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Lentil straw(Lens culinaris): An alternative and nutritious feed resource for kids

animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 417-421页

作者： Vishal Mudgal Mukesh K.Mehta Ashok S.Rane department of animal Nutrition and Feed Technology College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry

The scarcity of feed resources with the continuously increasing cost of usual animal feeds urgently demands searching some alternate feeds for ruminants. In this study, Barberi male kids were divided into4 groups of 5 kids(body weight 17.5 ± 1.8 kg) in each group, and ad libitum fed lentil straw(Lens culinaris;LS), LS based total mixed ration(LSTMR), urea ammoniated LS(ALS) or ALS based total mixed ration(ALSTMR) for a period of 28 days. Results showed LS was a superior feed(CP, 9.2%) for kids, but having quite high crude fibre(CF; 39.6%) and Ca:P ratio(10:1). Urea ammoniation of LS was helpful for increasing the digestible crude protein(DCP)(P < 0.01), nitrogen-free extract(NFE) and total digestible nutrients(TDN) with reduction of CF content. Urea mmoniation also improved the digestibility of neutral and acid detergent fibre(P < 0.01), but its effect on CP digestibility was negative(P < 0.05). Dry matter(DM), DCP and TDN intakes(per kg W0.75) were also improved(P < 0.01) in the kids fed ALS. Negative growth rate and nitrogen(N) balance(-33.8 and -1.4 g/day, respectively) in kids fed LS became positive(46.9 and 2.0 g/day, respectively) when ALS was used in the diets of kids. Feeding of ALS also increased(P < 0.01) the total N and ammonia N content of strained rumen liquor(SRL). Use of straw(LS or ALS) in TMR increased the digestibility of DM, organic matter and NFE(P < 0.01), intake of energy, as well as total volatile fatty acids concentration(P < 0.01) in the SRL. The present study suggested that optimum performance of kids may be achieved using either ALS alone or TMR with LS or ALS.

关键词： Kids Lentil straw Nutrient utilization Rumen fermentation Total mixed ration Urea ammoniation

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Absolute copy number differences of Y chromosomal genes between crossbred (Bos taurus×Bos indicus) and Indicine bulls

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 257-263页

作者： Ayan Mukherjee Gulshan Dass Jagan Mohanarao G Moloya Gohain Biswajit Brahma Tirtha Kumar Datta Sachinandan De animal Genomics Lab Animal Biotechnology Centre National Dairy Research Institute department of veterinary biochemistry College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry Central Agricultural University

Background： The Y chromosome in mammal is paternally inherited and harbors genes related to male fertility and spermatogenesis. The unique intra-chromosomal recombination pattern of Y chromosome and morphological difference of this chromosome between Bos taurus and Bos indicus make it an ideal model for studying structural variation, especially in crossbred （Bos taurus x Bos indicus） bulls. Copy Number Variation （CNV） is a type of genomic structural variation that gives information complementary to SNP data. The purpose of this study was to find out copy number differences of four Y chromosomal spermatogenesis-related candidate genes in genomic DNA of crossbred and purebred Indicine bulls. Result： Four Y chromosomal candidate genes of spermatogenesis namely, sex determining gene on Ychromosome （SRY）, DEAD box po/ypeptide 3-Y chromosome （DDX3 Y）, Ubiquidn specific peptidase 9, Y-linked （ usPgY）, testis-specific protein on Y chromosome （TSPY） were evaluated. Absolute copy numbers of Y chromosomal genes were determined by standard curve-based quantitative real time PCR. Copy numbers of SRYand TSPYgenes per unit amount of genomic DNA are higher in crossbred than Indicine bulls. However, no difference was observed in DDX3Yand usPgYgene copy numbers between two groups. Conclusion： The present study demonstrates that the structural organization of Y chromosomes differs between crossbred and Indicine bulls which are reproductively healthy as observed from analysis of semen attributes. The absolute copy numbers of SRY and TSPY genes in unit mass of genomic DNA of crossbred bulls are significantly higher than Indicine bulls. No alteration in absolute copies ofDDX3Yand usPgYgene was found between the genome of crossbred and Indicine bulls. This study suggests that the DDX3Yand USPgYare likely to be single copy genes in the genome of crossbred and Indicine bulls and variation in Y chromosome length between crossbred and Indicine bulls may be due to the copy number variation of

