5%and 52.65% in non-sterilized soil for these three legume trees, respectively, after a period of two *** high inoculation responses of root length, root diameter, collar diameter, shoot length, and drymass of root, shoot, leaves and nodules were also observed in both sterilized and non-sterilized soil media ascompared to respective control treatments. The response to inoculation was strong in sterilized and modestin non-sterilized soils. The significantly higher response to Rhizobium inoculation over control in all thespecies tested suggested that application of Rhizobium greatly enhanced plant growth, nodulation, biomassproduction and nitrogen-fixing activity of the nodules.

关键词： biomass production nitrogen fixation nodulation Rhizobium suspension symbiotic association

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FAIR Computational Workflows

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 108-121,307,308,309页

作者： Carole Goble Sarah Cohen-Boulakia Stian soiland-Reyes Daniel Garijo Yolanda Gil Michael R.Crusoe Kristian Peters Daniel Schober department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique CNRSUniversitéParis-SaclayBatiment 650UniversitéParis-Sud91405 ORSAY CedexFrance Information Sciences Institute University of Southern CaliforniaMarina Del Rey CA 90292USA Common Workflow Language project Software Freedom ConservancyInc.137 Montague St STE 380NY 11201-3548USA Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry(IPB Halle) Department of Biochemistry of Plant InteractionsWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Computational workflows describe the complex multi-step methods that are used for data collection,data preparation,analytics,predictive modelling,and simulation that lead to new data *** can inherently contribute to the FAIR data principles:by processing data according to established metadata;by creating metadata themselves during the processing of data;and by tracking and recording data *** properties aid data quality assessment and contribute to secondary data ***,workflows are digital objects in their own *** paper argues that FAIR principles for workflows need to address their specific nature in terms of their composition of executable software steps,their provenance,and their development.

关键词： Computational workflow Reproducibility Software FAIR data Provenance

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Unique,Persistent,Resolvable:Identifiers as the Foundation of FAIR

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 30-39,302页

作者： Nick Juty Sarala M.Wimalaratne Stian soiland-Reyes John Kunze Carole A.Goble Tim Clark department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK European Bioinformatics Institute(EMBL-EBI) HinxtonCambridgeCB101SDUK California Digital Library OaklandCalifornia 94612-2901USA Data Science Institute University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22903-1738USA

The FAIR principles describe characteristics intended to support access to and reuse of digital artifacts in the scientific research ***,globally unique identifiers,resolvable on the Web,and associated with a set of additional descriptive metadata,are foundational to FAIR *** we describe some basic principles and exemplars for their design,use and orchestration with other system elements to achieve FAIRness for digital research objects.

关键词： Identifiers metadata findability FAIR data data infrastructures

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The Specimen Data Refinery:A Canonical Workflow Framework and FAIR Digital Object Approach to Speeding up Digital Mobilisation of Natural History Collections

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 320-341页

作者： Alex Hardisty Paul Brack Carole Goble Laurence Livermore Ben Scott Quentin Groom Stuart Owen Stian soiland-Reyes School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAUK The department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK The Natural History Museum London SW75BDUK Meise Botanic Garden 1860 MeiseBelgium Informatics Institute Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Amsterdam1090 GH AmsterdamThe Netherlands

A key limiting factor in organising and using information from physical specimens curated in natural science collections is making that information computable,with institutional digitization tending to focus more on imaging the specimens themselves than on efficiently capturing computable data about *** data are traditionally manually transcribed today with high cost and low throughput,rendering such a task constrained for many collection-holding institutions at current funding *** show how computer vision,optical character recognition,handwriting recognition,named entity recognition and language translation technologies can be implemented into canonical workflow component libraries with findable,accessible,interoperable,and reusable(FAIR)*** libraries are being developed in a cloudbased workflow plaform-the Specimen Data Refinery'(SDR)-founded on Galaxy workflow engine,Common Workflow Language,Research Object Crates(RO-Crate)and WorkflowHub *** SDR can be applied to specimens'labels and other artefacts,offering the prospect of greatly accelerated and more accurate data capture in computable *** kinds of FAIR Digital Objects(FDO)are created by packaging outputs of SDR workflows and workflow components as digital objects with metadata,a persistent identifier,and a specific type *** first kind of FDO are computable Digital Specimen(DS)objects that can be consumed/produced by workflows,and other applications.A single DS is the input data structure submitted to a workflow that is modified by each workflow component in turn to produce a refined DS at the *** Specimen Data Refinery provides a library of such components that can be used individually,or in *** cofunction,each library component describes the fields it requires from the DS and the fields it will in turn populate or *** second kind of FDO,RO-Crates gather and archive the diverse set of digital and real-world resources,configurations,a

