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Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 55-57页

作者：张宏图艾尤尔.亥热提白云旻郭焱培李珊 Bernhard Schmid Helge Bruelheide 马克平唐志尧 Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of EducationPeking University College of Geography and Tourism Xinjiang Normal University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences department of Geography Remote Sensing LaboratoriesUniversity of Zurich Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)halle-Jena-Leipzig

Tree growth is a key component of forest ecosystem functioning and is wellknown to be limited by water availability[1]. It is acknowledged that composition and diversity of co-occurring tree species can mitigate the influence of drought on tree growth through the resource complementarity for water use via niche partitioning and facilitation between different species [2,3].

关键词： RESILIENCE

Superconductivity in antiperovskites

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1424-1433页

作者： Noah Hoffmann Tiago F.T.Cerqueira Jonathan Schmidt Miguel A.L.Marques Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergD-06099HalleGermany CFisUC Department of PhysicsUniversity of CoimbraRua Larga3004-516CoimbraPortugal

We present a comprehensive theoretical study of conventional superconductivity in cubic antiperovskites materials with composition XYZ_(3) where X and Z are metals,and Y is H,B,C,N,O,and *** starting point are electron–phonon calculations for 397 materials performed with density-functional perturbation *** 43%of the materials are dynamically unstable,we discovered 16 compounds close to thermodynamic stability and with T_(c) higher than 5 *** these results to train interpretable machine-learning models,leads us to predict a further 57(thermodynamically unstable)materials with superconducting transition temperatures above 5 K,reaching a maximum of 17.8 K for ***,the models give us an understanding of the mechanism of superconductivity in *** combination of traditional approaches with interpretable machine learning turns out to be a very efficient methodology to study and systematize whole classes of materials and is easily extendable to other families of compounds or physical properties.

关键词： properties theory perovskite

Purification of L-asparaginase II by crystallization

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 37-42页

作者： Y. LIU M. PIETZSCH J. ULRICH Thermal Process Engineering Center for Engineering Science Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg D-06099 Halle (Saale) Germany department of Downstream Processing Institute of Pharmacy Faculty of Natural Sciences I Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg D-06099 Halle (Saale) Germany

Here a case study ofL-asparaginase II out of a recombinant Escherichia coli is presented. The target protein was obtained by simple cell disintegration and acetone precipitation. The L-asparaginase II has been crystallized in three different forms in the following microbatch crystallization. The rod-shaped crystals （-400 μm edge length） were obtained at either 8℃ or 22℃ after 17h by addition of PEG6ooo. The rectangular-shaped crystals were obtained after further recrystallization of the rod-shaped crystals. The rhombic-shaped crystals formed at 8℃ after 12 days when cold ethanol was used instead of PEG6000. All crystallizations were performed in tris-acetate buffer （50mmol-L-1, pH 5.1）. By crystallization, the specific activity of L-asparaginase II has increased 5-fold. The protein content and the purity of the crystals were evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE）. The more concentrated L- asparaginase II out of an extract mixture and the presence of only less minor proteins after crystallization demonstrates that crystallization is an effective and mild method to purify the target protein. The single crystal X-ray diffraction pattern reveals that the crystals are proteins and the X-ray powder diffraction （XRPD） pattern shows clearly that the crystals forming in PEG600o and ethanol have different crystal structures.

关键词： protein crystallization L-asparaginase II purification

Molecular elements of pheromone detection in the female moth, Hefiothis virescens

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 389-400页

作者： Monika Zielonka Heinz Breer Jürgen Krieger Institute of Physiology University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany department of Animal Physiology Institute of BiologylZoology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany

Pheromones play pivotal roles in the reproductive behavior of moths, most prominently for the mate finding of male moths. Accordingly, the molecular basis for the detection of female-released pheromones by male moths has been studied in great detail. In contrast, little is known about how females can detect pheromone components released by themselves or by conspecifics. In this study, we assessed the antenna of female Helio- this virescens for elements of pheromone detection. In accordance with previous findings that female antennae respond to the sex pheromone component （Z）-9-tetradecenal, we identified olfactory sensory neurons that express its cognate receptor, the receptor type HR6. All HR6 cells coexpressed the ＂sensory neuron membrane protein 1＂（SNMP1） and were associated with supporting cells expressing the pheromone-binding proteins PBP1 and PBP2. These features are reminiscent to male antennae and point to congruent mechanisms for pheromone detection in the two sexes. Further analysis of the SNMP1- expressing cells revealed a higher number in females compared to males. Moreover, in females, the SNMP 1 neurons were arranged in clusters, which project their dendrites into a common sensillum, whereas in males there were only solitary SNMPl-neurons and only 1 per sensillum. Not all SNMP1 positive cells in female antennae expressed HR6 but instead the putative pheromone receptors HR11 and HR18, respectively. Neurons express- ing 1 of the 3 receptor types were assigned to different sensilla. Together the data indicate that on the antenna of females, sensory neurons in a subset of sensilla trichodea are equipped with molecular elements, which render them responsive to pheromones.

