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The Jehol Biota, an Early Cretaceous terrestrial Lagerst ¨atte: new discoveries and implications

National Science Review 2014年第4期1卷 543-559页

作者： Zhonghe Zhou Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences

The study of the Early Cretaceous terrestrial Jehol Biota,which provides a rare window for reconstruction of a Lower Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystem,is reviewed with a focus on some of the latest progress.A newly proposed deinition of the biota based on paleoecology and taphonomy is *** the Jehol fossils are mainly preserved in two types of sedimentary rocks,there are various types of preservation with a complex mechanism that remains to be *** discoveries of signiicant taxa from the Jehol Biota,with an updated introduction of its diversity,conirm that the Jehol Biota represents one of the most diversiied biotas of the *** evolutionary signiicance of major biological groups(***,birds,mammals,pterosaurs,insects,and plants)is discussed mainly in the light of recent discoveries,and some of the most remarkable aspects of the biota are *** global and local geological,paleogeographic,and paleoenvironmental background of the Jehol Biota have contributed to the unique composition,evolution,and preservation of the biota,demonstrating widespread faunal exchanges between Asia and other continents caused by the presence of the Eurasia–North American continental mass and its link to South America,and conirming northeastern China as the origin and diversiication center for a variety of Cretaceous biological *** some progress has been made on the reconstruction of the paleotemperature at the time of the Jehol Biota,much more work is needed to conirm a possible link between the remarkable diversity of the biota and the cold intervals during the Early ***,future directions for the study of the Jehol Biota are proposed that highlight the great potential of more comprehensive and multidisciplinary studies to further our understanding of the biological and geological implications of the Jehol Lagerst¨ate.

关键词： Jehol Biota Early Cretaceous Lagerst¨ate China terrestrial ecosystem

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Fossils of Macaca mulatta from Tianyuan Cave, with Notes on Some Previously Unpublished Specimens of Macaca from Zhoukoudian Area

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第5期88卷 1397-1408页

作者： TONG Haowen Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The recently discovered macaque fossils, including isolated teeth and mandible fragments, from Tianyuan Cave and the juvenile maxilla from Wanglaopu Cave near Zhoukoudian can be identified as Macaca mulatta; they represent the first recognized occurrence of fossil M. mulatta in the far north of China. Some previously unearthed but still unpublished Macaca specimens were also studied, including a cranium and the associated mandible from CKT Loc.13A, a maxilla and a mandible from Loc.1, a mandible from Loc.4, and a maxilla from Loc.20, as well as a mandible with complete toothrow from Zhoukoudian but without locality details, all of them can be referred to M. robusta. The study shows M. robusta is more closely related to M. mulatta than to M. anderssonL Zhoukoudian is the richest area of Macacina fossils in North China, totally 2 genera and 4 species were once recognized from 9 localities, namely, Procynocephalus wimani, M. cf. anderssoni, M. robusta and M. mulatta. The fossil records of Macacina in Zhoukoudian area were almost continuous through the Quaternary Period, and it＇s reasonable to assume that Zhoukoudian used to be an evolutionary center for macaques in North China. Therefore, the macaque population of M. mulatta once existed decades ago around Beijing probably originated from the Pleistocene ancestors in the local area, rather than being human-introduced as previously thought.

关键词： Macaca mulatta Macaca robusta Tianyuan Cave Zhoukoudian Pleistocene

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Large Tetrapod Burrows from the Permian Naobaogou Formation of the Daqingshan Area, Nei Mongol, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第6期87卷 1501-1507页

作者： LIU Jun LI Lu Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Two new tetrapod burrow casts from the Naobaogou Formation （Middle or Late Permian） of Nei Mongol,China are *** marks the first pre-Cenozoic tetrapod burrow from China,and one of the earliest records of tetrapod *** to other Permian and Triassic burrows suggests that these burrows were created by tetrapod slightly smaller than *** from the morphology and sizes of two burrows and known tetrapods of the Naobaogou Formation,the burrow should be the production of a therapsid,most likely a *** burrows indicate a seasonal climate and this area was semiarid or arid during that time.