关键词： Digital Specimen Workflow FAIR Digital Object RO-Crate

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Making Canonical Workflow Building Blocks Interoperable across Workflow Languages

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 342-357页

作者： Stian soiland-Reyes Genis Bayarri Pau Andrio Robin Long Douglas Lowe Ania Niewielska Adam Hospital Paul Groth department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Informatics Institute University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1098 XHThe Netherlands Institute for Research in Biomedicine(IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology(BIST)Barcelona O8028Spain The Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute(INB) Barcelona Supercomputing Center(BSC)Barcelona 08034Spain Data Science Institute Lancaster UniversityLancasterLancashire LA14YWUK Research IT IT ServicesThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK European Bioinformatics Institute(EMBL-EBI) HinxtonCambridgeshire CB101SDUK

We introduce the concept of Canonical Workflow Building Blocks(CWBB),a methodology of describing and wrapping computational tools,in order for them to be utilised in a reproducible manner from multiple workflow languages and execution *** concept is implemented and demonstrated with the BioExcel Building Blocks library(BioBB),a collection of tool wrappers in the field of computational biomolecular *** across different workflow languages is showcased through a protein Molecular Dynamics setup transversal workflow,built using this library and run with 5 different Workflow Manager Systems(WfMS).We argue such practice is a necessary requirement for FAIR Computational Workflows and an element of Canonical Workflow Frameworks for Research(CWFR)in order to improve widespread adoption and reuse of computational methods across workflow language barriers.

关键词： Scientific workflows Interoperable FAIR Computational tools Containers Software packaging FAIR digital object(FDO),BioExcel Building Blocks library(BioBB),Canonical Workflow Frameworks for Research(CWFR)

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气候变化对黄土高原黑河流域水资源影响的评估与调控

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中国科学（D辑） 2010年第3期40卷 352-362页

作者：李志刘文兆张勋昌郑粉莉西北农林科技大学资源环境学院杨凌712100 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所杨凌712100 Grazinglands Research Laboratory Agricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of Agriculture

气候变化将对水资源产生重要影响,评估其潜在影响可为区域可持续发展提供重要的依据.本研究的目标是评估2010～2039年气候变化对黄土高原黑河流域水资源的可能影响并进而探讨适应性对策.基于4种全球环流模式(CCSR/NIES,CGCM2,CSIRO-Mk2... 详细信息

气候变化将对水资源产生重要影响,评估其潜在影响可为区域可持续发展提供重要的依据.本研究的目标是评估2010～2039年气候变化对黄土高原黑河流域水资源的可能影响并进而探讨适应性对策.基于4种全球环流模式(CCSR/NIES,CGCM2,CSIRO-Mk2和HadCM3)的各3种排放情景(A2,B2和GGa),使用比例法预估了降水、最高和最低温度的未来变化;使用SWAT(soiland water Assessment Tool)模型模拟气候变化的水文响应;基于元胞自动机-马尔可夫模型(CA-Markov)建立未来土地利用情景.结果表明,与目前气候相比,全球环流模式预测年均降水变化-2.3%～7.8%,年均最高和最低温度分别增长0.7～2.2和1.2～2.8℃.不考虑土地利用变化时,SWAT预测2010～2039年的年均径流变化-19.8%～37.0%,土壤水分含量变化-5.5%～17.2%,蒸散量普遍增长0.1%～5.9%.尽管水文气象变量的变化复杂,但增长的概率较大;且水文过程将发生变化,如冬季径流减少等.考虑土地利用变化时,较2000年土地利用,建立的2015土地利用情景将分别增加土壤水分和径流4.0%和5.7%而减少蒸散0.6%.这表明调整土地利用模式可以有效调控水资源,可被用来减缓气候变化的不利影响.

关键词：气候变化水资源 SWAT 黄土高原

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