关键词： Absolute copy SRY DDX3Y usPgY TSPY Crossbred

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Characterization of bla_(CTX-M) Gene in One Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate from Sick Chickens in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第10期11卷 1714-1720页

作者： HU Gong-zheng HU Han LIU Bao-guang YUAN Li LIU Jian-hua PAN Yu-shan WU Hua CHEN Yu-xia college of animal husbandry and veterinary science Henan Agricultural University department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University

Two Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates （Kpcl and Kpc2） were obtained from liver samples of seven dead chickens and identified with Vitek-32 automated identification system. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by the microdilution broth method. Detection of genes encoding class A β-lactamases was performed by PCR amplification, and cloning of the ESBL gene was by plasmid restriction and fragments ligation. Conjugation assay, transformation experiments and plasmid profile analysis were performed. The incompatibility group of ESBL-carrying plasmid was determined by the PCR-based replicon typing method. Lastly, the genetic environment was analysed by direct sequencing of the DNA surrounding the ESBL gene. The genes associated with tetracycline and gentamicin resistance were also sought by PCR. The results revealed that the ESBL phenotype-negative strain Kpc2 only showed resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and doxycycline and carried bla TEM-1 and tet（A） genes. The ESBL-producing strain Kpcl exhibited multidrug resistant phenotype and harbored bla TEM-1 , bla CTX-M-14, tet（A）, tet（B）, and rmtB genes. K. pneumoniae Kpcl contained four plasmids with molecular sizes of approximately 59, 6.9, 2.8, and 1.6 kb, but only a 59-kb plasmid, carried bla TEM-1 and blac CTM-14 genes, was observed in its transconjugant. The incompatibility group of plasmid carrying blaCTX-M-14 gene could not be determined. The bla CTX-M-14 gene was flanked upstream by an ISEcpl insertion sequence and downstream by an IS903 element. This work shows that CTX-M-14 is present in K. pneumoniae isolates from chickens in China. The bla CTX -M-4 gene was associated with an upstream ISEcpl insertion sequence. Our results underline the need for continuous surveillance of the prevalence and evolution of this CTX-M-type β-lactamase in China.

关键词： Klebsiella pneumonia CTX-M-14 minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) genetic environment

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In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of three major polyphenolic compounds in pomegranate peel: Ellagic acid, punicalin, and punicalagin

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第8期16卷 1808-1818页

作者： SUN Yu-qing TAO Xin MEN Xiao-ming XU Zi-wei WANG Tian college of animal science & Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Institute of animal husbandry and veterinary science Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Pomegranates is abundant in polyphenols and is well-known for its antioxidant activity. Punicalagin （PG） is a major poly- phenolic compound in the pomegranate peel. In certain conditions, PG can be hydrolyzed to punicallin （PL） and ellagic acid （EA）, and PL can be further hydrolyzed to EA. PG, PL, and EA all play important roles in the antioxidant activity of pomegranate peels. This study was conducted to compare the in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo anti-oxidative stress effects of PG, PL, and EA. For the in vitro test, 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl radical （DPPH.） and superoxide anion （O2~） scavenging capacities, ferric-reducing antioxidant power （FRAP）, and lipid peroxidation （LPO） inhibition capacities of PG, PL, and EA were tested. For the in vivo test, oxidatively stressed mice, which were induced by oxidized fish oil, were administrated PG, PL or EA （10 mg kg-1 d-1） for 21 days. The results showed that the in vitro antioxidant activity trends were EA〉PG〉PL〉Trolox in scavenging DPPH., PG〉PL〉EA=Trolox in scavenging O2~, EA〉PG=PL〉Trolox in FRAP, and Trolox〉PG〉EA〉PL in LPO inhibition. In the in vivo test, the EAt＇reatment increased the average daily weight gain and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） in the plasma （P〈0.05）, liver （P〈0.05）, and intestine （P〈0.05） in oxidatively stressed mice. It increased the superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity in the liver （P〈0.05） and intestine （P〈0.05）. It increased the glutathi- one peroxidase （GSH-Px） activity in the intestine （P〈0.05） and the intestinal villus height to crypt depth ratio （P〈0.05）. EA treatment decreased the malondialdehyde （MDA） content in the plasma （P〈0.05）, liver （P〈0.05）, and intestine （P〈0.05） and the mRNA expressions of the pro-inflammatory factors, TNF-a （P〈0.05）, IFN-y （P〈0.05） and IL-6 （P〈0.05）. PL increased the SOD （P〈0.05） and GSH-Px activities （P〈0.05） in the intestine and decreased the MDA content （P〈0.05） and the mRNA expressions of TNF-a （P〈0.05） and IL-6 （P〈0.05） in the intestine. PG i

