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New findings of Changxingaspis(Xiushuiaspidae,Galeaspida)from the Silurian of Tarim Basin and Zhejiang Province,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 531-540页

作者： LI Xutong ZHANG Yumeng LIN Xianghong ZHU Min ZHAO Wenjin TANG Lizhou SHAN Xianren GAI Zhikun Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China College of Life Sciences Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology Institute of PalaeontologyYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044China

New discovery of the early Silurian fossil fish Changxingaspis(Xiushuiaspidae,Galeaspida),Changxingaspis nianzhongi *** ***,are described from the Tataertag Formation in Tarim Basin and the Kangshan Formation in Zhejiang Province,*** mainly differs from *** in the shape of the median dorsal opening that is transverse elliptic with a width/length ratio of about 3.0,the long lateral transverse canals extending to the lateral margin of the headshield,and the second lateral transverse canal with dichotomous *** of *** from the Tataertag Formation and *** from the Kangshan Formation provide direct evidence on the specific level for the correlation between these two formations,which further supports the Silurian fish-bearing red beds in northwest Zhejiang belonging to the Silurian Lower Red Beds(LRBs)rather than the Upper Red Beds(URBs).Additionally,as the first record of the Changxingaspis in Tarim Basin,it extends the paleogeographical distribution of this genus from the South China Block to the Tarim Block,providing new evidence to support faunal exchanges between these two blocks and the hypothesis of a united Tarim-South China Block during the early Silurian.

关键词： vertebrate paleontology Galeaspids Changxingaspis new taxon Tataertag Formation Kangshan Formation Aeronian-Telychian Tarim Zhejiang

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A new titanosaurian sauropod from the Upper Cretaceous of Jiangxi Province, southern China

自然遗产与文博研究

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自然遗产与文博研究 2024年 143-177页

作者： Mo Jinyou Fu Qiongyao Yu Yilun Xu Xing Geological department Natural History Museum of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Vertebrate evolutionary Biology Yunnan University College of paleontology Paleontological Museum of Liaoning Shenyang Normal University

Jiangxititan ganzhouensis gen. et sp. nov. is a new titanosaurian sauropod recovered from the Upper Cretaceous(Maastrichtian) Nanxiong Formation of Jiangxi Province, southern China. It is characterised by:(1) posterior cervical and anterior dorsal centra strongly compressed dorsoventrally;(2) accessory horizontal laminae present within the anterior dorsal pleurocoels;(3) posterior cervical and anterior dorsal neural arches low;(4) posterior cervical and anterior dorsal neural spines deeply bifurcated and widely separated;(5) inverted'V'lamina formed by the left and right medial spinoprezygapophyseal laminae present at the anterior margin of the bifid point in posteriormost cervical and anteriormost dorsal neural spines;(6) triangular fossa formed by the metapophysis, medial and lateral spinoprezygapophyseal laminae present at the anterior margins of the posteriormost cervical and anteriormost dorsal neural spines;(7) postzygapophyses in the posterior cervical vertebrae fan-shaped;(8) medial and lateral spinopostzygapophyseal laminae present in the anterior dorsal vertebrae and;(9) anterior dorsal rib short and gracile. Our phylogenetic analysis places Jiangxititan within the deeply-nested titanosauriform clade Lognkosauria and the sympatric Gannansaurus in a much earlier-diverging lineage. This new discovery thus demonstrates the presence of both early-diverging and late-diverging titanosauriform sauropods in the Late Cretaceous Ganzhou dinosaur fauna.

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Property evolution and service life prediction of novel metallic materials for future lunar bases

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5318-5331页

作者： Sen-Kuan Meng Rui-Song Zhu Hong-Liang Zheng Tong Gao Shi-Hao Jiang Wen-Hao Wang Shu-Hao Zhang Zi-Yuan Zhao Xuan Ge Wei-Min Wang Li-Na Hu Zheng Wang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg University

While lunar bases have been a focus of development in recent years, the complex and extreme environment of the lunar surface remains a considerable challenge for lunar exploration. Unlike those on Earth,lunar day and night temperature variations cause the properties of materials, especially metallic materials, to evolve in completely different manners. In this study, we investigated the property evolution of nine typical highperformance metallic materials using laboratory simulations of the extremely long-period lunar temperature environment. While lunation treatment improves the properties of all metallic materials, the microscopic mechanisms vary for amorphous and crystalline alloys with different structures. The treatment reduces both the loosely packed regions and heterogeneity in amorphous alloys while causing significant phase changes in crystalline alloys. Furthermore, a conservative prediction of the service life of metallic materials on lunar bases is provided based on analyzing microplastic events, followed by the practical material selection recommendations in various lunar application scenarios.