关键词： burrow Naobaogou Formation dicynodon therocephalian

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Mesozoic mammals of China: implications for phylogeny and early evolution of mammals

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National Science Review 2014年第4期1卷 521-542页

作者： Jin Meng Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Division of paleontology American Museum of Natural History

All Mesozoic mammaliaforms reported from China are briely documented *** forms can be divided into at least ive major assemblages:Lufeng,Yanliao(Daohugou),Jehol,Fuxin and Bayan Mandahu,ranging from the Early Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous *** the temporal and geographic distributions of these mammaliaforms are not dense,the records do reveal a patern that is generally consistent with paterns that have been recognized *** initial stage of mammalian evolution was represented by stem mammaliaforms or primitive‘triconodonts’from the *** was followed by the Middle-Late Jurassic Yanliao episode that showed a high diversity and disparity of mammaliaforms in which terrestrial,swimming,arboreal and gliding species were *** disparity,at least in molar morphology and types of locomotion,decreased but the diversity persisted into the Cretaceous,a period that was dominated by eutriconodontans,multituberculates and *** superb specimens from nearly all major groups of Mesozoic mammals in China provided a great amount of information that contributed to our understanding on some major issues in phylogeny and the early evolution of mammals,such as divergences of mammals and the evolution of the mammalian middle ear.A hypothesis on the transformation of the allotherian tooth patern is proposed as an example to illustrate the potential for future studies of mammalian evolution.

关键词： mammals Mesozoic phylogeny evolution China

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Strenulagus(Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from the Middle Eocene Irdin Manha Formation of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第1期89卷 12-26页

作者： Lucja FOSTOWICZ-FRELIK LI Chuankui LI Qian MENG Jin WANG Yuanqing Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Paleobiology Polish Academy of Sciences Division of paleontology American Museum of Natural History

New material of Strenulagus solaris, a stem lagomorph, from the lower part of the Middle Eocene Irdin Manha Formation at the Irdin Manha and Huheboerhe localities, Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China includes remains of isolated cheek teeth, fragmentary upper incisors （dI2） and postcranial elements, reported from the species for the first time. The tarsal bones display advanced features, such as a wide calcaneofibular articulation surface and, along with an increase in hypsodonty, the new data document the early stage of lagomorph evolution in the Middle Eocene of the Erlian Basin. This finding is stratigraphically well constrained and probably predates that of the type material of S. solaris from the Khaychin Formation, Bugin-Tsav Basin, Mongolia.

关键词： Vertebrate paleontology stem lagomorphs morphology Paleogene Land Mammal Ages,Inner Mongolia

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Effect of solution treatment on the microstructure,phase transformation behavior and functional properties of NiTiNb ternary shape memory alloys fabricated via laser powder bed fusion in-situ alloying

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 202-223页

作者： Rui Xi Hao Jiang Guichuan Li Zhihui Zhang Huiliang Wei Guoqun Zhao Jan Van Humbeeck Xiebin Wang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong UniversityJingshi Road 17923Jinan 250061People's Republic of China department of Materials Engineering University of Leuven(KU Leuven)Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 bus 2450Heverlee B3001Belgium Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) Jilin UniversityRenmin Street 5988Changchun 130025People's Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyXiaolingwei Street 200Nanjing 210094People's Republic of China

Post-heat treatment is commonly employed to improve the microstructural homogeneity and enhance the mechanical performances of the additively manufactured metallic *** this work,a ternary(NiTi)91Nb9(at.%)shape memory alloy was produced by laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)using pre-alloyed NiTi and elemental Nb *** effect of solution treatment on the microstructure,phase transformation behavior and mechanical/functional performances was *** in-situ alloyed(NiTi)91Nb9 alloy exhibits a submicron cellular-dendritic structure surrounding the supersaturated B2-NiTi *** high-temperature(1273 K)solution treatment,Nb-rich precipitates were precipitated from the supersaturated *** fragmentation and spheroidization of the NiTi/Nb eutectics occurred during solution treatment,leading to a morphological transition from mesh-like into rod-like and *** of theβ-Nb phases occurred with increasing holding *** martensite transformation temperature increases after solution treatment,mainly attributed to:(i)reduced lattice distortion due to the Nb expulsion from the supersaturated B2-NiTi,and(ii)the Ti expulsion from theβ-Nb phases that lowers the ratio Ni/Ti in the B2-NiTi matrix,which resulted from the microstructure changes from non-equilibrium to equilibrium *** thermal hysteresis of the solutionized alloys is around 145 K after 20%pre-deformation,which is comparable to the conventional NiTiNb alloys.A short-term solution treatment(*** 1273 K for 30 min)enhances the ductility and strength of the as-printed specimen,with the increase of fracture stress from(613±19)MPa to(781±20)MPa and the increase of fracture strain from(7.6±0.1)%to(9.5±0.4)%.Both the as-printed and solutionized samples exhibit good tensile shape memory effects with recovery rates>90%.This work suggests that post-process heat treatment is essential to optimize the microstructure and improve the mechanical performances of the L-PBF in-situ allo

