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Reconstruction of postinfarcted Cardiac Functions Through Injection of Tanshinone IIA@ Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Microspheres Encapsulated in a Thermoreversible Hydrogel

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 191-203页

作者： Ling Yu Yubin Liang Lei Gao Peipei Chen Zhiqiang Yu Minzhou Zhang Aleksander Hinek Shuai Mao Second clinical College Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine department of Critical Care medicine Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Branch of National clinical research Centre for Chinese medicine Cardiology department of Radiation medicine and Applied Sciences University of California San Diego department of Laboratory medicine Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research Affiliated Dongguan Hospital Southern Medical University Translational medicine Hospital for Sick Children

Myocardial damage resulting from acute myocardial infarction often leads to progressive heart failure and sudden death, highlighting the urgent clinical need for effective therapies. Recently, tanshinone IIA has been identified as a promising therapeutic agent for myocardial infarction. However, efficient delivery remains a major issue that limits clinical translation. To address this problem, an injectable thermosensitive poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) gel(PLGA-PEG-PLGA) system encapsulating tanshinone IIA-loaded reactive oxygen species-sensitive microspheres(Gel-MS/tanshinone IIA) has been designed and synthesized in this study. The thermosensitive hydrogel exhibits good mechanical properties after reaching body temperature. Microspheres initially immobilized by the gel exhibit excellent reactive oxygen speciestriggered release properties in a high-reactive oxygen species environment after myocardial infarction onset. As a result, encapsulated tanshinone IIA is effectively released into the infarcted myocardium, where it exerts local antipyroptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. Importantly, the combined advantages of this technique contribute to the mitigation of left ventricular remodeling and the restoration of cardiac function following tanshinone ***, this novel, precision-guided intra-tissue therapeutic system allows for customized local release of tanshinone IIA, presenting a promising alternative treatment strategy aimed at inducing beneficial ventricular remodeling in the post-infarct heart.

关键词： myocardial infarction ROS-sensitive polymer tanshinone IIA thermoreversible hydrogel ventricular remodeling

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Colorectal cancer cell dormancy:An insight into pathways

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3810-3817页

作者： Anil Kumar Lekha Saha department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Cancer cell dormancy(CCD)in colorectal cancer(CRC)poses a significant challenge to effective *** CRC,CCD contributes to tumour recurrence,drug resistance,and amplifying the disease's *** molecular mechanisms governing CCD and strategies for eliminating dormant cancer cells remain largely ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms governing dormancy is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing targeted *** editorial highlights the complex interplay of signalling pathways and factors involved in colorectal CCD,emphasizing the roles of Hippo/YAP,pluripotent transcription factors such as NANOG,HIF-1αsignalling,and Notch signalling ***,ERK/p38α/β/MAPK pathways,AKT signalling pathway,and Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer,along with some potential less explored pathways such as STAT/p53 switch and canonical and non-canonical Wnt and SMAD signalling,are also involved in promoting colorectal *** their clinical significance,these findings may offer the potential for identifying key dormancy regulator pathways,improving treatment strategies,surmounting drug resistance,and advancing personalized medicine ***,insights into dormancy mechanisms could lead to the development of predictive biomarkers for identifying patients at risk of recurrence and the tailoring of targeted therapies based on individual dormancy *** is essential to conduct further research into these pathways and their modulation to fully comprehend CRC dormancy mechanisms and enhance patient outcomes.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer cell dormancy Cancer cell dormancy Pathways in colorectal cancer dormancy

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Understanding female urinary continencedlessons from complications of female urethral surgery

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 504-506页

作者： Sidhartha Kalra Atanu Kumar Pal Lalgudi Narayanan Dorairajan department of Urology and Renal Transplantation Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and ResearchPuducherryIndia

Dear Editor,We share our experience of two significant complications associated with female urethroplasty and their management in understanding the factors contributing to urinary *** have also tried to assess the different components of female urinary continence mechanism and the ways to combat the postoperative urinary continence while performing female urethral surgeries(Fig.1).Informed consent was taken from each of the patients before their evaluation and *** were explained properly and informed consents were taken from them before the publication of this article.

