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Postmortem chest computed tomography for the diagnosis of drowning:a feasibility study

forensic Sciences Research 2021年第2期6卷 152-158页

作者： Junqi Jian Lei Wan Yu Shao Donghua Zou Ping Huang Zhuoqun Wang Ningguo Liu Yijiu Chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina department of forensic medicine Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina

It may be difficult to distinguish the cause of death in drowning cases without specific *** aim of this study was to explore the forensic value of thoracic postmortem computed tomography(PMCT)using routine images and three-dimensional(3D)image *** imaging data of PMCT examinations of six drowning cadavers,aged 21-54years,were *** victims of sudden death from coronary artery disease(CAD)were chosen as a control *** 3D bilateral lung images were reconstructed using image processing software,an interactive medical image control system was used to measure and analyze parameters including lung volume,lung volume ratio,mean CT value of the whole lung,and lung CT value distribution *** volume and lung volume ratio were used to assess the shape changes of the *** CT value distribution curves showed the corresponding number of pixels of the different CT values in the lung *** volume was not signifi-cantly larger in drowning cases(mean 2958cm^(3))than in controls(mean 2342cm^(3)).Lung vo-lume ratio values in the drowning group(mean 0.3156)were greater than those in the control group(mean 0.2763);(P=0.02).There was no significant difference between the drowning and control group in the mean CT value of the whole *** were differences between lung CT value distribution curves in drowning victims and controls,with drowning victims showing a single peak and CAD cases showing a bimodal *** PMCT is help-ful for the forensic medical diagnosis of *** volume ratio and lung CT value distri-bution are potential indicators to distinguish between drowning and CAD.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic pathology postmortem CT drowning lung 3D reconstruction CT data

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Stature Estimation Based on the Length of Tibia and Fibula Measured by Digital X-ray in Chinese Han Teenagers

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法医学杂志 2012年第6期28卷 413-417,425页

作者： WANG Yu-zhuo HUANG Yun ZHOU Xiao-rong DENG Zhen-hua department of forensic pathology West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Justice P.R.China Shanghai 200063 China

Objective To derive regression formulae for stature estimation using forensic radiography from the tibia and fibula of Chinese Han teenagers in Sichuan Province. Methods To construct equations, measurements were conducted on the training sample (412 adults, 201 males and 211 females). The whole length of the fibula and four measurements of tibia were determined using CR radiography, rectified through theoretical magnification. The regression formulae were relatively constructed to the real stature measured in an erect position. Through using the testing sample (40 adults) for the regression formulae, the reliability of the regression formulae was assessed. Results The range of correlation coefficients of four measurements for tibia was 0.880-0.895 in the sex-unknown group, 0.869-0.893 in the male, and 0.8450.855 in the female. The five measurements were found to be better correlated with stature in the male than in the female. Conclusion The digital X-ray of the tibia and fibula for stature estimation is proved to be effective in forensic individual identification; therefore, these equations can be of great assistance to the stature estimation of the contemporary Chinese Han teenagers.

关键词：胫骨腓骨法医个体识别

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Perspectives on the Construction of forensic Autopsy Laboratories Designed to Handle Infectious Diseases

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2020年第2期6卷 62-64页

作者： Jian Zhao Yong Niu department of forensic pathology Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute and Key Laboratory of Forensic PathologyMinistry of Public SecurityGuangzhouChina department of forensic Science Criminal Investigation DepartmentMinistry of Public SecurityBeijingChina

Coronavirus disease 2019 has already infected tens of thousands of people in *** existing autopsy laboratories are not qualified to perform autopsies on individuals confirmed or suspected to have died from an infectious *** dealing with corpses with uncertain health conditions or unknown contact with a pathogen,the forensic medical practitioners face severe risks of being *** meet the requirements of performing autopsies on such bodies,ensure the health and safety of forensic medical practitioners,and study the pathophysiological changes of infected patients,it is necessary to improve the construction requirements and regulations for forensic autopsy laboratories.

