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Tourism versus nature conservation: reconciliation of common interests and objectives——an analysis through Picos de Europa National Park

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第11期15卷 2505-2516页

作者： LóPEZ Iván PARDO Mercedes department of Psychology and sociology University of Zaragoza department of social Analysis University Carlos Ⅲ of Madrid

Nature tourism and particularly tourism in national parks have acquired significant importance in contemporary societies. Post-Fordist consumers have reevaluated the meanings of ‘nature' and ‘natural spaces' and now avoid standardization to seek singularity. Tourism in national parks is a consequence of this tendency and has both positive and negative aspects. The purpose of this sociological research is to describe the most relevant conflicts in the Picos de Europa National Park(Spain) involving the park's conservation, local economic development,and tourism. Seven in-depth interviews and three focus groups were addressed to key local *** this research were identified three chief areas of existing or potential inter-related conflicts and the main actors interacting with them. The first is on population, particularly, the negative consequences of depopulations on the local socio-economic development and the environment. A second source of conflicts identified is caused by the difficult conciliation between commercial exploitation and conservation of the protected natural area. More precisely, this specific form of tourism positively contributes to the economy of local communities whilst problems can arise for the conservation goals of National Parks. Thirdly, in this research is also analyzed the institutional governance and the inter and intra-governmental conflicts as well as with the Park's management body. These findings provide important information for the improved management of tourism and conflicting interests in natural parks.

关键词： National parks Environmental conservation Nature tourism Mountain traditional economy Picos de Europa Spain

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Impact of social Media Challenges on Pediatric Single-Use Detergent Sacs and Diphenhydramine Ingestions Reported to United States Poison Control Centers

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期12卷 104-113页

作者： Lea Dikranian Varun Vohra David Merolla Usha Sethuraman Nirupama Kannikeswaran department of Emergency Medicine Childrens Hospital of Michigan Detroit USA Michigan Poison & Drug Information Center Department of Emergency Medicine Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit USA department of sociology Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit USA department of Emergency Medicine Central Michigan University Detroit USA

Background: social media platforms are popular among children and often feature challenges that become viral. Notably, the Tide Pod® and Benadryl® challenges encouraged viewers to ingest these substances for their visual appeal and hallucinogenic effects, respectively. This study aimed to assess the clinical impact and outcomes of single-use detergent sacs (SUDS) and diphenhydramine challenges on pediatric ingestions reported to United States (U.S.) Poison Control Centers (PCCs). Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of pediatric exposures reported to U.S. PCCs using data from the National Poison Data System (NPDS). The study included intentional single-substance ingestions of both brand-name and generic forms of SUDS and diphenhydramine among children ≤ 19 years. We compared the number of calls, clinical effects, disposition, and management strategies for SUDS (pre: 01/01/17 to 12/31/17 vs. post: 01/01/18 to 12/31/18) and diphenhydramine (pre: 08/01/19 to 07/31/20 vs. post: 08/01/20 to 07/31/21) ingestions 12 months before and after the introduction of the respective social media challenges. Differences in proportions were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: During the study period, 469 ingestions of SUDS and 5,702 ingestions of diphenhydramine were reported. Post-challenge periods saw an increase in both SUDS (pre: 82 vs. post: 387;372% increase) and diphenhydramine ingestions (pre: 2,672 vs. post: 3,030;13% increase). While there were no significant changes in moderate or major clinical outcomes, hospitalizations increased post-challenge for both SUDS [pre: 4 (4.9%) vs. post: 33 (8.5%);p = 0.25] and diphenhydramine [pre: n = 904 (33.8%) vs. post: 1,190 (39.3%);p Conclusion: Pediatric ingestions reported to U.S. PCCs and hospitalizations increased coinciding with the introduction of Tide Pod® and Benadryl® challenges. While causality cannot be definitively established, it is essential for pediatricians and parents to be aware of these challenges an

关键词： Emergency Medicine Ingestions Toxicology social Media Challenges Pediatrics

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Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonic Acids(Cl-PFESAs)Are Associated with Eye Diseases in Humans and Eye Toxicity in Zebrafish

