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Ethnopharmacology,phytochemistry,and biological activities of Cymbopogon citratus(DC.) Stapf extracts

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2015年第5期13卷 321-337页

作者： Christopher E Ekpenyong Ernest Akpan Azah Nyoh department of physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Uyo department of physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Calabar

Cymbopogon citratus is a widely distributed perennial herb belonging to the Poaceae family and has been extensively consumed for its medicinal,cosmetic,and nutritional effects for centuries.A large number of reports have been published describing the pharmacological,biological,and therapeutic actions of this herb.In this review,we summarized the literatures on related studies(up to January,2014) that highlighted the pharmacologic and biological effects of the major phytochemicals isolated from C.citratus extracts and its essential oil.The components of the essential oils found in C.citratus have a similar pharmacokinetic properties,including absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion.They are quickly absorbed following oral,pulmonary,and dermal administration.Based on the published reports,it can also be inferred that,after absorption from the small intestine,some phytochemicals in C.citratus can undergo oxidation,glucuronidation,sulfation,and/or O-methylation.Excretion is through urine,feces and/or expired volatiles.The biotransformation reactions of C.citratus bioactive constituents are essential for its relatively safe consumption and therapeutic applications.The data available so far warrant further studies evaluating C.citratus pharmacokinetics.Reliable pharmacokinetic data in humans would be critical for a better understanding of the the systemic handling of C.citratus.

关键词： Cymbopogon citratus stapf Phytochemistry Pharmacological effects

Comparison of antioxidant activity of insulin, Ocimum gratissimum L., and Vernonia amygdalina L. in type 1 diabetic rat model

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第4期15卷 302-309页

作者： Uduak Akpan Okon Idorenyin Udo Umoren department of physiology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Uyo

OBJECTIVE： Diabetes mellitus （DM） is known to be associated with increase of oxidative stress products. The direction of effect of any treatment on these products could therefore be a reliable measure of its efficacy on DM. So the aim of this study was to investigate the activity of insulin, Ocimum gratissimum L. （OG） and Vernonia amygdafina L. （VA） on oxidative stress products.METHODS： Thirty-six female Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were randomly divided into six groups of six rats each. Thirty rats were induced for type 1 DM （DM1） with a single intraperitoneal administration of 65 mg/ kg body weight of streptozotocin. Group 1 was normal control and was administered distilled water while Group 2 served as DM1 control group; Groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 were diabetic rats treated with 208 mg/kg OG （DM1 ＋ OG）, 52 mg/kg VA （DM1 ＋ VA）, 208 mg/kg OG ＋ 52 mg/kg VA （DMI＋OG ＋VA） and 0.16 IU insulin （DM1 ＋ insulin） respectively. Determination of methemoglobin and sulfhemoglobin was achieved by the absorption spectrum principle. Red blood cell （RBC） catalase was assayed by continuous spectrophotometric method.RESULTS： The RBC catalase concentration was significantly decreased in the DM1 and DMI＋VA groups when compared with the normal control. DM1 ＋ OG significantly increased RBC-catalase when compared to DMI. The methemoglobin concentration was significantly reduced in the DM1, DM1 ＋ VA, DM1 ＋ OG ＋ VA and DM1 ＋ insulin groups when compared to the normal control group. The sulfhemoglobin concentration was significantly increased in the diabetic control and the diabetic treated groups when compared to the normal control. DM1 ＋ OG reduced the sulfhemoglobin concentration when compared to DM1. The blood glucose concentration of all the diabetic groups was significantly raised compared to normal control. OG, VA and insulin significantly reduced the blood glucose concentration with the efficacy of OG and VA higher than insulin.CONCLUSION： Adverse alteration of oxidative indices were observed in type 1 DM model. Treatment with OG and i

关键词： oxidative stress diabetes mellitus, type 1＂ insulin Ocimum gratissimum L. Vemonia amygdalina L.

