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Phosphorus limitation on CO_(2)fertilization effect in tropical forests informed by a coupled biogeochemical model

Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 502-515页

作者： Zhuonan Wang Hanqin Tian Shufen Pan Hao Shi Jia Yang Naishen Liang Latif Kalin Christopher Anderson Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and SocietyBoston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA department of Engineering Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Center for Global Environmental Research(CGER) National Institute for Environmental Studies(NIES)TsukubaIbaraki305-8506Japan College of Forestry Wildlife and EnvironmentAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA

Tropical forests store more than half of the world's terrestrial carbon(C)pool and account for one-third of global net primary productivity(NPP).Many terrestrial biosphere models(TBMs)estimate increased productivity in tropical forests throughout the 21st century due to CO_(2)***,phosphorus(P)liaitations on vegetation photosynthesis and productivity could significantly reduce the CO_(2)fertilization ***,we used a carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus coupled model(Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model;DLEM-CNP)with heterogeneous maximum carboxylation rates to examine how P limitation has affected C fluxes in tropical forests *** model results showed that the inclusion of the P processes enhanced model performance in simulating ecosystem *** further compared the simulations from DLEM-CNP,DLEM-CN,and DLEMC and the results showed that the inclusion of P processes reduced the CO_(2)fertilization effect on gross primary production(GPP)by 25%and 45%,and net ecosystem production(NEP)by 28%and 41%,respectively,relative to CN-only and C-on ly *** the 1860s to the 2010s,the DLEM-CNP estimated that in tropical forests GPP increased by 17%,plant respiration(Ra)increased by 18%,ecosystem respiration(Rh)increased by 13%,NEP increased by 121%per unit area,***,factorial experiments with DLEM-CNP showed that the enhanced NPP benefiting from the CO_(2) fertilization effect had been offset by 135%due to deforestation from the 1860s to the *** study highlights the importance of P limitation on the C cycle and the weakened CO_(2)fertilization effect resulting from P limitation in tropical forests.

关键词： Tropical forests Carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus model Phosphorus limitation CO_(2)fertilization effect Terrestfial ecosy stem model

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Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Study of Ciprofol and Propofol in Patients with Painless Artificial Abortion

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 154-166页

作者： Xiaoyu Xi Hui Yan Li Mu Rui Xia department of the First Affiliated Hospital Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Background and Objectives: Propofol is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic for painless artificial abortion, but the injection pain and related adverse reactions such as those related to respiration and circulation it induces have also been criticized. We aimed to conduct a comparative study on the efficacy, safety and comfort of ciprofol and propofol applied in painless artificial abortion. Materials and Methods: A total of 140 early pregnant patients undergoing painless induced abortion were selected and randomly divided into the ciprofol combined with fentanyl group (Group C) and the propofol combined with fentanyl group (Group P), with 70 cases in each group. The anesthetic effect, depth of anesthesia sedation (NI), onset time, recovery time, recovery time of orientation, retention time in the anesthesia recovery room and total amount of intravenous anesthetic drug were recorded in both groups. The respiratory rate (RR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) at different time points were recorded. The occurrence of perioperative adverse events, injection pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and dizziness were compared. The pain score at 30 minutes after operation and the satisfaction of patients and surgeons with anesthesia were evaluated. Results: The success rate of anesthesia in both groups was 100%. There were no statistically significant differences in the NI value at each time point, intraoperative body movement, recovery time, recovery time of orientation, retention time in the anesthesia recovery room, and total dosage of sedative drugs (ml) between the two groups;the onset time in Group C was longer than that in Group P, with a statistically significant difference (P Conclusion: The efficacy of ciprofol in painless induced abortion is equivalent to that of propofol, and the incidence of adverse reactions is lower than that of propofol, with higher safety and comfort.

关键词： Ciprofol Propofol Fentanyl Artificial Abortion Anesthesia

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Near-Surface Soil Chemical Properties as Affected by Cover Crops Over Time in the Lower Mississippi River Valley

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1035-1056页

作者： Cooper Fanning Kristofor R. Brye Michael B. Daniels Trenton L. Roberts Samuel Fernandes Lisa S. Wood department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Typical row-crop agricultural practices can potentially be harmful to soil health and future sustainability. The use of cover crops (CC) as a mechanism to improve soil health on a wide scale remains underutilized. Soil health remains a major concern for the sustainability of agricultural productivity, therefore, research into CC implementation as a mean to preserve or improve soil health is warranted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of CC on the soils in the eastern Arkansas portion of the Lower Mississippi River Valley (LMRV) over time for various chemical soil parameters, including pH, soil organic matter (SOM), soil elemental contents (i.e., P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and B), soil respiration, and a generalized soil health score index. Soil pH decreased over time under both CC and no-cover-crop (NCC) treatments, by −0.3 and −0.2, respectively. Soil OM decreased over time under NCC by −0.1%, but did not differ between CC treatments. Soil N availability decreased over time under NCC (−22.6 kg·ha−1), but did not change over time under CC. Soil respiration decreased over time under both CC and NCC, by −76.1 mg·L−1 and −77.3 mg·L−1, respectively, though there was no effect of CC treatment. The Haney soil health score index decreased under CC (−7.0) and NCC (−6.8) without an effect from CC treatment. Results of the study place emphasis on the temporal nature of soil health as influenced by cover crops and their potential to improve soil health.