关键词： urinary female urethral

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Debate on direct-anterior vs posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty:The authors’insights

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 486-488页

作者： Deepak Kumar Tarkik Thami Manjunath Nishani department of Orthopedics Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

We read and discussed the study entitled“Complication rates after direct anterior vs posterior approach for Hip Hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with femoral neck fractures”with great *** authors have done justice to the topic of comparison of anterior and posterior surgical approaches for bipolar hemiarthroplasty which has been an everlasting debate in the existing ***,there are certain aspects of this study that need clarification from the authors.

关键词： Commentary Direct anterior approach posterior approach Hip hemiarthroplasty

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Atrial fibrillation and prediabetes:A liaison that merits attention!

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1645-1647页

作者： Akash Batta Juniali Hatwal department of Cardiology Dayanand Medical College and HospitalLudhiana 141001PunjabIndia department of Internal medicine Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education&ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Atrial fibrillation(AF)and prediabetes share common pathophysiological mechanisms with endothelial dysfunction and inflammation playing a key *** resultant vicious cycle which sets in culminates in a higher atherogenicity and thermogenicity of the vascular system resulting in increased major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular event(MACCE)***,the same has not convincingly been verified in real-world *** the recent retrospective study by Desai et al amongst AF patients being admitted to hospitals following MACCE,prediabetes emerged as an independent risk factor for MACCE after adjusting for all confounding ***,certain questions like the role of metformin,quantifying the risk for MACCE amongst prediabetes compared to diabetes,the positive impact of reversion to normoglycemia remain *** provide our insights and give future directions for dedicated research in this area to clarify the exact relationship between the two.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular event Prediabetes Diabetes Stroke Heart failure Dysglycemia Metformin

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Diabetes is affecting everyone everywhere

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 305-307页

作者： Parul Chawla Gupta Mona Duggal Arvind Kumar Morya department of Ophthalmology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education&ResearchChandigarh 160012PunjabIndia School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160002PunjabIndia department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia

The article titled“Accessibility and Utilization of Healthcare Services Among Diabetic Patients:Is Diabetes a Poor Man’s Ailment?”gave insights into a pandemic systemic disease known as diabetes *** modern-era pandemic affects everyone,regardless of their financial *** a result,diabetes is not a systemic disease which just involves people of low socioeconomic status.

关键词： Diabetes Incidence and prevalence Diabetes mellitus

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Intranasal administration of stem cell-derived exosomes for central nervous system diseases

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第6期19卷 1249-1255页

作者： Shuho Gotoh Masahito Kawabori Miki Fujimura department of Neurosurgery Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

Exosomes, lipid bilayer-enclosed small cellular vesicles, are actively secreted by various cells and play crucial roles in intercellular communication. These nanosized vesicles transport internalized proteins, mRNA, miRNA, and other bioactive molecules. Recent findings have provided compelling evidence that exosomes derived from stem cells hold great promise as a therapeutic modality for central nervous system disorders. These exosomes exhibit multifaceted properties including antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, neurogenic, and vasculogenic effects. Furthermore, exosomes offer several advantages over stem cell therapy, such as high preservation capacity, low immunogenicity, the ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier, and the potential for drug encapsulation. Consequently, researchers have turned their attention to exosomes as a novel therapeutic avenue. Nonetheless, akin to the limitations of stem cell treatment, the limited accumulation of exosomes in the injured brain poses a challenge to their clinical application. To overcome this hurdle, intranasal administration has emerged as a non-invasive and efficacious route for delivering drugs to the central nervous system. By exploiting the olfactory and trigeminal nerve axons, this approach enables the direct transport of therapeutics to the brain while bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Notably, exosomes, owing to their small size, can readily access the nerve pathways using this method. As a result, intranasal administration has gained increasing recognition as an optimal therapeutic strategy for exosomebased treatments. In this comprehensive review, we aim to provide an overview of both basic and clinical research studies investigating the intranasal administration of exosomes for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Furthermore, we elucidate the underlying therapeutic mechanisms and offer insights into the prospect of this approach.