关键词： Autopsy laboratory COVID-19 forensic pathology infectious diseases

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Developmental competence of bovine oocytes with increasing concentrations of nano-copper and nano-zinc particles during in vitro maturation

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2018年第4期7卷 161-166页

作者： Bakar R Abdel-Halim Walaa A Moselhy Nermeen Atef Helmy department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-SuefEgypt department of forensic medicine and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-SuefEgypt department of Physiology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-SuefEgypt

Objective: To evaluate copper and zinc concentrations in plasma and follicular fluid from cattle ovaries, and estimate the impact of rational concentrations of copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs & ZnO-NPs) supplemented during in vitro maturation (IVM) against DNA damage of cumulus cells, glutathione content in oocytes and on consequent embryo development. Methods: Oocytes were obtained from 2 to 8 mm follicles by aspiration method for IVM. Replicates of experiments were performed on different days, with a separate batch of cumulus oocytes complex for each day. Results: The DNA damage of oocytes and cumulus cells significantly decreased with supplemental CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs concentrations of 0.7 and 1.0 μg/mL in the IVM medium compared to medium without CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs (P < 0.01). Total glutathione concentrations in oocytes and cumulus cells significantly increased following supplementation with both 0.7 and 1.0 μg/mL CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs in comparison with 0 and 0.4 μg/mL CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs supplemented groups (P < 0.01). Supplementation of CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs during IVM medium at any concentration had no significant effect on cleavge rate. Both CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs significantly increased blastocyst rates when oocytes were matured with 0.7, 1.0 μg/mL CuO-NPs concentrations (P < 0.01). In contrast, addition of 1.5 μg/mL of CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs to the maturation media resulted in detrimental effects on the developmental competence of bovine oocytes confirming toxicity induced by CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs in high concentrations. Conclusions: CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs-treated bovine oocytes during IVM show low level of DNA fragmentation and increased intracellular glutathione content of cumulus cells. In vitro embryo development is improved by supplementation of rational concentrations of CuO-NPs or ZnO-NPs to culture media. Toxicity induced by CuO-NPs and ZnO-NPs is confirmed in high concentrations.

关键词： Nanocopper-oxide particle Nanozinc-oxide particle Toxicity IVM In vitro embryo production Cattle

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MiR-711 and miR-183-3p as potential markers for vital reaction of burned skin

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forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 503-509页

作者： Kaikai Zhang Ming Cheng Jingtao Xu Lijian Chen Jiahao Li Qiangguo Li Xiaoli Xie Qi Wang department of forensic pathology School of Forensic MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina forensic Science Centre of Guangdong Provincial Public Security department GuangzhouChina department of Critical medicine Mudan District People’s HospitalHezeChina department of Toxicology School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina

In forensic practice,the identification of antemortem burns and postmortem burns is of the utmost *** from previous studies have shown that miRNAs,with lengths stretching over 18–25 nucleotides,are highly stable and resistant to ***,there has been little research into the application of miRNAs in identifying antemortem and postmortem *** study compared the expression of miR-711 and miR-183-3p levels in mouse and postmortem human burned skins using RT-qPCR ***-qPCR examination of burned mouse skins showed that increased miR-711 and miR-183-3p expression in comparison to intact skin *** increased expressions of these two miRNAs were observed until 120 h after death in burned mouse skins,whereas no significant changes were found in postmortem burned *** human burned skins,the increased levels of these two miRNAs at 48 h following autopsy occurred in 19 of 26 subjects,which appeared to be related to the severity of the *** findings suggest that miR-711 and miR-183-3p may act as biomarkers for vital reaction of skin burn.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic pathology vital reaction skin burn miR-711 miR-183-3p

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Probiotic bacteria attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第3期9卷 116-122页

作者： Emin Sengul Sevda Ur?ar Gelen Serkan Y?ld?r?m Fikret ?elebi Ali ??nar department of Physiology Faculty of Veterinary Ataturk University department of Food Hygiene and Technology Faculty of Veterinary Ataturk University department of pathology Faculty of Veterinary Ataturk University

Objective: To investigate the effects of probiotic bacteria on cisplatin(CP)-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: In the present study, 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were used and randomly divided into five groups including control, CP, probiotic bacteria treatment groups with different doses(0.5 and 1 mL) and only probiotic bacteria group. After CP and probiotic administration on seven days, rats sacrificed under anesthesia on the eighth day. The serum urea, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels were analyzed. In renal tissue, malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase and glutathione activity, interleukin-8, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were determined and histopathological and immunohistochemical changes were also examined. Results: According to results, urea, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels as well as kidney weights increased in CP group. Also, CP induced inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in kidney tissue and caused histopathological changes. Administration of the high dose of probiotic bacteria could prevent these changes and damages. Conclusions: This study reveals that probiotic bacteria has protective effects on CP-induced renal damage in rats.