Resveratrol Modulates Bone Mineral Density and Bone Mineral Content in A Rat Model of Male Hypogonadism

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第2期29卷 146-154页

作者： Hussein F.Sakr Boudaka Ammar Amira AlKharusi I Al-Lawati Mahmoud AlKhateeb Basim H Elesawy department of physiology College of Medicine and Health SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat 123Oman Medical physiology department Faculty of MedicineMansouraUniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Basic Medical sciences department College of Medicine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences(KSAU-HS)Riyadh 11481Saudi Arabia department of Clinical Laboratory sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesTaif UniversityTaif 21944Saudi Arabia

Objective: To determine whether resveratrol(Res) can correct osteoporosis induced in a rat model of male hypogonadism. Methods: Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, 8 in each group;1) a control sham group: underwent a similar surgical procedure for induction of orchiectomy(ORCD) without ligation of any arteries or veins or removal of the testis and epididymis;2) a control + Res-treated group(Con+Res):underwent sham surgery similar to the control, but was then treated with Res, as described below;3) an ORCDinduced group: bilateral ORCD surgery as described above, and 4) a ORCD+Res-treated group: bilateral ORCD surgery followed by Res treatment. Res treatment began 4 weeks after ORCD and continued for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, bone mineral density(BMD) and bone mineral content(BMC) were measured in the tibia and femur of each rat’s right hind leg. Blood levels of bone turnover indicators such as deoxypyridinoline(Dpd), N-telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(NTXⅠ), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), and osteocalcin(OC), as well as receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B(RANK) and osteoprotegerin(OPG) were assessed. Results: ORCD significantly decreased BMD(P<0.01) and significantly increased bone resorption, manifested by increased RANK. In addition, it inhibited serum levels of OPG and OC. Res treatment after ORCD effectively increased serum levels of bone formation markers such as OPG and OC, compared with testisectomized rats(P<0.05). Conclusion:Res could ameliorate bone loss induced by male hypogonadism, possible via restoration of the normal balance between RANK and OPG.

关键词： osteoporosis male hypogonadism resveratrol receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa

The role of nitric oxide in the dorsomedial periaqueductal gray(dmPAG)column in cardiovascular responses in urethane-anesthetized male rats

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2022年第6期5卷 557-564页

作者： Mohammad Najaftomaraei Atiyeh Ghorbani Alireza Rahimi Reza Mohebbati Sogol Sherkat Mohammad Naser Shafei department of physiology Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran Material Science and Metallurgy Engineering Islamic Azad University-Karaj BranchKarajIran department of physiology Faculty of MedicineGonabad University of Medical SciencesGonabadIran Applied Biomedical Research Center Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran department of physiology School of MedicineSabzevar University of Medical SciencesSabzevarIran Division of Neurocognitive sciences Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran

Background:The dorsomedial periaqueductal gray(dmPAG)is a mesencephalic area and has numerous functions including cardiovascular regulation.Because nitric oxide(NO)is present in the dmPAG,here we investigate,the probable cardiovascular effect of NO in the dmPAG.Methods:Five groups(n=6 for each group)were used as follows:(1)control;(2)L-NAME(N^(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,a NO synthase inhibitor,90 nmol);(3)Larginine(L-Arg,a precursor for NO,60 nmol);(4)Sodium nitroprusside(SNP,a NO donor,27 nmol);and(5)L-Arg+L-NAME.The cardiovascular parameters were recorded by a Power Lab device after cannulation of the femoral artery.Drugs were injected using a stereotaxic instrument.The changes(Δ)in systolic blood pressure(SBP),mean arterial pressure(MAP),and heart rate(HR)were calculated at different times and compared to the control group.Results:Microinjection of L-NAME significantly increased ΔSBP,ΔMAP,and ΔHR more than saline(from p<0.05 to p<0.001).L-Arg only significantly increased ΔHR(p<0.05).In the L-Arg+L-NAME group,the above parameters also significantly increased(from p<0.01 to p<0.05)but not as significantly as with L-NAME alone.Microinjection of SNP significantly decreased ΔSBP and ΔMAP more than in the control and L-NAME groups(from p<0.01 to p<0.001),but ΔHR did not change significantly.Conclusion:The results indicated that NO in dmPAG has an inhibitory effect on cardiovascular responses in anesthetized rats.

