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Promising effects of Persian shallot extract on the serum markers and blood pressure of patients with metabolic syndrome:a double-blinded randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025年第1期45卷 100-106页

作者： Neda Naimipoor Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh Mitra Abbasifard Mohammad Reza Mirzaei Akram Ghadiri Anari Maryam Mohammad-Sadeghipour Mehdi Mahmoodi department of Clinical biochemistry School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineAli-Ibn Abi-Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Molecular Medicine Research Center Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Diabetes Research Center Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences department of Clinical biochemistry Afzalipour School of MedicineKerman University of Medical Sciences Physiology Research Center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical Sciences

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Persian shallot extract on the serum markers and blood pressure of patients with metabolic syndrome(MetS). METHODS: Fifty patients with Met S diagnosis were randomly assigned to the intervention(Persian shallot extract) and the control(placebo) group. Both groups received treatment for three months. Before the study and at the end of the study, 5 mL peripheral blood was taken from each patient. The measured factors included total antioxidant capacity(TAC), superoxide dismutase enzyme(SOD), malondialdehyde, oxidized low-density lipoprotein(Ox-LDL), apolipoprotein H(Apo-H), fasting blood glucose(FBS), total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein(HDL), LDL, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. RESULTS: At baseline, the evaluated parameters were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups. At the end of the study, the mean serum levels of malondialdehyde and ox-LDL were significantly lower in the intervention group. The mean FBS, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL were significantly lower in the intervention group. The mean TAC and HDL were significantly higher in the intervention group(P < 0.05). Moreover, the intervention group significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure. No other significant association was observed. CONCLUSION: Persian shallot extract has several beneficial effects in Met S patients, including optimizing oxidative balance, reducing blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and blood lipid profile.

关键词： antioxidants medicine, Persian metabolic syndrome shallots

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Antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of a combination of Saffron and Chamomile in rats and their relationship with serotonin using in vivo methods

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025年第1期45卷 49-56页

作者： Faiq Amin Saara Ahmad Muhammad Wasim Asra Khan Fazal Manzoor Arain Zehra Batool Saiqa Tabassum Saima Khaliq Noreen Samad Saida Haider department of Biological and Biomedical sciences the Aga Khan University Maternal and Children's Health Research Institute Shunde Women and Children's HospitalGuangdong Medical University Dr.Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of Karachi department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology department of biochemistry Federal Urdu University of ScienceArts and Technology department of biochemistry Bahauddin Zakariya University department of biochemistry University of Karachi

OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential of combining natural herbs like chamomile and saffron for the management of anxiety and depression. METHODS: A rodent model of Major Depressive Disorder(MDD) and anxiety, secondary to streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was made. A total of 6 rat groups were chosen; healthy and diseased controls; and diseased test groups of fluoxetine, saffron, chamomile, and combined saffron and chamomile treated(n = 6/group). Activity by forced swim test(FST), elevated plus maze test(EPMT), and correlations with biochemical markers like serum glucose, tryptophan, C-reactive protein(CRP), brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor(5HT2CR) expression, were assessed at the end of the 3rd week of the treatment. A one-way analysis of variance with a post-hoc Tukey's test was applied. RESULTS: The combined herbal treatment group showed significantly better(P < 0.05) than all other groups in terms of anti-hyperglycemic effect. All treatments improved the CRP levels; however, the combination group was also significantly better than fluoxetine and the individual herb groups. Only the herb groups showed efficacy in the FST with added benefits of the combination group over the healthy controls and similar trends in the EPMT. However, expression of 5HT2CR was repressed while BDNF was elevated through treatment. CONCLUSION: This study shows that in comparison to treatment with a SSRI, and individual herbs, the combination of chamomile and saffron showed overall improved outcomes.

