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Autoinflammatory characteristics and short-term effects of delivering high-dose steroids to the surface of the intact endolymphatic sac and incus in refractory Ménière’s disease

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Journal of Otology 2019年第2期14卷 40-50页

作者： Jing Zou department of otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Center for Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery of Chinese PLA Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University

Objective:To investigate immune-related genetic background in intractable Meniere’s disease(MD)and the immediate results of a novel therapy by delivering steroids to the surface of the intact endolymphatic sac(ES)and incus in a sustainable *** report and methods:Candidate genes involved in immune regulation were sequenced using a nextgeneration sequencing method in a patient with intractable *** were confirmed using the Sanger sequencing *** ES was exposed,and gelatin sponge particles were immersed in highdose methylprednisolone solution and placed onto the surface of ES.“L”-shaped gelatin sponge strips were immersed in dexamethasone solution and served as a guiding device for the steroids by touching the incus and gelatin sponge particles on the surface of the *** sponge particles immersed in dexamethasone solution were placed around the gelatin sponge strips and sealed using fibrin ***:Autoinflammation in the refractory MD case was indicated by genotype,including novel heterozygous mutations of PRF1,UNC13D,SLC29A3,ITCH,and JAK3,as well as *** vertigo was fully relieved immediately after *** and aural fullness were resolved 3 weeks after operation,whereas hearing improved in 2 mon *** recurrence was noted during the 5-monfollow-up,and the final MRI supported the novel therapeutic ***:Autoinflammation was involved in a refractory *** novel therapy,which involves the delivery of steroids to the surface of the intact ES and incus,is effective in relieving vertigo and tinnitus and improves hearing function of refractory MD.

关键词： Vestibular function Tinnitus Genetic disorders Hearing

The Genetic Deafness in Chinese Population

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Journal of Otology 2006年第1期1卷 1-10页

作者： Denise Yan department of otolaryngology University of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA

Deafness is an etiologically heterogeneous trait with many known genetic, environmental causes or a combination thereof. The identification of more than 120 independent genes for deafness has provided profound new insights into the pathophysiology of hearing. However, recent findings indicate that a large proportion of both syndromic and nonsyndromic forms of deafness in Chinese population are caused by a small number of mutations. This review is focused on syndromic and nonsyndromic deafness as well as on the latest information linking inherited mitochondrial pathologies to a variety of etiologies of sensorineural deafness in Chinese population. Better understanding of the genetic causes of deafness in Chinese population is important for accurate genetics counseling and early diagnosis for timely intervention and treatment options.

关键词： gene The Genetic Deafness in Chinese Population GJB

Super-resolution immunohistochemistry study on CD4 and CD8 cells and the relation to macrophages in human cochlea

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Journal of Otology 2019年第1期14卷 1-5页

作者： Wei Liu Helge Rask-Andersen department of Surgical Sciences Section of OtolaryngologyUppsala University Hospital

Recently, the human cochlea has been shown to contain numerous resident macrophages under steady-state. The macrophages accumulate in the stria vascularis, among the auditory nerves, and are also spotted in the human organ of Corti. These macrophages may process antigens reaching the cochlea by invasion of pathogens and insertion of CI electrode. Thus, macrophages execute an innate, and possibly an adaptive immunity. Here, we describe the molecular markers CD4 and CD8 of T cells, macrophage markers MHCⅡ and CD11b, as well as the microglial markers TEME119 and P2Y12, in the human cochlea. Immunohistochemistry and the advantageous super-resolution structured illumination microscopy(SR-SIM) were used in the study. CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells were found in the human cochleae. They were seen in the modiolus in a substantial number adjacent to the vessels, in the peripheral region of the Rosenthal's canal, and occasionally in the spiral ligament. While there are a surprisingly large number of macrophages in the stria vascularis as well as between the auditory neurons,CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells are hardly seen in these areas, and neither are seen in the organ of Corti. In the modiolus,macrophages, CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells appeared often in clusters. Interaction between these different cells was easily observed with SR-SIM, showing closely placed cell bodies, and the processes from macrophages reaching out and touching the lymphocytes. Otherwise the CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells in human cochlear tissue are discretely scattered. The possible roles of these immune cells are speculated.