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Environment & Health 2024年第6期2卷 390-400页

作者： Lu-Yin Wu Li-Xia Liang Yang Zhou Zeeshan Mohammed Zhengmin Min Qian Stephen Edward McMillin Maya Tabet Chu Chu Yuan-Yuan Fan Jia-Xin Zhou Jing-Wen Huang Wei-Hong Tan Guang-Hui Dong Li-Zi Lin Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of EducationGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk AssessmentDepartment of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Environmental ProtectionGuangzhou 510655China department of Developmental Biology&Genetics School of Biological SciencesIndian Institute of ScienceBangalore 400060India department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College for Public Health&Social JusticeSaint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63104United States School of social work Saint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63103United States College of Global Population Health University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouri 63110United States Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Department of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080China department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Center The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning 530021China

Evidence from animal experiments has shown that chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids(Cl-PFESAs)can induce vision dysfunction in ***,environmental epidemiological evidence supporting this hypothesis remains *** our case−control study,samples collected from 270 individuals(135 controls and 135 cases)from the Isomers of C8 Health Project data were analyzed for *** also repeated our analysis on zebrafish to support our findings in humans and to decipher the mechanism underlying Cl-PFESA eye *** serum levels of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)and alternatives were significantly higher in the cases than in the *** serum Cl-PFESA levels were associated with greater odds of eye diseases,and the trend showed a statistically significant dose-dependent *** Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)value indicated that 8:2 Cl-PFESA was the dominant eye disease risk factor among the 13 studied *** zebrafish experiments,Cl-PFESAs induced eye toxicity in adult zebrafish by oxidative damage and cell *** to the control group,there was significantly reduced thicknesses of the inner plexiform layer(IPL),outer plexiform layer(OPL),and retinal tissue in the zebrafish exposed to *** study provides human clinical and animal experimental data,showing that exposure to PFASs increases the odds of the development of eye toxicity.

关键词： eye diseases chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids(Cl-PFESAs) case−control study shapley additive explanations(SHAP) zebrafish experiment

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Association between heat and upper urinary tract stones morbidity and medical costs: A study in the subtropical humid climate zone

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 717-724页

作者： Chen-Lu YANG Jun-Zhe BAO Peng BI Ya-Dong ZHANG Chao-Ming TAN Kai CHEN College of Public Health Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Public Health The University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000Australia department of Andrology The First Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Nanjing social Insurance Management Center Nanjing 210008China department of Environmental Health Sciences Yale UniversityNew Haven 06520USA Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale UniversityNew Haven 06520USA

Urolithiasis is a heat-specific *** heat-related urolithiasis susceptibility subtypes,economic burden,and modifying factors could assist governments in targeting interventions to reduce the heat-related health risks of urolithiasis *** collected data on 23,492 patients with upper urinary tract stones(main subtypes of urolithiasis)from 2013 to 2017 in Nanjing,*** adopted generalized additive quasi-Poisson models to examine the associations between daily mean temperatures and morbidity of upper urinary tract stones,while generalized additive Gaussian models were used to explore the relationships between temperatures and log-transformed medical *** examined the modification effects of disease subtypes(kidney and ureteral calculus),sex,and age through stratified analyses and the modif-cation effects of other meteorological factors by introducing interaction terms in the *** found that short-term summer heat exposure has a statistically significant effect on ureteral calculus morbidity but not on kidney calculus *** ureter calculus,a 1℃ temperature increase was associated with a 4.36%(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.94%,6.83%)increase in daily hospitalization and a 5.44%(95%CI:2.71%,8.25%)increase in daily medical *** attributable fraction associated with heat(greater than the median value of daily mean temperature,26.8℃)was 7.85%(95%empirical confidence interval[eCI]:3.64%,11.44%)for hospitalization and 9.36%(95%eCI:4.91%,13.14%)for medical *** effects of heat on ureter calculus morbidity were significantly higher among the males and those with high sunshine duration than females and those with low sunshine ***-term summer heat exposure was associated with increased morbidity and medical costs of ureteral *** government organizations should take effective intervention measures,including community health education,to reduce the health hazards and economic losses caused by heat.