关键词： chamomile crocus depression diabetes mellitus

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Mild liver injury following withdrawal of long-term prednisonetherapy: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第4期31卷 144-150页

作者： Jing-Wen Zhu Jun Yan Zhi-Han Zhang Tian-Qi Wang department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Liver injury manifesting as hepatic enzyme abnormalities,has been occasionally identified to be a feature of primary or secondary Addison's disease,an uncommon endocrine disease characterized by adrenal *** have been no more than 30 reported cases of liver injury explicitly attributed to Addison's *** injury resulting from adrenal insufficiency due to glucocorticoid withdrawal is exceptionally *** SUMMARY A 42-year-old man presented with fatigue and mildly elevated *** investigations and imaging studies excluded common etiologies of liver *** on the fact that the patient discontinued long-term therapy with prednisone approximately 2 weeks before he was found to have elevated transaminase levels and the observation that his cortisol was lower than the normal value,he was diagnosed as having hypertransaminasemia secondary to adrenal insufficiency caused by glucocorticoid *** patient was infused intravenously with compound diisopropylamine dichloroacctate and compound glycyrrhizin,and his transaminase levels returned to normal after 1 *** 2 years later,the patient received hydroprednisone treatment for 2 days in an endoscopic sinus *** days after he discontinued the hydroprednisone treatment,he developed symptoms reminiscent of glucocorticoid withdrawal *** symptoms resolved spontaneously after 1 ***,the patient did not develop hepatic dysfunction this *** The present case,showing some unusual clinical features,highlights the importance of education of clinicians and patients to avoid improper discontinuation of glucocorticoid therapy and complete history taking for prompt recognition.

关键词： Liver injury Transaminase Prednisone Addison's disease Adrenal insufficiency Case report

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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Eun Jeong Lee Su Bin Lim department of biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea department of Biomedical sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

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Phenotypic Resistance of Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections at the Protestant Hospital of Ngaoundere (Cameroon)

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2025年第1期13卷 243-254页

作者： Benjamin Tangue Talom Berinyuy Moniratou Simeon Pierre Chegaing Fodouop Michel Archange Tagne Fokam Carolle Sylvie Dongmo Meffo Zelda Inès Eguen Jules-Roger Kuiate department of Science Biomedicals Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon department of Biologicals sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon department of biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Aims and objectives: The frequent and unprescribed use of antibiotics has led to the development of resistance by microorganisms responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI). In order to facilitate the follow-up of this microbial resistance, the aim of this study was to determine the bacteria resistant phenotypes. Method: To achieve the following objectives, this study was conducted from June to August 2023. The isolation and identification were performed by standard methods why susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique according to CLSI guidelines. Double-disk synergy test was applied to determine the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) produced by bacteria. The Imipenem EDTA Combined Disc Test (CDT) for Metallo beta lactamase (MBL) screening, the D-zone test to detect macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins type B (MLSB) and Meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRS A) which was assessed using a Cefoxitin (30 µg) disc. Results: A total of 40 bacteria were identified with a prevalence of 37.03%. Overall, E. coli was the predominant isolate 14 (35%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10 (25%) and Klesbsiella pneumonia 4 (10%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella arinosa and Enterobacter were the most sensible (100%) bacteria against ciprofloxin, ceftriaxone and cefixime. Almost all bacteria were resistant to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (>50%). The isolates were in the majority resistant to imipenem. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae represented 25.92%, with a higher rate among E. coli. No MBL production was found among the isolates while 38.46% represented cMLSB, 15.38% represented iMLSB, 23.07% represented MSB and 23.07% represented MRSA. Conclusion: Clinical strains of UTI from Protestant Hospital of Ngaoundere exhibiting ESBL, cMLSB, iMLSB, MSB and MRSA. The regular updating of antibiotic resistance statistics of isolated strains allows for a better adaptation of probabilistic antibiotic therapy.