关键词： Lunar exploration Metallic glass Metallic material Property evolution

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Megafossils of Betulaceae from the Oligocene of Qaidam Basin and their paleoenvironmental and phytogeographic implications

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 101-115页

作者： Tao Yang Jia-Hao Cai Yan-Zhi Dai Hong-Yu Chen Lei Han Li Zhang Wei-Yu Liang Xu-Jun Li Wen-Jia Li Jing-Yu Wu San-Ping Xie De-Fei Yan School of Earth Sciences and Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China(Gansu Province) Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Center for Research and Education on Biological evolution and Environments School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Understanding the paleoenvironment and phytogeographical history of the Tibetan Plateau,China relies on discovering new plant *** Qaidam Basin has long been regarded as an ideal‘field laboratory’to investigate the paleoclimate and paleobiological evolution of the northern Tibetan ***,fossil angiosperms from the Qaidam Basin are rare,and our knowledge of its paleovegetation is ***,we report fossil leaves and fruits of Betulaceae found from the Oligocene Shangganchaigou Formation of northwestern Qaidam Basin(Huatugou area).Comparative morphological analysis led us to assign the fruits to the Betula subgenus Betula and the leaves to Carpinus *** findings,together with other reported fossil plants from the same locality,reveal a close floristic linkage between the Qaidam Basin and Europe during the *** northern pathway of this floristic exchange may have crossed through the Qaidam Basin during the late *** floristic linkage may have been facilitated by the continuous narrowing of the Turgai Strait and stronger westerlies,which transported moisture and provided favorable climatic ***,fossil plants collected from the Qaidam Basin suggest that during the Oligocene this region had warm and humid deciduous broad-leaf forest,which differs from the region’s modern vegetation and indicates that the Qaidam Basin may have been a suitable region for these plants to flourish and spread during the Oligocene.

关键词： Paleoenvironment Biogeography Betulaceous fossil Qaidam basin Tibetan Plateau Oligocene

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Comparison of engineering failures and seismic responses of 500 kV transformer-bushing systems in the 2022 Luding earthquake

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第4期23卷 1029-1041页

作者： Zhu Wang Wu Ming’er Xie Qiang department of Structural Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Performance evolution and Control for Engineering Structures(Tongji University) Shanghai 200092China

Cemented and mechanically clamped types of end fittings(fitting-C and fitting-M)are commonly used in transformer *** the Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake that occurred in China on September 5,2022,all transformer bushings with the two types of end fittings in a 500 kV substation were ***-earthquake field investigations were conducted,and the failures of the two types of bushings were *** elementary simulation models of the transformer-bushing systems were developed to simulate the engineering failures,and further compute their seismic responses for *** results indicate that the hitch lugs of the connection flange are structurally harmful to seismic ***-M can decrease the bending stiffness of the bushing due to the flexible sealing rubber *** it provides a more flexible connection that dissipates energy,the peak accelerations and relative displacements at the top of the bushing are significantly lower than those of the bushing with *** with fitting-C,fitting-M transfers the high-stress areas from the connection flange to the root of the porcelain,so the latter becomes the most vulnerable ***-M increases the failure risk of the low-strength porcelain,indicating the unsuitability of applying it in high-intensity fortification regions.

关键词： transformer bushing end fitting Luding earthquake,engineering failure seismic responses

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Strategy for suppressing abnormal grain growth of ZK60 Mg alloy during solution by pre-compression:A quasi-in-situ study

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 115-128页

作者： Zhenxu Wang Liang Chen Jianwei Tang Cunsheng Zhang Guoqun Zhao Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong UniversityJinanShandong 250061China department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan

Abnormal grain growth(AGG)easily takes place in Mg alloys during high-temperature solutions,result-ing in deterioration of mechanical ***,the compression prior to solution(pre-compression)was conducted to suppress AGG,and the microstructure evolution as well as suppressing mechanisms was investigated based on quasi-in-situ *** compression along the transverse direction,//ED grains preferentially nucleated and rapidly grew up,and the initial//ED texture was *** grain growth modes of heat-induced and strain-induced grain boundary migrations were *** former was attributed to the high interfacial energy of grain boundaries with large *** latter consumed the adjacent grains with high storage energy,forming abnormal grains with irregular *** compression with a reduction>6%could obviously suppress *** suppressing effects were mainly attributed to weakening the size advantage of//ED grains,increasing nucleation,reducing grain boundary character distribution,and redistributing storage energy *** 12%compression along the transverse direction,30°misorientation of//ED grains and high energy grain boundaries were ***{10-12}tensile twins and{10-15}high index twins induced by com-pression increased the nucleation of static ***,compression introduces high-density dislocations,which also contributed to suppressing AGG behavior during solution.

关键词： Quasi-in-situ analysis Mg alloy Abnormal grain growth Compression Microstructure

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New dating indicates intermittent human occupation of the Nwya Devu Paleolithic site on the high-altitude central Tibetan Plateau during the past 45,000 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 531-551页

作者： Junyi GE Xiaoling ZHANG Shejiang WANG Linhui LI Wei HE Yingshuai JIN Peiqi ZhANG Bing XU Chenglong DENG John WOLSEN Zhengtang GUO Xing GAO Institute of Vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Tibetan Cultural Relics Conservation Institute Lhasa 850000China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Anthropology University of ArizonaTucson85721USA

The timing and mechanisms of the human occupation of the demanding high-altitude Tibetan Plateau environment are of great ***,we report on our reinvestigations and dating of the Nwya Devu site,located nearly 4600 meters above sea level on the central Tibetan Plateau.A new microblade techno-complex was identified on a lower lake shore at this site,distinct from the previously reported blade tool *** two lithic assemblages were dated to 45.6±2.6 and10.3±0.5 ka using optically stimulated luminescence and accelerator mass spectrometry^(14)C *** represent,respectively,the earliest known Paleolithic and microlithic sites on the interior Tibetan Plateau,indicating multiple occupation episodes of hunter-gatherers during the past 45 *** studies reveal that relatively stable depositional conditions and a paleoenvironment characterized by a comparatively warm climate facilitated these multiple occupations at Nwya *** contemporaneous occurrence of the Upper Paleolithic blade technology on the Tibetan Plateau and most of Eurasia between 50 and 40 ka indicates rapid,large-scale dispersals of humans that profoundly affected human demography on a large *** new archaeological evidence and previously reported genetic data,we conclude that the Tibetan Plateau provided a relatively stable habitat for Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers,which may have contributed to the complex and multiple-origin gene pool of present-day Tibetans.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Paleolithic Nwya Devu High-altitude adaptation Microblade industry Early Upper Paleolithic OSLdating AMS^(14)C dating

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Performance of evolutionary optimized machine learning for modeling total organic carbon in core samples of shale gas fields

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 150-164页

作者： Leonardo Goliatt C.M.Saporetti L.C.Oliveira E.Pereira department of Computational and Applied Mechanics Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de ForaBrazil department of Computational Modeling Polytechnic InstituteRio de Janeiro State UniversityNova FriburgoBrazil Petrobras Rio de JaneiroBrazil department of Stratigraphy and paleontology Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de JaneiroBrazil

Rock samples'TOC content is the best indicator of the organic matter in source *** origin rock samples’analysis is used to calculate it manually by *** method requires time and resources because it relies on samples from many well intervals in source ***,research has been done to aid this *** learning algorithms can estimate total organic carbon instead of well logs and stratigraphic *** light of these efforts,the current work present a study on automating the total organic carbon estimation using machine learning approaches improved by an evolutionary methodology to give the model flexibility and *** algorithms,differential evolution,particle swarm optimization,grey wolf optimization,artificial bee colony,and evolution strategies were used to improve machine learning models to predict *** six metaheuristics were integrated into four machine learning methods:extreme learning machine,elastic net linear model,linear support vector regression,and multivariate adaptive regression *** samples from the YuDong-Nan shale gas field,located in the Sichuan basin,were used to evaluate the hybrid *** findings show that combining machine learning models with an evolutionary algorithms in a hybrid fashion produce flexible models that accurately predict *** results show that,independent of the metaheuristic used to guide the model selection,optimized extreme learning machines attained the best performance scores according to six *** hybrid models can be used in exploratory geological research,particularly for unconventional oil and gas resources.