关键词： female insect moth olfaction pheromone detection

Overcoming unintended immunogenicity in immunocompetent mouse models of metastasis:the case of GFP

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第4期7卷 949-950页

作者： Christoph Schultheiß Mascha Binder department of Internal Medicine IV Oncology/HematologyMartin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg06120 HalleSaaleGermany

The applicability of immune-competent mice to model metastatic tumor progression is limited by the immunogenicity of exogenous proteins like GFP and firefly(ff)luciferase commonly used to track metastatic cells.A recent work published in Cancer Cell by Grzelak and colleagues now shows that development of mouse models that have been centrally tolerized to GFP can overcome this obstacle in transplantation models of metastasis.

关键词： metastasis metastatic immunogenicity

Intestinal autotransplantation:the next level of complexity in locally advanced pancreatic cancer

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 604-606页

作者： Artur Rebelo Jorg Kleeff department of Visceral Vascular and Endocrine SurgeryUniversity Hospital Halle(Saale)Martin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergHalleGermany

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)remains a devastating disease,and selecting patients who might benefit from complex arterial resection continues to be a ***,in the era of modern multimodal treatments,surgery for pancreatic cancer has become increasingly *** chemotherapy regimens such as modified-FOLFIRINOX(mFOLFIRINOX)and nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine are effective in a significant proportion of patients.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer with intestinal autotransplantation locally advanced arterial resection

Ion-Acoustic Rogue Waves in Multi-ion Plasmas

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2019年第8期71卷 1017-1023页

作者： M.Hassan M.H.Rahman N.A.Chowdhury A.Mannan A.A.Mamun department of physics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh Wazed Miah Science Research Center Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh Institut fur Mathematik Martin Luther Universitat Halle-Wittenberg Halle Germany

The basic properties of nonlinear ion-acoustic(IA) waves(IAWs), particularly finite amplitude IA rogue waves(IARWs) in a plasma medium(containing pair ions, iso-thermal positrons, and non-thermal electrons) are theoretically investigated by deriving the nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation(NLSE).The criteria for the modulational instability of IAWs, and the basic features of finite amplitude IARWs are *** modulationally stable and unstable regions are determined by the sign of the ratio of the dispersive coefficient to the nonlinear coefficient of *** latter is analyzed to obtain the region for the existence of the IARWs, which corresponds to the unstable *** shape of the profile of the rogue waves depends on the non-thermal parameter α and the ratio of electron temperature to positron *** is found that the increase in the value of the non-thermal parameter enhances both the amplitude and width of IARWs, and that the enhancement of electron(positron) temperature reduces(enhances) the amplitude and width of *** is worth to mention that our present investigation may be useful for understanding the salient features of IARWs in space(viz., upper region of Titan’s atmosphere, cometary comae, and Earth’s ionosphere, etc.)and laboratory(viz., plasma processing reactor and neutral beam sources, etc.) plasmas.

关键词： pair ions modulational instability rogue waves

Searching for ductile superconducting Heusler X_(2)YZ compounds

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 919-927页

作者： Noah Hoffmann Tiago F.T.Cerqueira Pedro Borlido Antonio Sanna Jonathan Schmidt Miguel A.L.Marques Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergD-06099 HalleGermany CFisUC Department of PhysicsUniversity of CoimbraRua Larga 3004-516 CoimbraPortugal Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik Weinberg 2D-06120 HalleGermany

Heusler compounds attract a great deal of attention from researchers thanks to a wealth of interesting properties,among which is *** we perform an extensive study of the superconducting and elastic properties of the cubic(full-)Heusler family using a mixture of ab initio methods,as well as interpretable and predictive machine-learning *** analyzing the statistical distributions of these properties and comparing them to anti-perovskites,we recognize universal behaviors that should be common to all conventional superconductors while others turn out to be specific to the material *** total,we discover a total of eight hypothetical materials with critical temperatures above 10 K to be compared with the current record of T_(c)=4.7 K in this ***,we expect most of these materials to be highly ductile,making them potential candidates for the manufacture of wires and tapes for superconducting magnets.

关键词： ductile compounds superconducting

Chiral logic computing with twisted antiferromagnetic magnon modes

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 917-924页

作者： Chenglong Jia Min Chen Alexander F.Schäffer Jamal Berakdar Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education&Lanzhou Center for Theoretical physics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Institut für Physik Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)Germany

Antiferromagnetic(AFM)materials offer an exciting platform for ultrafast information handling with low cross-talks and compatibility with existing *** interesting for low-energy cost computing is the spin wave-based realization of logic gates,which has been demonstrated experimentally for ferromagnetic ***,we predict chiral magnonic eigenmodes with a finite intrinsic,magnonic orbital angular momentumℓin AFM waveguides.ℓis an unbounded integer determined by the spatial topology of the *** show how these chiral modes can serve for multiplex AFM magnonic computing by demonstrating the operation of several symmetry-and topology-protected logic gates.A Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction may arise at the waveguide boundaries,allowing coupling to external electric fields and resulting in a Faraday *** uncovered aspects highlight the potential of AFM spintronics for swift data communication and handling with high fidelity and at a low-energy cost.

关键词： ferromagnetic topology chiral