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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2025年第01期 82-95页

作者： V.Devika P.J.Sreelekshmi B.Vedhanarayanan Sandhya Sadanandan R.Rejithamol department of Chemistry Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Graduate school of Science Chiba University department of Chemistry School of Advanced SciencesVIT-AP University

A simplistic and novel electrochemical sensor for selectively detecting the essential amino acid tryptophan in dietary supplements was fabricated on a pencil graphite electrode modified with a tryptophan-based dipeptide. The dipeptide was synthesized using common synthetic strategy for amino acid couplings. The modified electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and infrared spectroscopy. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical response of the fabricated electrode to tryptophan in dietary supplements. Under the optimized experimental conditions, a distinct oxidation peak at + 0.671 V corresponding to tryptophan was noticed in differential pulse voltammetry, which indicated the detection of tryptophan by the fabricated electrode. The oxidation peak current for tryptophan was found to be linear within a concentration range of 10–350 μM with a lower detection limit of 1.2 μM, and the sensitivity of the fabricated electrode was 6.9 μA/μM/cm 2. Excellent selectivity, permissible reproducibility, and good stability of the sensor make it undoubtedly suitable for determining tryptophan in dietary supplements.

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Privacy-preserving explainable AI: a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 23-56页

作者： Thanh Tam NGUYEN Thanh Trung HUYNH Zhao REN Thanh Toan NGUYEN Phi Le NGUYEN Hongzhi YIN Quoc Viet Hung NGUYEN school of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University school of Computer and Communication Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty of Information Technology HUTECH University department of Computer Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology school of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland

As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.

关键词： privacy-preserving explainable AI privacy attacks privacy defences PrivEx PPXAI

Dynamical complexity of Anosov systems driven by a quasi-periodic force

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期68卷 89-136页

作者： Wen Huang Zeng Lian Kening Lu department of Mathematics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China school of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Consider C^(2)Anosov systems on a compact manifold driven by a quasi-periodic *** study their dynamical complexity on various levels from the perspectives of both path-wise dynamics and stochastic *** that these systems are non-wandering(i.e.,every point in the phase space is nonwandering),we prove a set of results:(1)the existence of abundance of random periodic points;(2)a random Livsic theorem;(3)a random Mañé-Bousch-Conze-Guivarc'h lemma;(4)the existence of strong random ***,a concrete example constructed on a 2-dimensional torus is also given to uncover some interesting phenomena of the systems.

关键词： random Anosov systems Anosov system on bers entropy random periodic orbit random horseshoe cohomological equation random Livsic theorem random Bousch-Mañécohomology lemma

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Visualizing charge transfer and nuclear quantum effects in the hydrogen bond network of water

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第03期 810-811页

作者： Ying Gao Haotian Wang Bin Zhang department of Chemistry School of ScienceTianjin University

Water,one of the most common and important solvents on earth,is widely used in biology,physics,chemistry,and other fields [1].The hydrogen bond interactions between water molecules form a highly dynamic and synergistic network[2],which plays a key role in the properties of *** electron charge transfer and nuclear quantum effect(NQE)are important factors affecting the stability and structure of hydrogen bond networks [3],directly influencing water-involved biological and chemical processes.

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A comprehensive review of phytochemical approaches in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia:Associated pathways and molecular mechanisms

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 41-55页

作者： Mouvanal Sajana T.S.Gopenath Basalingappa M.Kanthesh Division of Molecular Biology School of Life SciencesJSS AHER department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesJSS AHER