关键词： Heat Upper urinary tract stones Economic burden Modification effects

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Spatiotemporal Pattern of social Vulnerability in Italy

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第2期9卷 249-262页

作者： Ivan Frigerio Fabio Carnelli Marta Cabinio Mattia De Amicis Earth and Environmental Sciences department University of Milano-Bicocca sociology and social Research department University of Milano-Bicocca

Evaluation of social vulnerability(SV) against natural hazards remains a big challenge for disaster risk reduction. Spatiotemporal analysis of SV is important for successful implementation of prevision and prevention measures for risk mitigation. This study examined the spatiotemporal pattern of SV in Italy, and also analyzed socioeconomic factors that may influence how the Italian population reacts to catastrophic natural events. We identified 16 indicators that quantify SV and collected data for the census years 1991, 2001, and 2011. We created a social vulnerability index(SVI) for each year by using principal component analysis outputs and an additive *** spatial data analysis, including global and local autocorrelations, was used to understand the spatial patterns of social vulnerability across the country. Specifically, univariate local Moran's index was performed for the SVI of each of the three most recent census years in order to detect changes in spatial clustering during the whole study period. The original contribution of this Italy case study was to use a bivariate spatial correlation to describe the spatiotemporal correlation between the threes annual SV indices. The temporal analysis shows that the percentage of municipalities with medium social vulnerability in Italy increased from 1991 to 2011 and those with very high social vulnerability decreased. Spatial analysis provided evidence of clusters that maintained significant high values of social vulnerability throughout the studyperiods. The SVI of many areas in the center and the south of the peninsula remained stable, and the people living there have continued to be potentially vulnerable to natural hazards.

关键词： Bivariate Moran’s index Cluster analysis Italy Natural hazards social vulnerability

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Bayesian estimator of human error probability based on human performance data

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2013年第2期24卷 242-249页

作者： Zhiqiang Sun Erling Gong Zhengyi Li Yingjie Jiang Hongwei Xie College of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation National University of Defense Technology department of Computer Changsha Social Work College

A Bayesian method for estimating human error probability（HEP） is *** main idea of the method is incorporating human performance data into the HEP estimation *** integrating human performance data and prior information about human performance together,a more accurate and specific HEP estimation can be *** the time-unrelated task without rigorous time restriction,the HEP estimated by the common-used human reliability analysis（HRA） methods or expert judgments is collected as the source of prior *** for the time-related task with rigorous time restriction,the human error is expressed as non-response ***,HEP is the time curve of non-response probability（NRP）.The prior information is collected from system safety and reliability specifications or by expert ***（joint） posterior distribution of HEP or NRP-related parameter（s） is constructed after prior information has been *** on the posterior distribution,the point or interval estimation of HEP/NRP is *** illustrative examples are introduced to demonstrate the practicality of the aforementioned approach.

关键词： human error probability(HEP) human performance data human reliability probabilistic safety assessment Bayesian approach

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Multi-Objective Optimization of Multi-Product Parallel Disassembly Line Balancing Problem Considering Multi-Skilled workers Using a Discrete Chemical Reaction Optimization Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4475-4496页

作者： Xiwang Guo Liangbo Zhou Zhiwei Zhang Liang Qi Jiacun Wang Shujin Qin Jinrui Cao College of Information and Control Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun113000China department of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Monmouth UniversityWest Long BranchNJ 07764USA Research Center of the Economic and social Development of Henan East Provincial Joint Shangqiu Normal UniversityShangqiu476000China department of Computer Science New Jersey City UniversityJersey CityNJ 07305USA

This work investigates a multi-product parallel disassembly line balancing problem considering multi-skilled workers.A mathematical model for the parallel disassembly line is established to achieve maximized disassembly profit and minimized workstation cycle *** on a product’s AND/OR graph,matrices for task-skill,worker-skill,precedence relationships,and disassembly correlations are developed.A multi-objective discrete chemical reaction optimization algorithm is *** enhance solution diversity,improvements are made to four reactions:decomposition,synthesis,intermolecular ineffective collision,and wall invalid collision reaction,completing the evolution of molecular *** established model and improved algorithm are applied to ball pen,flashlight,washing machine,and radio combinations,*** a Collaborative Resource Allocation(CRA)strategy based on a Decomposition-Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm,the experimental results are compared with four classical algorithms:MOEA/D,MOEAD-CRA,Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ),and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ).This validates the feasibility and superiority of the proposed algorithm in parallel disassembly production lines.

