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Prevalence of Occupational Injury and Knowledge of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Accessibility among Healthcare Workers in Mogadishu, Somalia

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第3期12卷 172-198页

作者： Yonis Abdullahi Ahmed Anshur Abdishakur Mohamud Sheik Miski Abdullahi Roble Abdullahi Mohamed Yasin Abdullahi Ali Mohamed Fardowso Ali Mohamud Abdimalik Dahir Abdi Ikran Abdullahi Isse Warda Adan Ibrahim Mohamed Jimale Adan Ugbad Ahmed Daud Ahmed Aweis Abdullahi Mohamed Hassan Fujeyra College of Medicine and Health Science Abrar University Mogadishu Somalia directorate of Health-Banadir Regional Administration Mogadishu Somalia Mogadishu Somali Trkiye Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia department Faculty of Medicine and Surgery Zamzam University of Science and Technology Mogadishu Somalia Banadir Maternity and Childhood Hospital Mogadishu Somalia department Faculty of Medicine and Surgery Banadir University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Medicine & Surgery Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia

Introduction: Healthcare workers in Mogadishu, Somalia face significant occupational injury risks, particularly needle stick injuries, with 61.1% reporting incidents. This poses a serious threat to their health, leading to infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Despite the high prevalence of injuries, awareness of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) accessibility is relatively high, with 84.0% of respondents aware of it. However, there are gaps in knowledge and implementation, as evidenced by variations in availability of PEP. Improving workplace safety measures, providing comprehensive training on injury prevention and PEP protocols, and ensuring consistent availability of PEP in healthcare facilities are crucial steps to safeguard the well-being of healthcare workers in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital workers in Mogadishu, Somalia, focusing on professionals from various healthcare facilities. The study targeted nurses, doctors, laboratory personnel, and pharmacists. Purposive sampling was employed, resulting in a sample size of 383 calculated using Fisher’s sample size formula. Data were collected using coded questionnaires entered into Microsoft Excel 2019 and analyzed with SPSS software to generate frequencies and proportions, presented through frequency tables and pie figures. Results: The study in Mogadishu, Somalia, examined the prevalence of occupational injuries and knowledge of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) accessibility among healthcare workers. Findings indicate a high prevalence of injuries, with 61.1% reporting incidents, predominantly needle stick injuries (60.6%). Despite the majority seeking prompt medical attention (72.0%), work-related illnesses affected 53.2% of respondents, notably work-related stress (59.5%). While most received training on injury and illness prevention (68.9%), gaps exist in PEP awareness, with 16.0% unaware of it. Nonetheless, 84.0% were aware, predominantly throu

关键词： Prevalence of Occupational Injury Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Accessibility Healthcare Workers Needle Stick Injuries Infections (Hepatitis B Hepatitis C HIV) Awareness Knowledge Workplace Safety PEP Availability Blood-Borne Diseases Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) HIV PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis)

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Tectonic Setting of the Kadiri Schist Belt, Andhra Pradesh, India

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第6期91卷 1992-2006页

作者： Sukanta GOSWAMI Pradeep K.UPADHYAY Purnajit BHATTACHARJEE Malaiandi G.MURUGAN Atomic Minerals directorate for Exploration and Research department of Atomic Energy

Plate tectonic activity has played a critical role in the development of petrotectonic associations in the Kadiri schist belt. The calc alkaline association of basalt, andesite, dacite and rhyolite （BADR） is the signature volcanic rock suite of the convergent margin. The N-S belt has gone below the unconformity plane of Cuddapah sediments. In the northern part geochemical and structural attributes of the Kadiri greenstone belt is studied along with microscopic observations of selected samples. Harker diagram plots of major elements generally indicate a liquid line of descent from a common source, such that BADR rocks are derived from a common parent magma of basaltic to andesitic composition. These calc-alkaline volcanic rocks are formed at convergent margins where more silicic rocks represent more highly fractionated melt. All the litho-units of this greenstone belt indicate crush and strain effects. The stretched pebbles in the deformed volcanic matrix with tectonite development along with associated greenschist facies metamorphism, alteration and hydration is remarkable. Flow foliation plane with N-S strike and very low angle （5~ to 10~） easterly dip and N-S axial planar schistosity formed due to later phase isoclinal folding can be clearly identified in the field. Basic intrusives are quite common in the surrounding area. All the observations including the field setting and geochemistry clearly demonstrate ocean-continent subduction as the tectonic environment of the study area.