Acute myeloid leukemia(AML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone *** review conducts a thorough analysis of AML, addressing its genetic *** examination extends to the current therapeutic approaches employed for AML,shedding light on their efficacy and the notable side effects experienced by patients undergoing these treatments,leading to a low overall survival ***,exploring alternative treatments,such as phytochemicals,is ***,the review explores the complex landscape of phytochemicals,categorizing them based on their diverse properties,which include alkaloids,phenols,terpenoids,organo-sulfur compounds,and other compounds,including quinones,and elucidating their mechanisms of *** emphasis is placed on their involvement in critical signaling pathways,with a particular focus on how these phytochemicals impact AML when evaluated across a spectrum of cell *** in-depth exploration aims to uncover potential targets within the molecular landscape of AML where phytochemicals can exert their therapeutic *** review investigates the potential role of plant-derived phytochemicals as adjunctive therapies for *** exploration encompasses the identification of specific phytochemicals that exhibit promising anti-leukemic properties and evaluates their potential in clinical *** conventional treatments,the review explores the integration of complementary and alternative medicine as a holistic approach to managing *** examination encompasses the synergy between conventional therapies and alternative interventions,exploring how these combined strategies may enhance overall therapeutic outcomes and mitigate side *** a forward-looking perspective,the overarching goal is to contribute to the evolving landscape of AML treatment by considering innovative approaches that harness the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals,both independently and in conjunction with establishe

关键词： cell death complementary and alternative medicine leukemia phytochemicals signaling pathways therapeutic targets

Liquid-liquid phase separation of TRAF6 promotes anti-TB immunity

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 338-341页

作者： Yongjia Duan Yuanna Cheng Mingtong Ma Liru Li Shanshan Liu Liru Guan Jie Wang Hongjie Liu Xiaochen Huang Jianxia Chen Hua Yang Baoxue Ge Lin Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200433China department of Microbiology and Immunology Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200433China Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Pathogen-Host Interaction Ministry of EducationDepartment of Microbiology and ImmunologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200049China

Tumor necrosis factor receptor(TNFR)-associated factor 6(TRAF6)is a key regulator of the innate immune system,activating NF-κB and AP-1 signaling[1].TRAF6 participates in the immune regulation of many diseases,especially in chronic infections caused by pathogenic bacteria,such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)-induced tuberculosis(TB)[2].

关键词： immunity tuberculosis TRAF6

Clinicopathological features and treatment of gastrointestinal schwannomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第5期31卷 32-42页

作者： Peng-Cheng Zhang Shu-Hui Wang Jun Li Jing-Jie Wang Hong-Tan Chen Ai-Qing Li department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of Epidemiology&Health Statistics School of Public HealthSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of Pathology The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal schwannomas(GIS)are rare neurogenic tumors arising from Schwann cells in the gastrointestinal *** on GIS are limited to small case reports or focus on specific tumor sites,underscoring the diagnostic and thera-peutic challenges they *** To comprehensively examine the clinical features,pathological characteristics,treatment outcomes,associated comorbidities,and prognosis of *** The study population included patients diagnosed with GIS at the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University school of Medicine,between June 2007 and April *** were retrospectively collected and analyzed from medical records,including demographic characteristics,endoscopic and imaging findings,treatment modalities,pathological evaluations,and follow-up *** In total,229 patients with GIS were included,with a mean age of 56.00 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1:*** mean tumor size was 2.75 cm,and most(76.9%)were located in the ***,6.6%of the patients had other malig-nant *** imaging and endoscopy frequently misdiagnosed GIS as gastrointestinal stromal ***,accurate preoperative diagnosis was achieved using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration combined with immunohistochemical analysis,in which S100 and SOX-10 markers were mostly *** tumors were typically managed with endoscopic resection,while larger lesions were treated with surgical ***-up results showed that most patients experienced favorable *** Preoperative diagnosis of GIS via clinical characteristics,endoscopy,and imaging examinations remains challenging but *** therapy provides a minimally invasive and effective option for patients.

关键词： Gastrointestinal schwannoma Diagnosis Treatment Endoscopictherapy Complications

Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 regulates heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression and is a potential target for the treatment of neuropathic pain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2682-2696页

作者： Xiaoyu Zhang Yuqi Liu Fangxia Xu Chengcheng Zhou Kaimei Lu Bin Fang Lijuan Wang Lina Huang Zifeng Xu department of Anesthesiology International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina department of Anesthesiology Shanghai General HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases ShanghaiChina

Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal ***,it remains unclear whether protein arginine methyl transferase-6 modifies neuropathic pain and,if so,what the mechanisms of this *** this study,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression levels and its effect on neuropathic pain were investigated in the spared nerve injury model,chronic constriction injury model and bone cancer pain model,using immunohistochemistry,western blotting,immunoprecipitation,and label-free proteomic *** results showed that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 mostly co-localized withβ-tubulinⅢin the dorsal root ganglion,and that its expression decreased following spared nerve injury,chronic constriction injury and bone cancer *** addition,PRMT6 knockout(Prmt6~(-/-))mice exhibited pain ***,the development of spared nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical pain was attenuated by blocking the decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase-6 ***,when protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression was downregulated in the dorsal root ganglion in mice without spared nerve injury,increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases were observed in the ipsilateral dorsal horn,and the response to mechanical stimuli was ***,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 appeared to contribute to spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ***,protein arginine methyltransfe rase-6-mediated modulation of hete rogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression required amino atids 319 to 388,but not classical H3R2 *** findings indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 is a potential therapeutic target fo r the treatment of peripheral neuro pathic pain.

关键词： dorsal root ganglion heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F neuropathic pain protein arginine methyltransferase-6 sensory neurons

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Holographic thermodynamics of a charged AdS black hole with a global monopole

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第2期77卷 148-160页

作者： Hebin Zheng Yunxian Chen Jian Tang school of Physics and Astronomy China West Normal University department of Physics and Electronic Science Aba Teachers College

By regarding the Newton constant GNand cosmological constant Λ as variables, in this paper we study the thermodynamics and phase transition of the Reissner-Nordstr o m anti-de Sitter(RN-Ad S) black hole with a global monopole within the framework of Ad S/CFT correspondence. We find interesting critical phenomena and phase behavior in the(grand)canonical ensembles of fixed( Q,V,C),( Φ,V,C) and( Q,V,μ). When the other parameters are fixed, the free energy decreases with the global monopole increases. In the( Q,V,C) ensemble,the range of the unstable region decreases with the increase of the global monopole. In the( Φ,V,C) ensemble, when Φ < Φc, the free energy appears as two branches, where the upper and lower branches correspond to low and high entropy, respectively. When( Q,V,μ) is fixed, a new zero-order phase transition occurs in the high-entropy phase and the low-entropy phase at certainμ-dependent temperatures. When μ increases to a certain value, this zero-order phase transition disappears. This certain value is negatively related to the magnitude of the global ***, we find that p-V criticality does not appear with the change of global ***, it is important to note that the CFT states of charged black holes with global monopoles do not correspond to van der Waals fluids. Finally, we find that charged black holes with global monopoles can better reflect thermodynamic phase transitions and critical phenomena under the Ad S/CFT correspondence. By adjusting the change of the global monopole, the thermodynamic phase transition will also change.

关键词： black holes AdS-CFT correspondence global monopole

Influence of heat treatment on microstructure of a newβ-solidifyingγ-TiAl alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 239-248页

作者： Li Quan Xiao-bing Li Peng Xue Jun-jie Hao Kun Qian Bo Chen Jian-zhong Li Kui Liu school of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina department of Materials Science and Technology Ji Hua LaboratoryFoshan528200GuangdongChina

The high strength and stability of the full-lamellar structure guarantee the industrial application of theβ-solidifyingγ-TiAl ***,it is a huge challenge to design an alloy with good hot-deformability as well as the full-lamellar *** low-cost Ti-42.5Al-2Mn-0.4Mo-0.1B-0.1C(at.%)alloy was designed,which undergoes bothβandαsingle-phase region during the *** is found that the full-lamellar structure can be obtained by the solution heat treatment at 1230℃ for 20 min and then aging treatment at 800℃ for 3 ***,a new microstructure,namely,the pearlitic-like microstructure(PM)induced by theα_(2)/γ→βo+γcellular reaction was observed when the aging temperature is increased to above 800℃.The volume fraction of the PM is gradually increased from 0%to 25.5%,65%,and 94%according to elevated aging temperature from 800 to 900,1000,and 1050℃,*** mechanism of the reducedα_(2)/γlamellae and PM formation was discussed regarding the heterogeneous distribution ofβstabilizing elements and the interface energy stored inα_(2)/γlamellae.

关键词： β-γ-TiAl Alloy design Two-step heat treatment Full-lamellar structure Cellular reaction