关键词： Macrophage Human cochlea CD4 CD8 Lymphocyte T cell

Stereo morphology of temporal bone and ear

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第5期117卷 733-737页

作者：戴朴刘阳姜泗长方耀云王今杨伟炎 department of otolaryngology

Background The temporal bone has the most complicated anatomic feature among the whole human body, which always challenges otolaryngologists. This study was to study three-dimensional (3D) morphology of the temporal bone and the ear by means of a computer image processing technique, for the purpose of providing a 3D image to help in pathological, diagnostic and surgical procedures Methods Forty sets of temporal bone celloidin serial sections with reference points were prepared and the contours of selected structures and reference points were entered into a graphics programme The technique of computer-aided 3D reconstruction was applied to obtain 3D images and parameters of the temporal bones and the ears Stereo views of the ossicles (n=5), the facial nerves (n=11), the posterior tympanic sinuses (n=11), the posterior ampullary nerves (n=4), the endolymphatic ducts and sacs (n=5), and the bony and membranous labyrinth (n=1) were reconstructed Results Three-dimensional images, including the cochlea, the ossicles, the nerves, the tendons and the endolymphatic fluid system in the temporal bone, were obtained Stereo picture pairs and 3D parameters of spatial dimensions, angle and volume for these reconstructed structures were calculated The arrangement of the ossicles, spatial relationship of the bony and membranous labyrinth, the whole course of the facial nerves, the endolymphatic sac and posterior tympanic cavity were clearly observable Stereo picture pairs made the spatial relationships among the above-mentioned structures much clearer The operation of the posterior ampullary nerve transection was designed and simulated on the graphic computer based on 3D anatomic investigations Conclusion The technique of computer-aided 3D reconstruction provides a new tool to observe the morphology of the temporal bone and thus may allow design and study of new surgical approaches

关键词： temporal bone · ear · stereoscopic vision · three-dimensional morphology

Secondary silent sinus syndrome:case report

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第5期117卷 785-786页

作者：王绪锐赵小冬 department of otolaryngology

Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) is characterized by spontaneous and progressive unilateral enophthalmos with no other symptoms. Maxillary sinus atelectasis displayed on CT will be helpful for clinical diagnosis. The operation for better maxillary sinus ventilation shows good therapeutic effects and prognosis. In 1964, Montgometry1 described the first case of patient whose enophthalmos was caused by mucocele of the maxillary sinus. Since then, all otolaryngologists have taken more and more attention to this syndrome. And by June 2000, a total of 45 cases had been reported worldwide.

关键词： maxillary sinus enophthalmos

Subperiosteal orbital hematoma concomitant with abscess in a patient with sinusitis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第28期10卷 10326-10331页

作者： Xi-Hao Hu Chi Zhang Yu-Ke Dong Tie-Chuan Cong department of otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China department of otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Zhengzhou Central HospitalZhengzhou 450007Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Sinusitis-derived subperiosteal orbital collection is uncommon and is usually diagnosed as subperiosteal orbital abscess or,rarely,as *** report a unique and even rarer case of subperiosteal orbital collection,which is actually a complication of hematoma and *** SUMMARY A 26-year-old female presented with left eyeball pain and ipsilateral *** had no history of head trauma or upper respiratory *** blood cell count showed an increase in *** rhinolaryngoscopy revealed only mucosal edema of the left olfactory crest without apparent *** computed tomography scan results showed an opaque left posterior ethmoid cell with a thickened bony shell and fusiform changes in the periosteal elevation of the medial wall of the left *** surgery revealed an ethmoid mucocele complicated with subperiosteal orbital hematoma and *** pathology of the lamina papyracea between the mucocele and subperiosteal collection was necrotic,and the overlying mucosa was *** Subperiosteal orbital hematoma with abscess in a patient with sinusitis adds to the current knowledge of orbital complications of sinusitis.