关键词： Arkansas Cover Crops Soil Properties Soil Organic Matter Soil Health Score

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p38αMAP kinase promotes asthmatic inflammation through modulation of alternatively activated macrophages

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第12期11卷 1095-1097页

作者： Li-Nian Huang Lei Sun Li-Ming Liu Hui-Hui Zhang Zhong-Bo Liang Yan Rui Jun-Feng Hu Yong Zhang John WChristman Feng Qian department of respiration and Critical Care Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer ResearchBengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233004China Engineering Research Center of Cell&Therapeutic Antibody Ministry of EducationSchool of PharmacyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of Internal Medicine Section of PulmonaryCritical Careand Sleep MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210-1252USA

Asthma is characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyper-reactivity, and chronic airway remodeling (Al-Muhsen et al., 2011). Pulmonary macrophages have been implicated in asthmatic inflammation (Lee et al., 2015;Qian et al., 2015). The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an essential role in inflammation, but its role in asthma has not been determined (Kim et al., 2008). Here, our data show that macrophage-specific p38α MAPK-deficient mice displayed attenuated asthmatic inflammation in response to three allergens (dust mite, ragweed, and Aspergillus;DRA). Furthermore, we found that the protective effect was strongly associated with a reduction in the alternatively activated macrophage (AAM) polarization in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our data indicate that p38α MAPK in macrophages contributes to AAM polarization and could be a therapeutic target for asthma.

关键词： inflammation al. asthma

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Sodium Leak Channel in Glutamatergic Neurons of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus Helps to Maintain Respiratory Frequency Under Sevoflurane Anesthesia

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1127-1140页

作者： Lin Wu Donghang Zhang Yujie Wu Jin Liu Jingyao Jiang Cheng Zhou department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The lateral parabrachial nucleus(PBL)is implicated in the regulation of respiratory *** leak channel(NALCN)mutations disrupt the respiratory rhythm and influence anesthetic sensitivity in both rodents and ***,we investigated whether the NALCN in PBL glutamatergic neurons maintains respiratory function under general *** results showed that chemogenetic activation of PBL glutamatergic neurons increased the respiratory frequency(RF)in mice;whereas chemogenetic inhibition suppressed *** knockdown in PBL glutamatergic neurons but not GABAergic neurons significantly reduced RF under physiological conditions and caused more respiratory suppression under sevoflurane *** knockdown in PBL glutamatergic neurons did not further exacerbate the respiratory suppression induced by propofol or *** sevoflurane anesthesia,painful stimuli rapidly increased the RF,which was not affected by NALCN knockdown in PBL glutamatergic *** study suggested that the NALCN is a key ion channel in PBL glutamatergic neurons that maintains respiratory frequency under volatile anesthetic sevoflurane but not intravenous anesthetic propofol.

关键词： Glutamatergic neurons Lateral parabrachial nucleus NALCN respiration General anesthesia

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Heritability of Heart Rate Response to Arousals in Twins

Heritability of Heart Rate Response to Arousals in Twins

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中国睡眠研究会第九届学术年会

作者： Xiaoling Gao Ali Azarbarzin Brendan T.Keenan Michele Ostrowski Frances M.Pack Bethany Staley Greg Maislin Allan I.Pack Magdy Younes Samuel T.Kuna department of Medicine and Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology University of Pennsylvania department of respiration The second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Sleep Disorders Centre University of Manitoba