关键词： blood pressure dorsomedial periaqueductal gray L-arginine L-NAME nitric oxide

Therapeutic effects of Coriandrum sativum extracts:A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 181-186页

作者： Akbar Anaeigoudari department of physiology School of MedicineJiroft University of Medical SciencesJiroftIran

Medicinal plants,as a good therapeutic strategy,can be used to treat a wide spectrum of diseases.Coriandrum sativum(C.sativum)is a plant from Apiaceae family.Numerous reports indicate that C.sativum has positive effects on anxiety,seizure,learning and memory ability,as well as pain.This annual plant can also treat colitis,increase appetite,reduce blood pressure,and attenuate myocardial damage.Additionally,it improves liver and kidney function and diabetes mellitus and inhibits osteoclast activity.These beneficial effects of C.sativum mainly are attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.The present paper reviews the impacts of C.sativum on different body systems.Information was extracted by searching the Web of Science,PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar from January 2010 until the end of February 2024.

关键词： Coriandrum sativum Inflammation Antioxidant Oxidative stress Nervous system Liver

Protein kinase inhibitors affect spermatogenic functions and blood testis barrier remodelling:A scoping review

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2023年第3期12卷 97-108页

作者： Oyovwi Mega Obukohwo Onome Bright Oghenetega Falajiki Yewande Faith Emojevwe Victor Rotu Arientare Rume Joseph Gregory Uchechukwu Oyeleke Abiodun Abioye department of physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesAdeleke UniversityEdeOsun StateNigeria department of physiology School of Basic Medical ScienceBabcock UniversityIllisan-RomoOgun StateNigeria department of physiology University of Medical SciencesOndo StateNigeria department of physiology University of IbadanIbadanOyo StateNigeria department of Medical Laboratory Science Adeleke UniversityEdeOsun StateNigeria department of physiology Federal University Oye-EkitiNigeria

Objective:To identify the role of protein kinase in male reproduction in animal models and human spermatogenic function.Methods:This study assessed the protein kinase of male reproduction in animal models and human using different reviewed paper indexed in PubMed,Science Direct,EBSCO,Scopus,Cochrane Library,Sage Journals,and Google Scholar.Data were charted based on author,year of publication published between 1893 and 2023,country,purpose,data collection,key findings,and research focus/domain.Results:The MAPK pathway contributed to the growth,maturation,and functionality of male germ cells.We also found out that certain influencing factors categorized into hormonal/non hormonal factors and chemotoxicant,as well as heat stress expressed an inhibitory mechanism on protein kinase,thus affecting spermatogenic functions and maintenance/remodeling of the blood testis barrier,as well as the physiology of the Sertoli cells necessary for nutritional support of spermatogenesis.However,activating protein kinases pathway like the mTOR pathway as well as increased expression of peroxiredoxin-4 and L-carnitine mediated protein kinases may be useful for treating or managing male reproductive dysfunction.Conclusions:Protein kinase plays an important role in spermatogenic functions and blood testis remodeling in animal and human.Its assessment provides essential information that can guide treatment strategies aimed at improving male reproductive potential.Taken together,these recent advances highlight a future therapeutic intervention in assessing male reproductive potential.It might also be possible to look at potential targets for male contraceptives in the MAPK pathway.

关键词： Spermatogenesis Protein kinase Inhibitors Sertoli cells Capacitation mTOR

Protective Roles of Shilajit in Modulating Resistin,Adiponectin,and Cytokines in Rats with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第6期28卷 531-537页

作者： Baran Ghezelbash Nader Shahrokhi Mohammad Khaksari Gholamreza Asadikaram Maryam Shahrokhi Sara Shirazpour physiology Research Center Kerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran department of Biochemistry School of MedicineKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran department of Medical Science School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz713414336Iran department of physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Shilajit,a medicine of Ayurveda,on the serum changes in cytokines and adipokines caused by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:After establishing fatty liver models by feeding a high-fat diet(HFD)for 12 weeks,35 Wistar male rats were randomly divided into5 groups,including control(standard diet),Veh(HFD+vehicle),high-dose Shilajit[H-Sh,HFD+250 mg/(kg·d)Shilajit],low-dose Shilajit[L-Sh,HFD+150 mg/(kg·d)Shilajit],and pioglitazone[HFD+10 mg/(kg·d)pioglitazone]groups,7 rats in each group.After 2-week of gavage administration,serum levels of glucose,insulin,interleukin1 beta(IL-1β),IL-6,IL-10,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),adiponectin,and resistin were measured,and insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)was calculated.Results:After NAFLD induction,the serum level of IL-10 significantly increased and serum IL-1β,TNF-αlevels significantly decreased by injection of both doses of Shilajit and pioglitazone(P<0.05).Increases in serum glucose level and homeostasis model of HOMA-IR were reduced by L-Sh and H-Sh treatment in NAFLD rats(P<0.05).Both doses of Shilajit increased adiponectin and decreased serum resistin levels(P<0.05).Conclusion:The probable protective role of Shilajit in NAFLD model rats may be via modulating the serum levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-10,adipokine and resistin,and reducing of HOMA-IR.