关键词： Subperiosteal orbital hematoma Abscess Sinusitis Mucocele Surgery Case report

COCHLEAR IMPLANT AS AN INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH AUDITORY NEUROPATHY

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Journal of Otology 2013年第2期8卷 77-81页

作者： JI Fei LI Jianan YANG Shiming department of otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology

Auditory neuropathy(AN)is a hearing disorder char acterized by absence of auditory brainstem responses de spite preservation of outer hair cell function,and has at tracted attentions from researchers and audiologists since reported by Starr et al[1].Clinical manifestations in AN patients include abnormal auditory brainstem responses normal otoacoustic emissions,lack of acoustic reflexes large cochlear microphonics,speech perception deteriora

关键词： CI COCHLEAR IMPLANT AS AN INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH AUDITORY NEUROPATHY than

Clinical application of electrically evoked compound action potentials

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Journal of Otology 2014年第3期9卷 117-121页

作者： Fei Ji Ke Liu Shi-ming Yang department of otolaryngology Head & Neck SurgeryChinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology

ECAPs are the summary of multiple neurons’ spikes which could be recorded by a bidirectional stimulation-recording system via the cochlear implant,with the artifact elimination paradigms of forward-masking subtraction paradigm or alternating polarity *** kinds of FDA approved cochlear implants support ECAP *** article is to summarize the clinical application of ECAP *** test after insertion of electrode during implant operation has been widely used during cochlear implant *** recent *** thresholds are also used to estimate the T levels and C levels helping ***,correlation between ECAP thresholds and psychophysical thresholds is affected by many *** far,ECAPs cannot yet be a good indicator of post-operative hearing and speech performance.

关键词： Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potentials Cochlear implant Electrophysiology Hearing Intra-operative monitoring

Ototoxic effects and mechanisms of loop diuretics

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Journal of Otology 2016年第4期11卷 -页

作者： Dalian Ding Hong Liu Weidong Qi Haiyan Jiang Yongqi Li Xuewen Wu Hong Sun Kenneth Gross Richard Salvi Center for Hearing and Deafness 137 Cary HallUniversity at Buffalo department of otolaryngology Xiangya Hospital of Central South University department of otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University department of otolaryngology Huashan Hospital Fudan University department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Roswell Park Cancer Institute

Over the past two decades considerable progress has been made in understanding the ototoxic effects and mechanisms underlying loop diuretics. As typical representative of loop diuretics ethacrynic acid or furosemide only induces temporary hearing loss, but rarely permanent deafness unless applied in severe acute or chronic renal failure or with other ototoxic drugs. Loop diuretic induce unique pathological changes in the cochlea such as formation of edematous spaces in the epithelium of the stria vascularis, which leads to rapid decrease of the endolymphatic potential and eventual loss of the cochlear microphonic potential, summating potential, and compound action potential. Loop diuretics interfere with strial adenylate cyclase and Nat/Kt-ATPase and inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in the stria vascularis, however recent reports indicate that one of the earliest effects in vivo is to abolish blood flow in the vessels supplying the lateral wall. Since ethacrynic acid does not damage the stria vascularis in vitro, the changes in Nat/Kt-ATPase and Na-K-2Cl seen in vivo may be secondary effects results from strial ischemia and anoxia. Recent observations showing that renin is present in pericytes surrounding stria arterioles suggest that diuretics may induce local vasoconstriction by renin secretion and angiotensin formation. The tight junctions in the blood-cochlea barrier prevent toxic molecules and pathogens from entering cochlea, but when diuretics induce a transient ischemia, the barrier is temporarily disrupted allowing the entry of toxic chemicals or pathogens.

关键词： Diuretics Stria vascularis Ischemia Pericytes Renin