关键词： Total organic carbon Hybrid models Automated machine learning evolutionary algorithms Geology

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Functional mechanism study of the allelochemical myrigalone A identifies a group of ultrapotent inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis in plants

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 246-262页

作者： George Heslop-Harrison Kazumi Nakabayashi Ana Espinosa-Ruiz Francesca Robertson Robert Baines Christopher R.L.Thompson Katrin Hermann David Alabadí Gerhard Leubner-Metzger Robin S.B.Williams Centre for Biomedical Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Centre for Plant Molecular Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas(CSIC-UPV) 46022 ValenciaSpain Centre for Life’s Origins and evolution Department of GeneticsEvolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK Syngenta Crop Protection AGSteinSwitzerland

Allelochemicals represent a class of natural products released by plants as root,leaf,and fruit exudates that interfere with the growth and survival of neighboring *** how allelochemicals function to regulate plant responses may provide valuable new approaches to better control plant *** such allelochemical,Myrigalone A(MyA)produced by Myrica gale,inhibits seed germination and seedling growth through an unknown ***,we investigate MyA using the tractable modelDictyostelium discoideum and reveal that its activity depends on the conserved homolog of the plant ethylenesynthesis protein 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase(ACO).Furthermore,in silico modeling predicts the direct binding of MyA to ACO within the catalytic *** ***,ablation of ACO mimics the MyA-dependent developmental delay,which is partially restored by exogenous ethylene,and MyA reduces ethylene *** Arabidopsis thaliana,MyA treatment delays seed germination,and this effect is rescued by exogenous *** also mimics the effect of established ACO inhibitors on root and hypocotyl extension,blocks ethylenedependent root hair production,and reduces ethylene ***,in silico binding analyses identify a rangeof highlypotentethylene inhibitorsthatblock ethylene-dependent responseand reduce ethyleneproduction in ***,we demonstrate a molecular mechanism by which the allelochemical MyA reduces ethylene biosynthesis and identify a range of ultrapotent inhibitors of ethylene-regulated responses.

关键词： 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid ACC ACC oxidase ACO allelochemicals ethylene synthesis inhibitors structure-activity relationship

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Multi-Elemental Chemostratigraphy,Sequence Development,Depositional History,and Environmental Importance of Early Eocene Red Beds(Kuldana Formation)in NW Himalayas,Pakistan

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 349-375页

作者： Amir Shahzad George Kontakiotis Thierry Adatte Khawaja Shoaib Ahmed Muhammad Tayyib Riaz Hammad Tariq Janjuhah Evangelia Besiou Institute of Geology University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan department of Historical Geology-paleontology Faculty of Geology and GeoenvironmentSchool of Earth SciencesNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensPanepistimiopolisZografou15784Greece Institute of Earth Sciences(ISTE) University of LausanneLausanneCH-1015Switzerland department of Geology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringalPeshawar18050Pakistan

The Eocene Kuldana Formation(KF)in the Yadgar area of Pakistan,comprises a diverse range of sedimentary facies,including variegated red beds of shales,mudstones,and sandstones,as well as interbedded limestone and *** this study,we conducted an integrated micropaleontological,sedimentological,mineralogical,and geochemical investigation to determine the depositional setting,biochronology,provenance,and paleoclimate of the *** study identified six lithofacies and six microfacies,which indicate a variety of environments ranging from floodplains and channels to the margins and shallow marine *** nannofossil biostratigraphy places the KF in the Early Eocene,more precisely the NP10 zone(Ypresian),and the fossil zone of benthic foraminifera classifies the study section as the Shallow Benthic Zone SBZ-8(Middle Ilerdian 2).In terms of petrography,the KF sandstone was classified as litharenite and feldspathic litharenite,while the QtFL diagram suggests a recycled *** proxies indicate an oxidizing environment,a high-to-low regular sedimentation rate,moderate-to-intense chemical weathering in the source region,and a warm-humid to dry climate during the deposition of ***,the findings suggest that the deposition of KF marks the end of Neo-Tethys due to the Early Eocene Indian–Kohistan collision and that the uplifting of the Himalayas provided the source for the deposition of KF in the foreland *** study provides new insights into the depositional environment,biochronology,provenance,and paleoclimate of KF,and highlights the potential for red beds as reliable indicators of oxygenation levels in proximity to mineral deposits.

关键词： sedimentary microfacies Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum stratigraphic correlations paleoenvironmental reconstruction nannofossils paleontology

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