关键词： non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Shilajit adipokines cytokines glucose insulin dietary supplement Ayurvedic medicine

The transient receptor potential melastatin 2:a new therapeutical target for Parkinson's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1652-1656页

作者： Ana Flávia F.Ferreira Luiz Roberto G.Britto department of physiology and Biophysics Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil

The transient receptor potential melastatin 2 is a calcium-permeable cation channel member of the TRP family. Also known as an oxidative stress-activated channel, the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 gating mechanism is dependent on reactive oxygen species. In pathological conditions, transient receptor potential melastatin 2 is overactivated, leading to a Ca~(2+) influx that alters cell homeostasis and promotes cell death. The role of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and ischemia, has already been described and reviewed. However, data on transient receptor potential melastatin 2 involvement in Parkinson's disease pathology has emerged only in recent years and the issue lacks review studies that focus specifically on this topic. The present review aims to elucidate the role of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 channel in Parkinson's disease by reviewing, summarizing, and discussing the in vitro, in vivo, and human studies published until August 2022. Here we describe fourteen studies that evaluated the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 channel in Parkinson's disease. The Parkinson's disease model used, transient receptor potential melastatin 2 antagonist and genetic approaches, and the main outcomes reported were discussed. The studies described transient receptor potential melastatin 2 activation and enhanced expression in different Parkinson's disease models. They also evidenced protective and restorative effects when using transient receptor potential melastatin 2 antagonists, knockout, or silencing. This review provides a literature overview and suggests where there is a need for more research. As a perspective point, this review shows evidence that supports transient receptor potential melastatin 2 as a pharmacological target for Parkinson's disease in the future.

关键词： 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1 2 3 6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP+) 6-hydroxydopamine AG490 clotrimazole flufenamic acid N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid Parkinson's disease poly-ADPR polymerase type 1(PARP1) rotenone paraquat transient receptor potential melastatin 2(TRPM2)

Increased paracellular permeability of tumor-adjacent areas in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第3期15卷 251-259页

作者： Viktoria V.Bekusova Evgeny L.Falchuk Larisa S.Okorokova Natalia M.Kruglova AlexANDer D.Nozdrachev AlexANDer G.Markov department of physiology St.Petersburg State University I.P.Pavlov Institute of physiology Russian Academy of Sciences

Objective: The morphology and functions of the proximal and distal large intestine are not the same. The incidence of colorectal cancer in these regions is also different, as tumors more often appear in the descending colon than in the ascending colon.Inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer can increase transepithelial permeability, which is a sign of reduced intestinal barrier function. However, there is not enough evidence to establish a connection between the difference in colorectal cancer incidence in the proximal and distal colon and intestinal permeability or the effects of carcinogenesis on the barrier properties in various areas of the colon. The aim of the study was to assess the permeability of different segments of the large intestine according to a developed mapping methodology in healthy rats and rats with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine(DMH)-induced colon adenocarcinoma.Methods: The short circuit current, the transepithelial electrical resistance and the paracellular permeability to fluorescein of large intestine wall of male Wistar rats were examined in the Ussing chambers. The optical density of the solution from the serosa side to assess the concentration of the diffused fluorescein from mucosa to serosa was analyzed by spectrophotometry. The morphometric and histological studies were performed by optical microscopy.Results: Rats with DMH-induced colon adenocarcinomas showed elevated transepithelial electrical resistance in the areas of neoplasm development. In contrast, there was no change in the electrophysiological properties of tumor adjacent areas, however,the paracellular permeability of these areas to fluorescein was increased compared to the control rats and was characterized by sharply reduced barrier function.Conclusions: The barrier properties of the colon vary depending on tumor location. The tumors were less permeable than the intact intestinal wall and probably have a negative influence on tumor-adjacent tissues by disrupting their barrier function.

关键词：渗透老鼠肿瘤邻近 Wistar 性质变化荧光黄大肠