关键词： ellagic acid punicalin punicalagin antioxidant oxidative stress

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Tissue-specific Temporal Exome Capture Revealed Muscle-specific Genes and SNPs in Indian Buffalo(Bubalus bubalis)

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2012年第2期10卷 107-113页

作者： Subhash J.Jakhesara Viral B.Ahir Ketan B.Padiya Prakash G.Koringa Dharamshibhai N.Rank Chaitanya G.Joshi department of animal Biotechnology College of Veterinary Science&Animal HusbandryAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand 388001India department of animal Genetics and Breeding College of Veterinary Science&Animal HusbandryAnand Agricultural UniversityAnand 388001India

Whole genome sequencing of buffalo is yet to be completed, and in the near future it may not be possible to identify an exome （coding region of genome） through bioinformatics for designing probes to capture it. In the present study, we employed in solution hybridization to sequence tissue specific temporal exomes （TST exome） in buffalo. We utilized cDNA prepared from buffalo muscle tissue as a probe to capture TST exomes from the buffalo genome. This resulted in a prominent reduction of repeat sequences （up to 40%） and an enrichment of coding sequences （up to 60%）. Enriched targets were sequenced on a 454 pyro-sequencing platform, generating 101,244 reads contain- ing 24,127,779 high quality bases. The data revealed 40,100 variations, of which 403 were indels and 39,218 SNPs containing 195 nonsyn- onymous candidate SNPs in protein-coding regions. The study has indicated that 80% of the total genes identified from capture data were expressed in muscle tissue. The present study is the first of its kind to sequence TST exomes captured by use of cDNA molecules for SNPs found in the coding region without any prior sequence information of targeted molecules.

关键词： Hybridization Exome SNP, Bubalus bubalis Temporal gene expression 454 Sequencing

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Screening of antiproliferative activity mediated through apoptosis pathway in human non-small lung cancer A-549 cells by active compounds present in medicinal plants

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第12期11卷 666-675页

作者： Nutan V.Badgujar Kinnari N.Mistry Dharamshibhai N.Rank Chaitanya G.Joshi Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied sciences (ARIBAS) Affiliated to Sardar Patel University department of animal Breeding and Genetics College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University department of animal Biotechnology College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University

Objective: To explore the antiproliferative activity and apoptosis in cells caused by active compounds present in plants using different techniques. Methods: We investigated the antiproliferative effects of methanolic extracts from different parts of seven plants on A-549(lung cancer) cells and primary cell culture(chick embryo fibroblast cells, as normal cells) using MTT assay and the potent plant was fractioned further. All these fractions were screened again for anti-proliferative activity. DNA fragmentation and DAPI staining were used to study apoptosis. Quantitative real-time was used to investigate the expression of apoptoticrelated genes. LC-MS and 1 H-NMR techniques were used to identify the active compounds present. EnzCheck caspase-3 assay kit was used to measure caspase-3 activity. Results: Methanolic extract of Vitex negundo(V. negundo) was selected as a potent fraction. Among all fractions screened, ethylacetate fraction of V. negundo was selected as the most potent antiproliferative fraction and phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of secondary metabolites. Ethaylacetate fraction of V. negundo was found to cause characteristic apoptotic morphological changes and generation of ROS in A-549 cells. Ethaylacetate fraction of V. negundo also induced apoptosis in A-549 which was supported by DNA fragmentation and DAPI staining. To investigate the molecular mechanism behind the cytotoxic effect of ethaylacetate fraction of V. negundo, quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure expression levels of p53, bax, bcl2, casp-3 and casp-9. Using LC-MS and 1 H-NMR techniques, cytotoxic compounds(luteolin and p-hydroxy benzoic acid) were identified which increased casp-3 activity in a dose and time-dependent manner in A-549 treated cells. Conclusions: It is concluded from the present study that V. negundo is capable of triggering growth-inhibitive and apoptosis effects in A-549 cells, signifying that V. negundo may possesses anti-lung cancer

