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Effects of Acute Exercise on Verbal, Mathematical, and Spatial Insight Creativity

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第1期5卷 87-96页

作者： Myungjin Jung Emily Frith Minsoo Kang Paul D.Loprinzi Exercise and Memory Laboratory Department of HealthExercise Science and Recreation ManagementThe University of MississippiUniversityOxfordMS 38677USA Health and Sport Analytics Laboratory Department of HealthExercise Science and Recreation ManagementThe University of MississippiUniversityOxfordMS 38677USA Center for Healthy Aging College of Health and Human DevelopmentPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

This experiment was designed to accommodate the diversified verbal,mathematical,and spatial skills of young adults,which have not yet to be collectively evaluated in research projects focused on acute exercise and creativity among college *** emerging research suggests that acute moderate-intensity exercise may influence human creativity,creativity during and after exercise has not been experimentally *** differences are plausible,as previous work demonstrates that memory can be differentially influenced based on whether the memory task occurs during or after ***,the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute moderate‐intensity treadmill walking,for 15 min,on verbal,mathematical,and spatial insight creativity performance while considering the timing of the exercise and creativity *** a sample of 20 undergraduate students,all completed three randomized laboratory visits in this within-subjects design:control condition,insight problem-solving following exercise,and insight problem-solving during *** also completed six insight creativity tasks(two verbal,two mathematical,and two spatial tasks)per visit,with the order of task-presentation randomized and counterbalanced across the three *** insight creativity scores were similar across the three exercise manipulations:That is,verbal insight[F(2,18)=0.689,P=0.51],mathematical insight[F(2,18)=0.033,P=0.97],and spatial insight[F(2,18)=1.0,P=0.38]performance were not statistically significant across the three ***,moderate-intensity acute exercise may not appreciably influence verbal,mathematical or spatial insight creativity.

关键词： Convergent thinking Creativity research methodology Embodied cognition Executive function Physical activity

HSR mechanisms and effects on the spatial structure of regional tourism in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2016年第12期26卷 1725-1753页

作者：汪德根王莉陈田陆林牛玉 ALAN August Lew School of Architecture Soochow University College of Territorial Resources and Tourism in Anhui Normal University Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS department of Tourism Recreation and Sport Management University of Florida department of Geography Planning and Recreation Northern Arizona University

Chinese railway has entered the ＂HSR era＂, while the structure of ＂four vertical and four horizontal＂ railways for transit passengers is almost completed. Taking the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Rail （hereinafter referred to as HSR） as an example, this paper first explores HSR＇s effects on the spatial structure of regional tourist flows using the social network analysis. Next, it notes changes in the accessibility of regional transportation. After analyzing the factors including initial endowment of regional tourism resources, hospitality facilities, the density of the regional tourism transportation network, and locations, the paper discusses the mechanisms through which HSR affects regional tourist flows. The study shows the following：（1） HSR＇s effects on the spatial structure of regional tourist flows are manifested through the Matthew effect, the filtering effect, the diffusion effect and the overlying effect, and （2） the Matthew effect of HSR is manifested under an obvious interaction of the location, the initial endowment of tourism resources, hospitality capacity, tourist transportation network density and ＂time-space compression＂. The filtering effect of HSR is manifested for those tourism nodes without favorable location conditions, endowment of tourism resources, hospitality capacity, or tourist transportation network density and without obvious benefits from ＂time-space compression＂. Those tourism nodes that boast advantages in terms of lo- cation condition, endowment of tourism resources, hospitality capacity, tourist transportation network density and obvious ＂time-space compression＂ will become sources for the diffusion effect. HSR will strengthen the aggregation effects of tourist flow in these diffusion sources, which will thereafter diffuse to peripheral tourist areas, manifesting ＂aggregation-diffusion＂. HSR has overlapped tourists＇ spatial traveling range over large-scale spaces. However, the overlying effect is only generated in those tourism nod

关键词： spatial structure HSR effect mechanism Beijing-Shanghai HSR

Effects of Foot Rotation on ACL Injury Risk Variables During Drop Landing

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第1期2卷 59-68页

作者： Shelby A.Peel Tanner A.Thorsen Liesel G.Schneider Joshua T.Weinhandl department of Kinesiology Recreationand Sport StudiesThe University of TennesseeKnoxville1914 Andy Holt AveKnoxvilleTN 37996USA department of Animal Science The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleKnoxvilleTNUSA

Purpose Landing is considered a"high-risk"movement for anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)*** progression angle(FPA)during landing has been shown to influence hip,knee,and ankle *** purpose of this study was to compare five FPA conditions during drop landings between males and *** Twenty males and females were tested using five FPA conditions:self-selected,toe-in 15°,toe-in 30°,toe-out 15°,and toe-out 30°.Right hip,knee,and ankle joint kinematics and kinetics were collected using a 12-camera motion capture system and two force *** successful trials were collected and compared between FPA *** The main effect for FPA condition was statistically different for initial contact hip flexion,hip abduction,hip internal rotation,knee flexion,knee abduction,knee external rotation,and ankle inversion angles compared to self-selected FPA at P<*** hip extension,hip abduction,knee adduction,knee internal rotation,ankle plantar flexion,and ankle inversion moments were also found to be statistically significant(P<0.05).Overall,females experienced greater initial knee abduc-tion angle(P=0.028),hip abduction moment(P=0.006),knee extension moment(P=0.033),and knee internal rotation moment(P=0.044),regardless of FPA *** experienced greater initial contact hip abduction angle(P=0.0017),regardless of FPA *** The results suggest that landing with large toe-in FPA will increase the magnitude of ACL injury risk variables,and females demonstrated a greater magnitude in these variables compared to *** prevention programs may seek to target FPA as part of training activities to avoid large FPA toe-in landings.

关键词： FPA Anterior cruciate ligament Landing Injury

The effects of a daily, 6-week exergaming curriculum on balance in fourth grade children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2013年第3期2卷 131-137页

作者： Dwayne P.Sheehan Larry Katz department of Physical Education and recreation Studies Mount Royal University Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary

Balance is an essential component of movement and is critical in the ability to participate in physical activity. Developing an exergaming curriculum for schools has the potential to improve balance or postural stability in children. In this study, a purposely-built exergaming center in an elementary school was used to test fourth grade students with a specially designed exergaming curriculum oriented toward improving postural stability. The program was implemented over a 6-week period, 34 min per day, 4-5 days per week. Two control groups were used：（1） a physical education （PE） class geared toward agility, balance, and coordination （ABC） improvement, and （2） a typical PE curriculum class. Exergaming students improved their postural stability significantly over a 6-week period compared to those in the typical PE class. Improvements in postural stability were also evident in the ABC class. Postural stability in the girls was better than the boys in all pre- and post-intervention tests. This study demonstrates that exergaming is a practical resource in the PE class to improve postural stability.

关键词： Balance Children Elementary school Exergaming Fundamental movement skills

Does Engaging in Acute Exercise Prior to Memory Encoding and During Memory Consolidation have an Additive Effect on Long-Term Memory Function?

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第1期2卷 77-81页

作者： Paul D.Loprinzi Morgan Chism Sarah Marable Exercise and Memory Laboratory Department of HealthExercise Science and Recreation ManagementThe University of Mississippi229 Turner Center UniversityUniversityMS 38677USA

Previous work has demonstrated that acute exercise prior to memory encoding may enhance long-term ***,other work demonstrates that acute exercise during the memory consolidation period may also enhance long-term memory ***,no study has evaluated whether long-term memory is enhanced when an acute bout of exercise occurs during both of these time periods,when compared to just prior to memory encoding.A within-subject randomized con-trolled intervention was *** separate laboratory visits,participants completed two main protocols,including(1)exercise before memory encoding and(2)exercise before and after memory ***-term memory was assessed,via a word-list task,from a 20-min delay period and a 24-h delay *** observed a significant main effect for time,F(8,176)=529.5,P<0.001,ηp^(2)=0.96,but no significant main effect for condition,F(l,22)=0.08,P=0.77,ηp^(2)=0.004,or time by condition interaction,F(8,176)=0.19,P=0.99,ηp^(2)=*** conclusion,there was no difference in long-term memory function when comparing acute exercise only prior to memory encoding *** exercise both before and immediately after memory encoding.

关键词： Episodic memory Encoding Consolidation Physical activity

Do China's Outward Direct Investors Prefer Countries with High Political Risk? An International and Empirical Comparison

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China & World Economy 2014年第6期22卷 22-43页

作者： Jiann-jong Guo Guo-chen Wang Chien-hung Tung Institute of China Studies Tamkang University department of Humanities and Social Science Taiwan Normal University Graduate Program of Landscape Architecture and recreation National Chung-Hsing University

This paper focuses on a conventional debate regarding whether Chinese outward direct investors tend to invest in countries with high political risk. Using 2003 -2011 data from the World Bank, the Heritage Foundation and the KOF Swiss Economic Institute, we investigate China ＇s political risk distribution and political risk index （PRI）. Our results indicate that China ＂s political risk index was ranked 48th among 153 economies in 2011, in the lower risk level of the PRI spectrum. In an international comparison of political risk distribution, the proportion of Chinese outward direct investment （ODI） among countries with high political risk is less than the world average. The Chinese ODI political risk index has significantly improved and remains lower than the world average. To improve Chinese ODI PRI, the Chinese Government should continue to implement differentiation strategies and to offer official development assistance to improve the investment environment in developing countries and reduce political risk.