关键词： Enterobacteriaceae Resistance Profile Phenotypic Detection

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Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： Rafael Franco Claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan Serrano-Marín Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain CiberNed Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain School of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain department of biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenosine receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

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Prospects of synthetic biology in revolutionizing microbial synthesis and drug discovery

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Life Research 2025年第1期8卷 51-60页

作者： Emmanuel Chimeh Ezeako Abel Yashim Solomon Yemiode Bernard Itam Tobechukwu Christian Ezike Chinenye Peace Ogbonna Nnamdi Ginikachukwu Amuzie Emmanuel Chigozie Aham Cynthia Doowuese Aondover Gloria Oluchukwu Osuagwu Vincent Eric Ozougwu department of biochemistry University of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria College of Health sciences Nile University of NigeriaAbuja 900001Nigeria department of biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of CalabarCalabar 540271Nigeria department of Microbiology University of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria department of Applied biochemistry Nnamdi Azikwe UniversityAwka 420110Nigeria

Synthetic biology(SynBio)is an emerging field of study with great potential in designing,engineering,and constructing new microbial synthetic cells that do not pre-exist in nature or re-engineering existing cells to accomplish industrial *** biology seeks to understand biology at multiple dimensions,beginning with the molecular and cellular level and progressing to the tissues and organismal level and characterizes cells as complex information-processing ***,on the other hand,toggles further and strives to develop and create its systems from *** is now applied in the development of novel therapeutic drugs for the prevention of human diseases,scale up industrial processes,and accomplish previously unfeasible industrial *** is made possible through significant breakthroughs in DNA sequencing and synthesis technology,as well as insights gained from synthetic chemistry and systems *** technologies have allowed for the introduction of improved and synthetic metabolic functionalities in microorganisms to enable the synthesis of a range of pharmacologically-relevant compounds for pharmaceutical *** applications range from finding new ways to making industrial chemical synthesis processes more sustainable as well as the microbial synthesis of improved therapeutic ***,this study underpins several innovations,auspicious potentials,and future directions afforded by SynBio that proposes improved industrial microbial synthesis for pharmaceutical exploration.

关键词： synthetic biology drug discovery microbial synthesis sustainable development genetic circuit gene editing

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Antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Fagara zanthoxyloides root-bark ethyl acetate fraction:in-vitro enzyme inhibition and GC-MS analysis

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Life Research 2025年第1期8卷 32-43页

作者： Christian Amah Parker Joshua Ikechukwu Okoro Favour Iyidiegwu Chibuike Brendan Linus Nsude Ugochukwu Nweke department of biochemistry Faculty of Natural and Applied SciencesState University of Medical and Applied SciencesNsukka 412111Nigeria department of biochemistry Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria department of Medical biochemistry College of Health SciencesDavid Umahi Federal University of Health SciencesUburueUburu 491105Nigeria department of Chemical sciences Faculty of Natural and Applied SciencesSpiritan University NneochiNneato RoadLeru 441111Nigeria department of Genetics and Biotechnology Faculty of Natural and Applied SciencesState University of Medical and Applied Sciences Igbo-EnoNsukka 412111Nigeria department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine University of UyoUyo 520003Nigeria

The application of therapeutic herbs in treatment of common infections and diseases has gained popularity in developing nations due to its cost-effectiveness and purported lower side effects compared to synthetic *** zanthoxyloides Lam also known as Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides,is an indigenous plant used widely as chewing stick for tooth cleaning in West *** root-bark macerations,decoctions or infusions are the most valuable organs widely taken to treat malaria and diabetes by local populations,traditional healers and local pharmaceutical *** alternative,more efficient,safer,and less expensive anti-diabetic natural products from plants has received great attention,hence this research delved into the inhibitory effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of *** root-bark(EAFFZRB)on in-vitroα-amylase andα-glucosidase *** biochemical methods were used to extract and assess the in-vitro antioxidant such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazl(DPPH),total antioxidant capacity(TAC)and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power(FRAP).The sample was combined at different concentrations(10,20,40,80,160,320,and 640μl/dl).Theα-amylase,andα-glucosidase activities of EAFFZRB sample was combined at different concentrations(0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8 and 1.0 mg/mL).The phyto-constituents in EAFFZRB were identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS)*** plant fraction showed a significant(P<0.05)increase in the inhibition ofα-amylase IC50=0.726 andα-glucosidase IC50=0.877 at varying concentrations,comparable to the reference drug Acarbose IC50=0.728 and IC50=0.852 *** demonstrated significant(P<0.05)inhibition at different concentrations on DPPH(66.55±1.57),TAC(0.47±0.17)and FRAP(3.64±0.14),similar to the effect of the standard ascorbic *** GC-MS analysis of EAFFZRB revealed a total of 12 volatile organic compounds such as;Phenol-3-methoxy-2,5,6-trimethyl,2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzylbromide,2,6-Dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)py