关键词： shape memory alloy NiTiNb laser powder bed fusion in-situ alloying heat treatment

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Net effect of air pollution controls on health risk in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during the 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： Changqing Lin Peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.H.Lau Jimmy C.H.Fung Zibing Yuan Minghui Tao Xuguo Zhang Md.Shakhaoat Hossain Chengcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to the non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** the counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous when the assessments focus on the changes in pollutant *** this study,a risk-based method was used to gauge the net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei(BTH)region during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).This mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate the efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** show that O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in the *** to the active photochemical formations,O_(3) became the dominant pollutant that affected human health during the *** the substantial O_(3) increases,the health benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwhelmed the adverse health effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of the BTH(at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering the impacts of particulate matter,the integrated health risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywhere in the *** results underscore the great necessity of changing the assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based methods to using risk-based *** with the carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to achieve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate change.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide Health risk Carbon neutrality Mega-events

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Longgudong,an Early Pleistocene site in Jianshi,South China,with stratigraphic association of human teeth and lithics

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第3期60卷 452-462页

作者： LI Hao LI ChaoRong Kathleen KUMAN Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography Archaeology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of the Witwatersrand

In this paper we report on Longgudong,an Early Pleistocene cave site in south China which was systematically excavated in 1999 and 2000,and where human teeth and associated stone artifacts were discovered within the same stratigraphic *** age of this site was estimated from faunal comparisons and palaeomagnetism and has been attributed to the Early Pleistocene,most probably the earlier Early *** human teeth from this site have been well ***,the stone artifacts are still unknown to most *** paper thus presents an analysis of the lithics as the first firmly demonstrated stone tools associated with Early Pleistocene human fossils in south China.

关键词： Longgudong Early Pleistocene Hominin teeth Stone artifacts

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A new eutriconodont mammal from the early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of Liaoning, China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第5期59卷 546-553页

作者： Shilin Hou Jin Meng department of Geology Northeastern University Paleontological Institute Shenyang Normal University Division of paleontology American Museum of Natural History Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origin of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences

A new genus and species of eutriconodont mammal,Chaoyangodens lii *** ***.,from the Dawangzhangzi bed of Yixian Formation,Lingyuan,Liaoning,is *** new species has a tooth formula I5-C1-P1-M3/i4-c1-p1-m4,unique among eutriconodonts in having only one premolar in lower and upper jaws,respectively,and a distinctive diastema between the canine and the *** simple incisors and reduced premolars show a mosaic combination of primitive and derived *** new taxon adds to the diverse group of Jehol *** the known species from at least three horizons,there seems no evolutionary trend in morphology that is recognizable,except for that larger species are all from the Lujiatun bed of the Yixian Fm.A thorough and systematic analysis involving all the Jehol eutriconodonts is needed to understand their phylogenetic relationships.

关键词：热河生物群哺乳动物早白垩世辽宁中国新分类群外部形态亲缘关系

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Neogene integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第1期62卷 310-323页

作者： Tao DENG Sukuan HOU Shiqi WANG Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment department of Earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University

The widely exposed Chinese Neogene terrestrial deposits provide the best circumstance for the establishment of an accurate chronostratigraphic system of Eurasia, and the rapidly evolved mammalian fossils contribute efficiently to the division and correlation of Asian Neogene strata. A uniform Neogene biostratigraphic framework for China has already been established,with seven mammalian ages named. With a developed stratigraphic basis for the geochronologic "ages", seven chronostratigraphic "stage" have been established for the Chinese Neogene terrestrial strata, namely the Miocene Xiejian, Shanwangian,Tunggurian, Bahean, and Baodean stages, and the Pliocene Gaozhuangian and Mazegouan stages. Based on a series of research achievements, refined biostratigraphic, paleomagnetic and isotopic methods were combined and applied to continuous sections,and a Chinese Neogene chronostratigraphic sequence with accurate geological ages was established and improved in recent years. The lower boundaries of most of the stages could be correlated with those of the marine stages in the International Chronostratigraphic Chart, except the Tunggurian Stage, which is correlated with the European land mammal age. The biostratigraphic markers of the Chinese Neogene stages are usually first appearance of a single taxon, some representing regional species replacement, others indicating intercontinental migration of certain taxa. Candidate stratotype sections have been proposed for all the Chinese Neogene stages according to the principle and rule of modern stratigraphy, and other Chinese Neogene strata in different regions are comprehensively correlated.

关键词： Neogene Stage/age Mammal Biostratigraphy Chronostratigraphy Magnetostratigraphy China

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