关键词： Parallel disassembly line balancing problem multi-product multiskilled workers discrete chemical reaction optimization algorithm

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SPECIAL ISSUE： MIGRANT workERS IN THE COURSE OF URBANIZATION The upbringing and education of migrant workers＇ children in the Pearl River Delta

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social Sciences in China 2008年第3期29卷 121-135页

作者： Wang Jin Zhao Jun department of sociology and social work Sun Yat-sen University

In the course of the large-scale migration to the cities of China＇s rural labor force over the past twenty years, most migrant workers have left their children behind in their hometown, though some children do follow their parents to the city. The issue of the upbringing and education of these children, whether ＂left behind＂ or ＂migrating,＂ has always been a major concern of society and the academic world. This article aims to understand the factors affecting whether these children ＂stay behind＂ in their hometown or ＂flow＂ to the city through analysis of the child-rearing and education patterns reflected in survey information on over 3,000 migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta in 2006. We find that, after controlling for individual and family factors, regional differences in migrant workers＇ origins remains an important factor influencing whether children ＂stay behind＂ or ＂migrate.＂ The causes and mechanisms behind the existence of ＂regional barriers＂ is an issue worth further exploration.

关键词： education of migrant workers' children "left-behind children " "migrant children "family education pattern

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SPECIAL ISSUE： MIGRANT workESR IN THE COURSE OF URBANIZATION Factors influencing the migration intentions of rural workers in the Pearl River Delta

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social Sciences in China 2008年第3期29卷 157-171页

作者： Cai He Wang Jin department of sociology and social work Sun Yat-sen University

The focus of this article is this question： under China＇s present household registration system, what factors influence migrant workers＇ decisions to obtain urban household registration in order to stay permanently in the city？ Our research finds that if willingness to give up their land is used as the indicator for behavioral permanent migration, the main factors that influence migrant workers＇ intention to migrate will be their individual motives for migration, i.e. choices based on economic rationality. If wishing to transfer their household registration to the cities where they work is used as the indicator for institutional permanent migration, the main factors that influence their intentions will be regional conditions and the pressure of institutional legitimacy, and their choices will be socially rational in that they are seeking institutional protection to improve their life in the city. Groups with different aspirations vary in their individual motivations for migration and the degree to which they feel the pressure of institutional legitimacy.

关键词： migration intentions institutional migration behavioral migration individual motivations for migration pressure of institutional legitimacy

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An Assessment of Quality Assurance in HIV and AIDS-Related Services in Chivuna Rural Health Facility of Southern Zambia

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World Journal of AIDS 2018年第1期8卷 37-52页

作者： Harriet Ntalasha Simona J. Simona Felicitas Moyo Jairous Miti Ireen Kabembo Eliphas Machacha Mundia Libati Emily Ng’andu Aurick Mubita department of social work and sociology University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

With many countries experiencing high prevalence rates of HIV scaling up ART, it is vital to assess quality assurance in health facilities accredited to pro-vide these HIV and AIDS-related services. Reviewed literature indicates that there are limited studies in Zambia on the capacity of accredited health care facilities to provide effective HIV/AIDS related services. Using data from a large ethnographic qualitative study in a resource poor rural setting in Zam-bia, this paper assesses quality assurance in health facilities to providing HIV/AIDS services in a remote rural setting. Findings show that although HIV and AIDS related services were available at the remote rural health facil-ity of Chivuna, the services provided did not meet the WHO minimum guide-lines/standards on the provision of such services. Therefore, there is need for such facilities to be adequately equipped in all the departments of ART deli-very so as to ensure effective delivery of these services and universal access.

关键词： Zambia HIV and AIDS WHO Guidelines Capacity of Health Facilities

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