关键词： Apoptosis Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity Probiotic Rat

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Inhibitory effects of polysaccharides isolated from Phellinus gilvus on benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第4期11卷 577-579页

作者： Jae-Sung Bae Kwang-Ho Jang Hyunee Yim Seung-Chun Park Hee-Kyung Jin College of veterinary medicine Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 Republic of Korea department of pathology Ajou University School of medicine Suwon Republic of Korea

AIM: Although polysaccharides from Phellinus mushrooms are a well-known material with anti-tumor properties, there is no information about the effect of polysaccharides from Phellinus gilvus (PG) on tumor. The modulating effect of polysaccharides isolated from PG on the benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in ICR female mice was investigated in this ***: A forestomach carcinogenesis model was established in 40 ICR female mice receiving oral administration of BaP for 4 wk. The mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups (10 each). The mice in each group were treated with sterile water or PG for 4 and 8 wk (SW4,PGW4, SW8, and PGW8 groups). Eight or 12 wk after the first dose of BaP, forestomachs were removed for histopathological and RT-PCR ***: In histopathological changes and RT-PCR analysis, sterile water-treated mice showed significant hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa with a significantly increased expression of mutant p53 mRNA compared to mice treated with PG for 8 ***: Polysaccharides isolated from PG may inhibit BaP-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in mice bydown-regulating mutant p53 expression.

关键词： Forestomach carcinogenesis Phellinus gilvus Polysaccharides p53 Gene

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Can we switch production of toxic Aβ oligomers to neuroprotective Aβ monomers to allow synapse regeneration?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1437-1438页

作者： Clive Bate department of pathology and Pathogen Biology Royal Veterinary College

Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is a complex neurological disor- der characterized by a progressive dementia. The amyloid hypothesis states that pathogenesis is driven by the accumu- lation of amyloid β（Aβ） peptides within the brain （Hardy and Higgins, 1992）, which have multiple effects including activation of glial cells and synapse degeneration. For many years therapeutic strategies were based upon the discovery of compounds that reduced the production of Aβ in vitro and in vivo. However, the amyloid hypothesis is not universally accepted; critics pointed out poor correlations between con- centrations of Aβ in the brain and clinical disease and that, although numerous compounds reduced the production of Aβ in animal models, few had any clinical benefit in AD pa- tients. The failure of Aβ-1owering therapies in translational research has resulted in important modifications of the amy- loid hypothesis.

关键词： AD PA Can we switch production of toxic A oligomers to neuroprotective A

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Research advances in forensic diatom testing

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forensic Sciences Research 2020年第2期5卷 98-105页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhou Yongjie Cao Jiao Huang Kaifei Deng Kaijun Ma Tianye Zhang Liqin Chen Ji Zhang Ping Huang Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina department of forensic medicine Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHuhhotChina department of forensic medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina department of forensic medicine Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina Institute of forensic Science Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau ShanghaiChina

In forensic practice,it is difficult to determine whether a dead body in the water resulted from drowning or from disposal after *** testing is currently an important supporting technique for the determination of death by drowning and of drowning sites,even though it is a time-consuming and laborious *** article reviews the development of diatom testing over the decades and discusses a new method for the potential application of deep learning in diatom testing.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic pathology drowning diatom deep learning

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Spontaneous Subdural Hemorrhage due to Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation in a Child

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2018年第3期4卷 174-178页

作者： Nor Fadhilah Madon Ahmad Hafizam Hasmi Khairul Anuar Zainun Hapizah Mohd Nawawi department of forensic medicine National Institute of Forensic MedicineHospital Kuala LumpurMinistry of Health MalaysiaKuala Lumpur department of Forensic MedicineHospital Sungai BulohJalan Hospital institute of pathology Laboratory and Forensic MedicineUniversiti Teknologi MARASungai Buloh CampusJalan HospitalSelangorMalaysia

Spontaneous subdural hemorrhage(SDH)is an uncommon nontraumatic bleed of the brain,involving the dura and arachnoid *** commonly occurs due to tearing of bridging veins;however,SDH from the rupture of arteriovenous malformation(AVM)is an uncommon phenomenon,particularly in *** report a case of atypical SDH in a 1-year-old child with AVM and a history of alleged *** revealed SDH in the right parietal and middle cranial fossa without any external or internal injuries to the head,brain,or other parts of the *** examination and immunohistochemical staining of the brain tissue revealed an abnormal distribution of arteries and veins of various sizes and *** a detailed histopathological examination of the brain and meticulous investigation of vascular abnormalities,we conclude the cause of acute SDH to be due to a ruptured AVM.

关键词： Arteriovenous malformations child abuse spontaneous subdural hemorrhage

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