关键词： Fagara zanthoxyloides α-amylase andα-glucosidase anti-oxidant GC-MS

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KDM2A and KDM2B protect a subset of CpG islands from DNA methylation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第1期52卷 39-50页

作者： Yuan Liu Ying Liu Yunji Zhu Di Hu Hu Nie Yali Xie Rongrong Sun Jin He Honglian Zhang Falong Lu State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China department of biochemistry&Molecular Biology College of Natural ScienceMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824US State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

In the mammalian genome,most CpGs are ***,CpGs within the CpG islands(CGIs)are largely unmethylated,which are important for gene expression *** mechanism underlying the low methylation levels at CGIs remains largely ***2 proteins(KDM2A and KDM2B)are H3K36me2 demethylases known to bind specifically at ***,we report that depletion of each or both KDM2 proteins,or mutation of all their JmjC domains that harbor the H3K36me2 demethylation activity,leads to an increase in DNA methylation at selective *** Kdm2a/2b double knockout shows a stronger increase in DNA methylation compared with the single mutant of Kdm2a or Kdm2b,indicating that KDM2A and KDM2B redundantly regulate DNA methylation at *** addition,the increase of CGI DNA methylation upon mutations of KDM2 proteins is associated with the chromatin *** findings reveal that KDM2A and KDM2B function redundantly in regulating DNA methylation at a subset of CGIs in an H3K36me2 demethylation-dependent manner.

关键词： KDM2A KDM2B CpG island DNA methylation H3K36me2 Demethylation Embryonic stemcell

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Mercury contents and potential exposure risk of rice-containing food products

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第2期148卷 683-690页

作者： Xin Wang Yingjun Wang Yaqi Zhang Ziyan Liu Xiaomeng Ji Yong Cai Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China department of Chemistry&biochemistry Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA

Mercury(Hg),especially methylmercury(MeHg),accumulation in rice grain due to rice paddy possessing conditions conducive to Hg methylation has led to human Hg exposure through consumption of rice-based daily *** addition to being a food staple,rice is widely used as a raw material to produce a vast variety of processed food *** is known about Hg levels in snacking rice-food products and potential Hg exposure from consumption of them,besides previous studies on infant rice *** to provide complementary information for a more complete assessment on Hg exposure risk originated from Hgcontaining rice,this study determined total Hg(THg)and MeHg levels in 195 rice-containing and rice-free processed food products covering all major types of snack foods marketed in China and the estimated daily intake(EDI)of dietary Hg from the consumption of these *** results clearly showed THg and MeHg contents in rice-containing foods were significantly higher than rice-free products,suggesting the transfer of Hg and MeHg from the rice to the end products,even after manufacturing ***,significant positive correlations were observed between THg,MeHg,or MeHg/THg ratio and rice content for samples containing multiple grains as ingredients,further indicating the deciding role of rice for Hg levels in the end food *** the EDI of THg and MeHg via ricebased food products were relatively low compared to the reference dose,it should be considered these snacking food products would contribute additive Hg intake outside of the daily regular meals.

关键词： Mercury Methylmercury Processed food products Rice Dietary exposure

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