Study Objectives:To determine if the large and highly reproducible inter-individual differences in heart rate(HR) response to arousals during non-REM sleep arise from a heritable ***:Post-hoc analysis of polysomnograms of same-sex monozygotic and dizygotic twin ***:Academic medical center and Research and Development Laboratory(YRT Limited).Participants:55 monozygotic(mean[±SD]age 29.2±6.9 years;14 male and 41 female pairs) and 36dizygotic(mean age 26.217.5 years;15 male and 21 female pairs) twin pairs with a normal ***:None Measurements and Results:Arousals were scored using the 2007 American Academy of Sleep Medicine *** intensity was scaled(between 0 and 9) using an automatic algorithm based on the change in EEG time and frequency characteristics and a training data *** rate response to arousal(AHR) was determined and averaged at each arousal intensity per *** calculated the average arousal duration,average arousal intensity,average AHR,AHR at a given arousal intensity,rate of AHR per arousal intensity,and arousal intensity threshold of *** the classical approach to assess broad sense heritability(h),the arousal intensity threshold of AHR(h=0.94) and average arousal intensity(h=1.05) showed the strongest evidence for heritability after age and sex *** was supported by a maximum likelihood based variance components estimation approach,with h(95%CI) estimates of 0.38(0.13,0.62) for arousal intensity threshold of AHR and 0.64(0.48,0.80) for average arousal *** approach also suggested significant additive genetic effects for the number of arousals,average arousal duration,and the average ***:Genetic factors explain a significant fraction of the phenotypic variability for the threshold of AHR to arousal and average arousal *** also suggest that the number and duration of arousals and the average AHR may be heritable traits.

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in hospitalized children diagnosed at acute stage by paired sera

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第23期123卷 3444-3450页

作者： LIU Chun-ling WANG Gui-qiang ZHANG Bo XU Hua HU Liang-ping HE Xiao-feng WANG Jun-hua ZHANG Jun-hong LIU Xiao-yu WEI Ming LIU Zhen-ye department of Infectious Disease Air Force General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100142 China department of respiration Air Force General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100142 China department of Pediatrics Air Force General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100142 China department of Infection Control Air Force General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100142 China department of Cardiology Air Force General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100142 China department of Infectious Diseases and Center for Liver Diseases Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China Consulting Center of Biomedical Statistics Academy of MilitaryMedical Sciences Beijing 100850 China

Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae （M. pneumoniae） is a frequent cause of respiratory tract infections. However,there is deficient knowledge about the clinical manifestations of M. pneumoniae infection. We described the clinical and laboratory findings of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in hospitalized children who were all diagnosed by a ≥ fourfold increase in antibody *** M. pneumoniae antibodies were routinely detected in children admitted with acute respiratory infection during a one-year period. The medical history was re-collected from children whose M. pneumoniae antibody titer increased≥fourfold at the bedside by a single person, and their frozen paired serum samples were measured again for the *** antibody *** Of the 635 children whose sera were detected for the M. pneumoniae antibody, paired sera were obtained from 82 and 29.3% （24/82） showed a ≥ fourfold increase in antibody titer. There were 24 cases, nine boys and 15 girls, aged from two to 14 years, whose second serum samples were taken on day 9 at the earliest after symptom onset; the shortest interval was three days. All children presented with a high fever （≥38.5℃） and coughing. Twenty-one had no nasal obstruction or a runny nose, and five had mild headaches which all were associated with the high fever. The disease was comparatively severe if the peak temperature was ＞39.5℃. All were diagnosed as having pneumonia through chest X-rays. Four had bilateral or multilobar involvement and their peak temperatures were all ≤ 39.5℃. None of the children had difficulty in breathing and all showed no signs of *** The second serum sample could be taken on day 9 at the earliest after symptom onset meant that paired sera could be used for the clinical diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children at the acute stage. M. pneumoniae is a lower respiratory tract pathogen. Extrapulmonary complications were rare and minor in our study. High peak temperature （＞39.5℃） is correlated

关键词： mycoplasma pneumonia children serum antibodies

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Abnormal expression of VEGF and its gene transcription status as diagnostic indicators in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

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Oncology and Translational Medicine 2015年第5期1卷 201-207页

作者： Yun Shi Yang Shi Xuli Yang Jianrong Chen Qi Qian Dengfu Yao Guangzhou Wu Research Center of Clinical Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Nantong University department of respiration Medicine The 1st People's Hospital of Nantong City

Objective Angiogenesis is known to be essential for the survival,growth,invasion,and metastasis of lung cancer cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is an important factor regulating angiogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC); however,its pathologic features and significance are unclear. In this study,the tissue VEGF expression levels and its gene transcriptional status,as well as circulating VEGF levels,were investigated in patients with lung disease. Methods VEGF protein and m RNA expression levels in 38 lung tissue samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),respectively. Circulating VEGF levels were detected quantitatively by an enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay. Results The level of VEGF expression was significantly higher in lung cancer tissue than in the corresponding paracancerous or non-cancerous tissues. The average level of VEGF-positive staining was 76% in tissue samples from NSCLC patients; the levels were 89% in tissue samples from stage III patients and 92% in stage IV patients. High VEGF expression was also evident in cases with lymph node metastasis(84%),distant metastasis(90%),and lower differentiation degree(89%). VEGF m RNA in cancerous tissues was represented predominantly by the VEGF121 and VEGF165 isoforms. Circulating VEGF levels were significantly higher in NSCLC patients [(840 ± 324) pg/m L] than in patients with benign lung diseases [(308 ± 96) pg/m L] or in healthy individuals serving as controls [(252 ± 108) pg/m L]. Conclusion The over-expression of lung VEGF and its gene transcription status should be useful molecular indicators for NSCLC diagnosis.