关键词： Kadiri schist belt Tectonics Unconformity contact Ocean-continent subduction Andhra Pradesh Cuddapah basin Greenstone belt

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Hyperhomocysteinemia and Associated Biological Markers in a Congolese Population of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 123-134页

作者： V. R. Ikia Monde A. L. M. Boumba E. Mokondjimobe H. Poaty G. Loubano-Voumbi W. F. Ondongo A. G. Mayindou Kimbangu K. Onanga F. Elilie Mawa Ongoth E. Bouenizabila C. Andres H. G. Monabeka Biochemistry Laboratory Service University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Research Area of Pointe-Noire National Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSSA) Pointe-Noire Congo Microbiology and Molecular Biology department Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo LOMO Research University Kinshasa DRC department of Statistics Health Information and Epidemiology Surveillance Departmental Directorate of Health Care and Services Brazzaville Congo department of Endocrinology University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bretonneau Regional University Hospital Tours France

The search for new biomarkers predictive of type 2 diabetes currently constitutes a research avenue in Bioclinical. Total homocysteine remains a preferred target due to its involvement in the occurrence of degenerative complications in type 2 diabetics. The aim of this work was to study hyperhomocysteinemia and other biochemical markers associated with T2D in the Congolese population. This was an analytical case-control study carried out between October 2022 and October 2023. The study population consisted of 150 subjects including 100 T2D patients and 50 control subjects. The main clinical data were collected on a pre-established form. Homocysteine determination was carried out by the sandwich ELISA method. The other biochemical markers were measured by colorimetric enzymatic methods. Hyperhomocysteinemia was present in 27.3% (41/150) of the entire study population. Type 2 diabetics had a frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia of 36% (36/100) and control 10% (5/50) (p = 0.001). The mean hyperhomocysteinemia concentration was 31.9 μmol/l with extremes ranging from 18 to 103 μmol/l. Means of biological markers between diabetics and controls showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01). The risk factors associated with this HHcy were: sex (OR = 3.5), age (OR = 9.4), sedentary lifestyle (OR = 3.4) and glycosylated hemoglobin (OR = 12) with a p-value <0.05 respectively. Our results suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia can be considered as a predictive biomarker in the bioclinic of Congolese type 2 diabetic patients.

关键词： Hyperhomocysteinemia Biological Markers T2DM Brazzaville

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HIV Status Disclosure Rate to a Sexual Partner, Associated Factors and Outcomes among Pregnant Women in PMTCT Care in Two Large HIV Facilities in Abuja, Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 193-209页

作者： Prosper Okonkwo Oluseye Ajayi Ojukwu Chinonso Nnenna Abiodun Isah Program department APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria community Medicine department Bingham University Karu Nigeria prevention and community Service directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Clinical Service directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria

HIV status disclosure to partners is critical in improving the health and well-being of mother-infant dyad in the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child (PMTCT) program. This study assesses the HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners, associated factors, and outcomes among women in the PMTCT program in two large HIV clinics in Abuja, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage sampling technique in selecting 220 pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT care in two clinics. Outcomes measures include HIV status disclosure to intimate partner, women’s viral suppression status (suppressed < 1000 copies/mL, unsuppressed ≥ 1000 copies/mL), and previous MTCT experience. Exposure variables include the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics and HIV care history. Data were presented using frequency tables. Simple and multivariate logistic regression was done to ascertain the predictors of HIV status disclosure and assess the association between HIV disclosure, viral suppression, and MTCT experience at a p-value of less than 0.05. Only 205 (96.7%) entries were completed and analyzed A larger percentage of the participants were married women, 158 (77.1%), within the age group 26 - 35 years (53.3%). Women’s HIV status disclosure rate to intimate partners was 49.3% (101/205). Factors associated with HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners at the univariate level were the participant’s age, Christian religion [COR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.04 - 3.21, p = 0.04], full employment [COR: 1.92, 95%CI: 1.10 - 3.34, p = 0.02], HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [COR: 2.88, 95%CI: 1.26 - 6.59, p < 0.01], duration on antiretroviral therapy [COR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.13, p = 0.03], and knowledge of partner’s HIV status [COR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.08 - 0.51, p < 0.01]. Only HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [AOR: 3.27, 95%CI: 1.23 - 8.70, p < 0.01] and awareness of the partner’s HIV status, [AOR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.06 - 0.49, p < 0.01] were significant predict

关键词： HIV Status Disclosure Intimate Partner PMTCT Pregnant Women

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The Influence of Tartaric Acid in the Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Response Surface Methodology

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 245-258页

作者： Yatim Lailun Ni’mah Afaf Baktir Dewi Santosaningsih Suprapto Suprapto Chemistry department Faculty of Science and Data AnalyticsInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabayaIndonesia Chemistry department Faculty of Science and TechnologyAirlangga UniversitySurabayaIndonesia department Clinical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineBrawijaya UniversityMalangIndonesia

Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)synthesized using tartaric acid as a capping agent have a great impact on the reaction kinetics and contribute significantly to the stability of *** protective layer formed by tartaric acid is an important factor that protects the silver surface and reduces potential cytotoxicity *** attributes are critical for assessing the compatibility of AgNPs with biological systems and making them suitable for drug delivery *** aim of this research is to conduct a comprehensive study of the effect of tartaric acid concentration,sonication time and temperature on the formation of silver *** Response Surface Methodology(RSM)with Face-Centered Central Composite Design(FCCD),the optimization process identifies the most favorable synthesis ***-Vis spectrum regression analysis shows that AgNPs stabilized with tartaric acid are more stable than AgNPs without tartaric *** highlights the increased stability that tartaric acid provides in AgNP *** size distribution analysis showed a multimodal distribution for AgNPs with tartaric acid and showed the smallest size peak with an average size of 20.53 *** second peak with increasing intensity shows a dominant average size of 108.8 nm accompanied by one standard deviation of 4.225 nm and a zeta potential of−11.08 *** contrast,AgNPs synthesized with polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)showed a unimodal particle distribution with an average particle size of 81.62 nm and a zeta potential of−2.96 *** more negative zeta potential of AgNP-tartaric acid indicates its increased *** of antibacterial activity showed that AgNPs stabilized with tartaric acid showed better performance against *** and *** bacteria compared with *** summary,this study highlights the potential of tartaric acid in AgNP synthesis and suggests an avenue for the development of stable AgNPs with versatile applications.

关键词： Tartaric acid silver nanoparticle polyvinyl pyrrolidone response surface methodology

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Surface radioactive anomalies at Srisailam sub basin,Cuddapah basin,India

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2015年第2期34卷 265-271页

作者： Vishnu Bhoopathi S.Niranjan Kumar R.S.N.Sastry B.Srinivas department of Applied Geochemistry Osmania University Atomic Mineral directorate for Exploration and Research

Surface radioactive survey has been carried with portable gamma ray spectrometer(PGRS) about the 45 km2 around the Srisailam sub basin,the surface radioactive anomalies were found at Chennakesavula gutta in the Srisailam sub basin of Cuddapah basin in the age of meso-neo proterozoic,*** integrated geochemical and radiometric surveys were conducted as part of research work in the Srisailam basin,it has resulted the locating of surface radioactive anomalies near the Chennakesavula *** uranium minerals are observed along with the fracture planes in the Archean basement granite in the proximity of unconformity contact of Srisailam *** granite underlies the Srisailam formation and forms the source for possible unconformity related uranium mineralisation in the Srisailam sub-basin evidence by the significant radioactive *** radioactivity recorded by PGRS reflected uraniferous nature of the radioactivity(Average total counts =195 ppm;U = 202 ppm;Th =22ppm;%K = 4.1,n = 15).

关键词：放射性异常表面印度分盆 γ射线谱仪放射性调查 m盆地地球化学

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Geochemistry of the Palaeo–Mesoproterozoic Tadpatri shales,Cuddapah basin, India: implications on provenance,paleoweathering and paleoredox conditions

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第5期37卷 715-733页

作者： Rahul Mitra Gopal Chakrabarti Debasish Shome department of Geological Sciences Jadavpur University Education directorate Government of West Bengal

The Palaeo–Mesoproterozoic Tadapatri formation of the Cuddapah basin is comprised of clastic sedimentary rocks with minor carbonates and mafic–ultramafic sill bodies. Geochemistry of the shale is used to study the provenance, paleoweathering and paleoredox conditions of this Tadpatri formation in order to better understand the development of the Cuddapah basin during Palaeo–Mesoproterozoic time. The higher CIA(average 74.39), PIA(average 85.94) and CIW(average 87.59) values of the Tadpatri shales suggest intensely weathered *** Al2_ O_3/TiO_2(average 30.78) and LREE/HREE ratio(average 8.80) with negative europium anomaly indicate derivation of the clastic sediments from a felsic source rock. The geochemical parameters like U, U/Th, Cu/Zn,Ni/Co, V/Cr ratios reveal that the Tadpatri shales are mainly deposited in an oxic condition.