关键词： Apoptosis DNA fragmentation assay ROS MTT assay Real time assay DAPI staining

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Tissue expression,association analysis between three novel SNPs of the RXRαgene and growth traits in Chinese indigenous cattle

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Chinese science Bulletin 2013年第18期58卷 2053-2060页

作者： MA Yun GAO HanTing LIN Feng CHEN NingBo XU YongJie JIANG JinHang LI Fen LU FangRu ZHAO Man SHI KuiLin CHENG Ni LI JunYa college of Life sciences Xinyang Normal University college of animal husbandry and veterinary Medicine Henan Agricultural University animal husbandry Bureau of Pingdingshan Hubei Key Laboratory of animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding Institute of Animal Husbandry and VeterinaryHubei Academy of Agricultural Science Institute of animal science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Retinoid X receptor(RXR) α is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that mediates the biological effects on several hormones,vitamins,and regulates lipid,glucose and energy *** this study,the tissue expression profiles of the bovine RXRαgene and association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) with growth traits were carried out in 413 Chinese native *** expression profile was analysed in ten Jiaxian cattle tissues by real-time PCR,and the results showed that RXRαgene was abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and spleen,moderately expressed in heart,liver,lung,kidney,muscle and ***,three SNPs(T27919A,T28139C and G28142A) and five haplotypes were *** with TTG was dominant with frequency of 69.1%.Chi-square test showed all populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05) at the three sites except Jiaxian cattle at G28142A site and Qinchuan cattle at T27919A *** analysis of combined sites showed that the individuals with TTGA genotype had significantly higher heart girth than those with TAGG genotype(Panimals with AAGA genotype had higher body weight than those with TAGG genotype(P<0.05) in T27919A-G28142A *** girth,abdominal circumference and body weight of individuals with TCAG genotype were exceedingly higher than those with TTGG(P<0.01),TTGA and TCGG(P<0.05) in T28139C-G28142A *** T27919A-T28139C site,the individuals of TCTA and TCTT genotype had significantly higher heart girth and lower height at hip cross than those with TTTA(P<0.05),and the body weight of TCAA and TCTT genotype individuals was higher than those with TTTA(P<0.05).In conclusion,these results provided evidence that the polymorphisms of RXRαgene were associated with growth traits and might apply to Chinese indigenous yellow cattle breeding program as a possible candidate for marker-assisted selection(MAS).

关键词：单核苷酸多态性组织表达谱中国黄牛生长性状基因型关联分析 Hardy-Weinberg平衡分子标记辅助选择

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Quantitative changes of nitrergic neurons during postnatal development of chicken myenteric plexus

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第10期14卷 886-895页

作者： Ping YANG Jameel Ahmed GANDAHI Qian ZHANG Lin-li ZHANG Xun-guang BIAN Li WU Yi LIU Qiu-sheng CHEN Key Laboratory of animal physiology and biochemistry College of Veterinary MedicineNanjing Agricultural University department of Anatomy and Histology Sindh Agriculture University

Objective: Information regarding the development of the enteric nervous system(ENS) is important for understanding the functional abnormalities of the *** fertilized chicken eggs provide easy access to embryos,chicken models have been widely used to study embryonic development of myenteric plexus;however,no study has been focused on the postnatal *** aim of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the nitrergic neurons in the myenteric plexus of developing chickens in the postnatal ***: Whole-mount preparations of the myenteric plexus were made in 7-d,15-d,and 40-d old(adult) chickens of either sex(n=15).The myenteric plexus was studied after nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase(NADPH-d) histochemistry using light microscopy,digital photography,and Image-Pro Plus 6.0 *** numbers of positively stained neurons and ganglia were counted in the duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caecum,and colon in the different age *** were expressed as mean±standard deviation(SD),and statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) ***: The positively stained neurons showed various morphologies and staining intensities,and formed bead-shaped and U-shaped arrangements in the myenteric *** densities of neurons and ganglia increased with ***,the number of positive neurons per ganglion *** number of NADPH-d-positive neurons was highest in the colon,followed by the ileum,the jejunum,the duodenum,and the caeca in all age ***: Developmental changes in the myenteric plexus of chickens continue in the postnatal period,indicating that the maturation process of the gastrointestinal function is *** addition,no significant difference is happening among different intestinal segments during postnatal development,suggesting that the function of different intestinal segments had been determined after birth.