关键词： government policy outward direct investment political risk distribution political risk index principal component analysis

Epidemiology of exercise-related injuries among children

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Health 2012年第9期4卷 625-628页

作者： Ches Jones Bart Hammig department of Health Human Performance and Recreation University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of injuries from exercise not involving equipment among children 18 and under. Methods included a retrospective review of data for children birth to 18 years old from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance (NEISS) system of the US consumer Product Safety Commission for the years 2005-2009. A total of 5093 cases were identified and would result in an estimated 175,000 injuries in the US. The most common type of injury was a sprain/strain to the ankle (20%). Four out of five injuries were among children between 10 and 18. Injuries occurring at school accounted for 40% of the injuries. Exercise-related injuries are common among older children and often occur in schools or recreational environments but are usually minor. School officials and athletic personnel should make efforts to provide proper instruction on exercise activities and have resources to provide emergency care for injuries.

关键词： Exercise Children Adolescents Running

Determination of functional fitness age in women aged 50 and older

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 267-272页

作者： Edgar Johani Latorre-Rojas Joan Antoni Prat-Subirana Xavier Peirau-Terés Sebastià Mas-Alòs José Vicente Beltrán-Garrido Antoni Planas-Anzano National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia University of Lleida Physical Fitness Sport and Recreation Department Floridablanca Campus University Santo Tomas Aquino department of Nursery and Physiotherapy University of Lleida EUSES TE Health and Sport Science School Rovira i Virgili University

Background: The construction of useful and attainable indicators of fitness assessment deserves special attention in clinical practice. We aimed to construct an indicator of the functional fitness age(FFA) of women aged 50 and older by an equation using fitness outcomes and its correlation with chronological age(CA) and to analyze the external validity of our results by comparing our sample to ***: Participants(n=459, age: 70.3 ± 7.9 years, mean ± SD) were evaluated using the Senior Fitness Test battery. We applied a multiple regression and a subsequent Holt's exponential smoothing to analyze the ***: We obtained a statistically significant expression of F(6, 452) = 328.384; p < 0.0005 in which the coefficients of the equation explain81% of variability(R_(corrected)~2 = 0.813). The equation correlates fitness assessment in women aged 50 and over with regards to CA:FFA = 40.146 + 0.350 X CS(stand)-0.714 X AC(rep)-0.110 X ST(step)-0.177 X CSR(cm)-0.101 X BS(cm) + 8.835 X FUG(s) where CS means chair stand test, AC. means arm curl test, ST means 2-min step test, CSR means chair sit-and-reach test, BS means back scratch test, FUG means 8-foot up-and-go test. We compared this index with percentiles distribution from our sample and from other ***: We suggest the use of FFA as a valid indicator of fitness in adult and senior women as well as a useful motivational tool to undertake exercise programs.

关键词： Disability Elderly Exercise Fitness assessment Health outcomes Senior Fitness Test

The Impacts of Physical Exercise on Stress Coping and Well-Being in University Students in the Context of Leisure

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Health 2014年第19期6卷 2570-2580页

作者： Jong-Ho Kim Larry A. McKenzie department of Health Education and recreation Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL USA

This study aims at investigating the in-depth information regarding impacts of physical exercise on psychological well-being in university students with an emphasis on coping with stress in the context of leisure. A qualitative research, based on interview to draw findings in an inductive way, was conducted. Nine university students (N = 9) in a large mid-west university took part in a face- to face, semi-structured interviews using ten open-ended questions with respect to benefits of leisure time physical exercise. The interview on the basis of phenomenological research examined what the participants experienced with leisure time physical exercise in conjunction with stress coping and mental health. Meaningful units of themes were induced with 24 initially drawn themes. These themes were reduced to 8 comprehensive constituent themes: self-efficacy, positive emotion, mind and body, health-behaviors, self-esteem, leisure, problem-focused coping, and positive expectancy. These reduced themes were finally boiled down to 6 integrated themes: positive emotion, unity of mind and body, heightened self-esteem, leisure, problem-focused coping, and self-regulation of health behavior. This research may shed a light in illuminating potential mechanism of how regular physical exercise is conducive to enhanced health behavior as well as effective stress coping in university students in the context of leisure. In particular, this research appears to be meaningful in suggesting that regular leisure-time physical exercise can lead to an effective problem-focused coping through elicitation of positive emotion.

关键词： Physical Exercise Leisure Positive Emotion Stress Coping and Well-Being