关键词： Tadpatri Provenance Paleoweathering Paleoredox Geochemistry

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The role of disaggregated renewable energy consumption on income and load capacity factor:A novel inclusive sustainable growth approach

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 39-49页

作者： Ugur Korkut Pata Qiang Wang Mustafa Tevfik Kartal Arshian Sharif Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Faculty of Economics and Administrative SciencesDepartment of EconomicsMerkez80000 OsmaniyeTurkey Adnan Kassar School of Business Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon School of Economics and Management China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China Borsa Istanbul Strategic Planning Financial Reportingand Investor Relations Directorate34467İstanbulTurkey Sunway University department of Economics&Finance Subang JayaMalaysia University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw WarsawPoland

Stimulating renewable energy consumption is a major focus of the Sustainable Development Goals in combating climate change and global *** International Energy Agency estimates that renewable energy consumption should be doubled to achieve the COP21 *** this context,the question is whether renewable energy types promote the improvement of ecological quality and economic *** studies have investigated the influence of renewable energy on ecological pollution using carbon dioxide emissions or ecological footprint indicators,which only represent the pollution caused by human consumption patterns,and these indicators neglect the supply *** by this point,this study uses the LCF(Load Capacity Factor)as an environmental indicator and examines the causality relationship among different types of renewable energy,income,and environmental quality in the USA,while also incorporating employment and capital stock into the *** using the Fourier causality test with the wavelet-decomposed series,the study explores for the validity of the renewable energy-based growth hypothesis and answers to the question of whether there is a causal effect of renewable energy types on environmental *** results demonstrate that there is a bidirectional causality between total renewable energy,wood,biomass,and economic growth as well as between these renewable energy types and the LCF.

关键词： Load capacity factor Economic growth Renewable energy Fourier approximation Emvironmental quality

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Prediction of Vibration Characteristics in Beam Structure Using Sub-Scale Modeling with Experimental Validation

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第5期28卷 928-934页

作者： ZAI Behzad Ahmed SAMI Saad KHAN M Amir AHMAD Furqan PARK Myung Kyun Structure Design and Development directorate Institute of Space Technology department of Civil and Environmental Engineering KAIST department of Mechanical Engineering Myongji University

Geometric or sub-scale modeling techniques are used for the evaluation of large and complex dynamic structures to ensure accurate reproduction of load path and thus leading to true dynamic characteristics of such structures. The sub-scale modeling technique is very effective in the prediction of vibration characteristics of original large structure when the experimental testing is not feasible due to the absence of a large testing facility. Previous researches were more focused on free and harmonic vibration case with little or no consideration for readily encountered random vibration. A sub-scale modeling technique is proposed for estimating the vibration characteristics of any large scale structure such as Launch vehicles, Mega structures, etc., under various vibration load cases by utilizing precise scaled-down model of that dynamic structure. In order to establish an analytical correlation between the original structure and its scaled models, different scale models of isotropic cantilever beam are selected and analyzed under various vibration conditions（ i.e. free, harmonic and random） using finite element package ANSYS. The developed correlations are also validated through experimental testing The prediction made from the vibratory response of the scaled-down beam through the established sets of correlation are found similar to the response measured from the testing of original beam structure. The established correlations are equally applicable in the prediction of dynamic characteristics of any complex structure through its scaled-down models. This paper presents modified sub-scale modeling technique that enables accurate prediction of vibration characteristics of large and complex structure under not only sinusoidal but also for random vibrations.

关键词： sub-scale modeling resonance frequency vibration characteristics scale factors power spectral density

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis A antibodies among children in a Saudi community

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第4期3卷 278-282页

作者： Abdel-Hady El-Gilany Sabry Hammad Khaled Refaat Reda Al-Enazi Family and community Medicine department College of Medicine in Al-HassaKing Faisal UniversitySaudi Arabia Preventive Medicine Directorate of Health of the Northern BordersSaudi Arabia Arar Central Hospital Saudi Arabia

Objective:To determine the current seroprevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A virus in selected group of children aged 1-6 years in Northern borders region,Saudi Arabia,and to identify risk factors for ***:A cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study of 950 children who attended 10 randomly selected primary health care centers(5 urban and 5 rural) was *** of all children were subjected to a questionnaire including sociodemographic and housing environmental *** determination of anti-HAV antibodies was carried out by ***:The prevalence of HAV-IgG was 33.8%overall,35.5%among males and 32.0%among females with no statistically significant *** logistic regression analysis revealed that increasing age,rural residence,non Saudi nationality,and non availability of safe municipal water source were the most important independent predictors for HAV seropositivity in the studied ***:There is a clear decrease in hepatitis A prevalence in the studied children particularly in urban areas and indicates that a transition may be underway to intermediate endemicity and possible shift of the risk to the adult age with increased ***,we recommend including Hepatitis A in the schedule of routine childhood vaccinations.

关键词： Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Risk factors

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