关键词： central nervous system disease exosome extracellular vesicle intranasal administration stem cell

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Development of pulmonary hypertension remains a major hurdle to corrective surgery in Down syndrome

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第1期16卷 1-4页

Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality encountered in clinical practice with 50%of them having associated congenital heart disease(CHD).Shunt lesions account for around 75%of all CHDs in Down *** syndrome patients,especially with large shunts are particularly predisposed to early development of severe pulmonary hypertension(PH)compared with shunt lesions in general *** necessitates timely surgical correction which remains the only viable option to prevent long term morbidity and ***,despite clear recommendations,there is wide gap between actual practice and fear of underlying PH which often leads to surgical refusals in Down syndrome even when the shunt is *** peculiarity is that Down syndrome patients can develop PH even after successful correction of *** is not uncommon to come across Down syndrome patients with uncorrected shunts in adulthood with irreversible PH at which stage intracardiac repair is contraindicated and the only option available is a combined heartlung ***,despite the guidelines laid by authorities,the rates of cardiac transplant in adult Down syndrome remain dismal largely attributable to the high prevalence of intellectual disability in *** index case presents a real-world scenario highlighting the impact of severe PH on treatment strategies and discrimination driven by the fear of worse outcomes in these patients.

关键词： Down syndrome Congenital heart disease Pulmonary hypertension Cardiac transplantation Pulmonary vascular resistance Surgical correction

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Risk of permanent pacemaker implantation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement:Which factors are most relevant?

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第2期16卷 49-53页

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)has emerged as a formidable treatment option for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis ahead of surgical aortic valve *** encouraging results from large randomized controlled trials has resulted in an exponential rise in the use of TAVR even in the low-risk ***,this is not without *** for permanent pacemaker(PPM)post-TAVR remains the most frequent and clinically relevant ***,identifying risk factors which predispose an individual to develop high grade conduction block post-TAVR is *** demographic factors,electrocardiographic features,anatomic factors and procedural characteristics have all been linked to the development of advanced conduction block and need for PPM following *** these electrophysiological variables,most notably a prolonged QRS>120 ms regardless of the type of conduction block seems to be one of the strongest predictors on logistic regression *** index study by Nwaedozie et al highlights that patients requiring PPM post-TAVR had higher odds of having a baseline QRS>120 ms and were more likely to be having diabetes mellitus that those who did not require PPM.

关键词： Transcatheter aortic valve replacement Permanent pacemaker Diabetes mellitus QRS duration Electrophysiological variables

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Effects of anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture on lower limb paralysis after cerebral infarction:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第1期44卷 205-211页

作者： LI Menghan WANG Yu RAN Dawei YANG Xinming DENG Shizhe SHI Lei MENG Zhihong department of Acupuncture First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China National clinical research Center for Chinese medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Tianjin 300193China graduate department Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China department of Massage and Rehabilitation Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300250China

Stroke is the main cause of disability in the middle and old ***,especially lower limb paralysis,often leads to the loss of self-care ability and a series of secondary *** main method to improve hemiplegic limb movement is exercise therapy,but there are still many patients with disabilities after rehabilitation *** one of the non-pharmacological therapies for stroke,acupuncture has been recognized to improve motor function in ***,we propose a new method,anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture,which can stimulate both the femoral nerve and the sciatic *** designed this study to determine the effect of this method on lower limb motor *** participants recruited with hemiplegia after cerebral infarction will be randomly assigned to the test group or control group in a 1:1 *** control group will receive Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture,and the test group will receive anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture on this *** participants will get acupuncture treatment once a day,6 times a week for 2 *** primary outcome is Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity and the secondary outcomes are Modified Ashworth Scale and Modified Barthel *** will be collected before treatment,1week after treatment,and 2 weeks after treatment,and then statistical analysis will be *** study can preliminarily verify the effect of anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture on improving lower limb motor function in patients with cerebral infarction,which may provide an alternative approach for clinical treatment of hemiplegia.

关键词： anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture paralysis cerebral infarction Xingnao Kaiqiao clinical protocols

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