关键词： lung cancer vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) VEGF mRNA reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) immunohistochemistry

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Lynch syndrome pre-screening and comprehensive characterization in a multi-center large cohort of Chinese patients with colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第8期19卷 1235-1248页

作者： Yan Li Lihong Fan Jianming Zheng Xiu Nie Yu Sun Qin Feng Shenyi Lian Wenqi Bai Weijing Cai Yanan Yang Bo Su Yanfeng Xi Dongmei Lin department of Pathology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China department of respiration Medicine Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200072China department of Pathology Changhai Hospital of ShanghaiShanghai 200433China department of Pathology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China department of Colorectal Surgery Shanxi Cancer HospitalTaiyuan 030013China Shanghai Tongshu Biotechnology Co. LtdShanghai 200120China department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Central Laboratory Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200433China department of Pathology Shanxi Cancer HospitalTaiyuan 030013China

Objective:Lynch syndrome(LS)pre-screening methods remain under-investigated in colorectal cancers(CRCs)in ***,we aimed to systematically investigate LS pre-screening and comprehensively characterize LS ***:Microsatellite instability(MSI)and germline variants of DNA mismatch repair(MMR)genes were examined in 406 deficient MMR(dMMR)and 250 proficient MMR *** genetic differences between LS and sporadic CRCs were studied with whole exome sequencing ***:The incidence of dMMR in Chinese patients with CRCs was 13.8%.Consistency analysis between MMR immunohistochemistry(IHC)and MSI testing showed the kappa value was *** next-generation sequencing(NGS),germline variants were detected in 154 ***,88 patients with CRC were identified as having LS by Sanger *** them,we discovered 21 previously unreported pathogenic germline variants of MMR *** patients with LS,compared with sporadic CRCs,tended to be early-onset,right-sided,early-stage and ***,the performance of MMR IHC and MSI testing for LS pre-screening was comparable:the area under the ROC curve for dMMR,MSI-H,and MSI-H/L was 0.725,0.750,and 0.745,***_MSI-H LS and sporadic CRCs showed substantial differences in somatic genetic characteristics,including different variant frequencies of APC,CREBBP,and KRAS,as well as different enriched pathways of VEGF,Notch,TGFβR,mTOR,ErbB,and Rac protein signal ***:MMR IHC and MSI testing were effective methods for LS *** revealed clinical and somatic genetic characteristics in LS CRCs may have the potential to improve the performance of LS pre-screening in combination with dMMR/MSI.

关键词： Microsatellite instability mismatch repair sequencing Lynch syndrome somatic genetic characteristics

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Evaluation of Rhizobium tropici-Derived Extracellular Polymeric Substances on Selected Soil Properties, Seed Germination, and Growth of Black-Eyed Peas (Vigna unguiculata)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 548-564页

作者： Jonathan Alunge Metuge Erneste Havugimana Jean Rugandirababisha Zachary N. Senwo Marie Chantal Mutimawurugo department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Alabama A & M University Normal AL USA department of Crop Science College of Agriculture Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda (UR-CAVM) Kigali Rwanda

Rhizobium tropici-derived extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have been used in soils to enhance soil structures and mitigate soil erosions. However, information on their use to improve soil health and fertility indicators, and plant growth is limited. In a greenhouse study, we investigated their effects on some soil health, soil fertility indices, and the growth of black-eyed peas (Vigna unguiculate). Results showed that soils incubated with EPS significantly increased basal soil respiration, soil microbial biomass, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POC), and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN). The EPS shifted microbial populations from bacteria to fungi and Gram (−ve) to Gram ( ve) bacteria. However, it had little or no effects on soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The EPS decreased soil moisture loss, increased soil aggregate stability, but delayed blacked-eyed peas germinations in the soils. At 0.1% (w/w) concentrations in soils, there was increase in plant root nodulations and vegetative growth. This study was carried out within 40 days of incubating soils with EPS or growing the black-eyed peas in a greenhouse study. The plant growth parameters were taken before flowering and fruiting. Further studies of the effects of incubating soils with the extracellular polymeric substances on plant growth. Soil microbial biomass, microbial diversities, and other soil fertility indices are deemed necessary.

关键词： Rhizobium tropici Extracellular Polymeric Substances Soil respiration Soil Microbial Biomass Black-Eyed Peas

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