关键词： NADPH-d histochemistry Enteric nervous system(ENS) Development Myenteric plexus Chicken

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Integrated multi-omics reveals the relationship between growth performance,rumen microbes and metabolic status of Hu sheep with different residual feed intakes

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animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 284-295页

作者： Yanzhen Zhang Xiaowei Zhang Dingren Cao Jinyong Yang Huiling Mao Lingling Sun Chong Wang college of animal science and Technology College of Veterinary MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy animal husbandry of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 311300China Zhejiang Provincial animal husbandry Technology Promotion and Monitoring Station of Breeding Livestock and Poultry Hangzhou 310021China department of animal science Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary CollegeWeifang 261061China

Residual feed intake(RFI)is a metric that provides a more accurate measure of feed *** lower the RFI,the higher the feed *** changes in the host microbiome and metabolome contribute to the greater feed efficiency of low RFI(LRFI)*** aim of this study was to explore the differences in rumen microorganisms,rumen metabolites and plasma metabolites of Hu sheep with differing RFI through the microbiome and metabolome.A total of 80 Hu sheep were *** experiment consisted of a 15-d pretrial period and a 128-d experimental *** RFI in the experimental period was calculated for all sheep,and the sheep were screened into high RFI(HRFI,n=8)and LRFI(n=8)*** HRFI and LRFI sheep did not differ in their initial and final body weights,average daily gain and body measurements,but the dry matter intake of LRFI sheep was significantly decreased(28.4%,P<0.001).The sheep with LRFI had higher digestibility of crude protein(P=0.010)and ether extract(P=0.010)compared to HRFI *** concentrations of acetate(P=0.036),propionate(P=0.010),valerate(P=0.027)and total volatile fatty acids(P=0.048)in rumen of LRFI group were higher compared to HRFI *** results of 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that the sheep with LRFI had higher proportions of Prevotella genus in rumen liquid(P=0.031).The rumen metabolome and plasma metabolome results showed that the citrate cycle,pyruvate metabolism and alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism processes were more active for sheep in LRFI group,which provided more energy substrate such as malic acid,oxoglutaric acid and citric *** conclusion,sheep with LRFI can utilize feed more efficiently,and the more active energy metabolism pathway and the production of energy substances may account for the higher feed efficiency.

关键词： Feed efficiency Residual feed intake Rumen microbiome and metabolome Plasma metabolome

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Induction of Apoptosis in the Immature Mouse Testes by a Mixture of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第12期11卷 2058-2066页

作者： YOU Hua ZHU Jin-feng SHE Rui-ping CHANG Ling-ling SHI Rui-han DING Ye CHI Li-juan LIU Bin YUE Zhuo TIAN Ji-jing MAO Jing-jing SU Li-fang Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University China animal Disease Control Center National animal husbandry Service

The toxicity of melamine has attracted much attention since the recent outbreaks of renal injury in pets and infants. Previous studies indicated that melamine by itself had low toxicity, whereas a mixture of melamine and cyanuric acid （M＋CA） could cause serious renal damage. At present, most researches on the toxicity of M＋CA are focused on the kidney. However, little is known about the adverse effects of this mixture on the reproductive system. In the present study, the toxicity of M＋CA to testes was investigated. Immature male mice were orally dosed with 0, 0.6, 3, and 15 mg kg-1 d-1 of a 1：1 M＋CA for 28 d. Pathological changes occurred in germ cells, such as loose arrangement, reduced numbers and karyopyknosis, indicating that this mixture was toxic to spermatogenesis. Compared with the control group, the TUNEL- positive germ cells increased significantly and the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax, total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity decreased significantly in the 3 and 15 mg kg-1 d- M＋CA treated group, while the activities of caspase-3, caspase- 8 and caspase-9 remained unchanged. The results suggest that M＋CA can induce apoptosis in the mice testes. The downregulation of Bcl-2/Bax and oxidative stress may play a pivotal role in the induction of apoptosis by M＋CA in mice testes.

关键词： melamine/cyanuric acid mixture testes injury caspase-independent apoptosis

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