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New observations-with older ones reviewed-on mass migrations in millipedes based on a recent outbreak on Hachijojima(Izu Islands) of the polydesmid diplopod(Chamberlinius hualienensis,Wang 1956):Nothing appears to make much sense

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Zoological Research 2015年第3期36卷 119-132页

作者： Victor Benno MEYER-ROCHOW Research Institute of Luminous organisms department of Biology (El?inmuseo) University of Oulu

Mass aggregations and migrations of millipedes despite numerous attempts to find causes for their occurrences are still an enigma. They have been reported from both southern and northern hemisphere countries, from highlands and lowlands of both tropical and temperate regions and they can involve species belonging to the orders Julida and Spirobolida, Polydesmida and Glomerida. According to the main suggestions put forward in the past, mass occurrences in Diplopoda occur：（1） because of a lack of food and a population increase beyond sustainable levels;（2） for the purpose of reproduction and in order to locate suitable oviposition sites;（3） to find overwintering or aestivation sites;（4） because of habitat disruption and changes in the local environment;（5） as a consequence of weather conditions the year（or winter and spring） before. A recent outbreak（November 2014） of a mass migration of the polydesmid Chamberlinius hualienensis Wang 1956 on the Japanese Izu Island of Hachijojima 300 km to the south of Tokyo gave this author an opportunity to review the existing literature on millipede mass migrations and to carry out additional observations on the phenomenon in the field as well as the laboratory. Hitherto unreported heavy infestations with phoretic deutonymphs of the mite Histiostoma sp. as well as dense populations of internal rhabditid nematodes（Oscheius cf. necromena and an unidentified species of the genus Fictor）, suggest that infestations of this kind could be necromenic and either have been a contributing factor for the mass migration or been a consequence of so manyindividuals occurring together at close proximity. It is concluded that mass migrations and aggregations in millipedes do not have one common cause, but represent phenomena that often are seasonally recurring events and appear identical in their outcome, but which have evolved as responses to different causes in different millipede taxa and therefore need to be examined on a case-to-case basis.

关键词： Myriapoda Spawning migration Aggregation behaviour Diplopod commensals and parasites

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Inhibition of HBV targeted ribonuclease enhanced by introduction of linker

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第7期9卷 1504-1507页

作者： Wei-Dong Gong Jun Liu Jin Ding Ya Zhao Ying-Hui Li Cai-Fang Xue department of Pathogenic organisms,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710033,Shaanxi Province,China department of Pathogenic organisms Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710033 Shaanxi Province China.

AIM: To construct human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (hEDN) and HBV core protein (HBVc) eukaryotic fusion expression vector with a linker (Gly4 Ser)3 between them to optimize the molecule folding, which will be used to inhibit HBV replication in ***: Previously constructed pcDNA3. 1(-)/TR was used as a template. Linker sequence was synthesized and annealed to form dslinker, and cloned into pcDNA3.1(-)/TR to produce plasmid pcDNA3.1(-)/HBc-linker. Then the hEDN fragment was PCR amplified and inserted into pcDNA3.1(-)/HBc-linker to form pcDNA3.1(-)/TNL in which the effector molecule and the target molecule were separated by a linker sequence. pcDNA3.1(-)/TNL expression was identified by indirect immunofluorescence staining. Radioimmunoassay was used to analyse anti-HBV activity of pcDNA3.1(-)/***, metabolism of cells was evaluated by NTT ***: hEDN and HBVc eukaryotic fusion expression vector with a linker (Gly4Ser)3 between them was successfully constructed. pcDNA3.1(-)/TNL was expressed in HepG2.2.15 cells efficiently. A significant decrease of HBsAg concentration from pcDNA3.1(-)/TNL transfectant was observed compared to pcDNA3. 1(-)/TR (P=0.036, P＜0.05).MTT assay suggested that there were no significant differences between groups (P=0.08, P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: Linker introduction enhances the inhibitory effect of HBV targeted ribonuclease significantly.

关键词：乙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸酶噬酸性细胞神经毒素

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Proteomic dynamics revealed sex-biased responses to combined heat-drought stress in Marchantia

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第10期66卷 2226-2241页

作者： Sara Guerrero Víctor Roces Lara García-Campa Luis Valledor Mónica Meijón department of organisms and Systems BiologyFaculty of Biology/BiotechnologyInstitute of AsturiasUniversity of OviedoOviedoAsturias 33071Spain

Recent studies have documented plant responses to climate change extensively, particularly to single-stress exposures. However, critical factors for stress survival, such as sexual differentiation,are not often considered. The dioicous Marchantia polymorpha stands as an evolutionary milestone,potentially preserving ancestral traits from the early colonizers. In this study, we employed proteomic analyses complemented with physiological monitoring to investigate combined heat and drought responses in Tak-1(male) and Tak-2(female)accessions of this liverwort. Additionally, targeted transcriptomics was conducted using different natural populations from contrasting *** findings revealed sex-biased dynamics among natural accessions, particularly evident under control conditions and during early stress responses. Although Tak-2 exhibited greater diversity than Tak-1 under control conditions, male accession demonstrated distinct and more rapid stress sensing and signaling. These differences in stress response appeared to be strongly related to sex-specific plasticity influenced by geoclimatic origin. Furthermore, we established distinct protein gene ages and genomic distribution trends, underscoring the importance of protein diversification over time. This study provides an evolutionary perspective on sexual divergence and stress emergence employing a systems biology approach, which allowed for the establishment of global and sex-specific interaction networks in the stress response.

关键词： abiotic stress land adaptation liverwort sex-biased response systems biology

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The movement dynamics of autotomized lizards and their tails reveal functional costs of caudal autotomy

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 511-521页

作者： Irene FERNÁNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ Florentino BRAÑA department of organisms and Systems Biology(Zoology) University of OviedoOviedoSpain Research Unit of Biodiversity(UMIB UO/CSIC/PA)University of OviedoMieresSpain

Autotomy has evolved independently several times in different animal *** frequently involves immediate functional costs,so regeneration evolved in many instances to restore the functionality of that body *** autotomy is a widespread antipredator strategy in lizards,although it may affect energy storage,locomotion dynamics,or survival in future encounters with ***,we assessed the effect of tail loss on the locomotor performance of wall lizards(Podarcis muralis),as well as the recovery of locomotor functionality of lizards with regenerated tails,and the movement dynamics of shed tails that were either intact or having regenerated *** loss had no effect on locomotion over unhindered spaces,possibly due to compensation between a negative effect on the stride of front limbs,and a positive effect of losing mass and friction *** found a clear negative impact of tail loss on locomotion in spaces with interspersed obstacles,in which tailed lizards jumped larger distances when leaving the ***,lizards that used the tail to push off the ground were able to approach the obstacles from further,so that the tail seemed to be useful when used during *** fully restores lizard’s locomotor capacities,but tail antipredator value,as indicated by the intensity of post-autotomic movements,is only partially *** these results,we propose that,together with the recovery of post-autotomy antipredator capacities,the restoration of the organismal locomotor performance may have been an important,yet frequently neglected factor in the evolution of lizard’s regeneration ability.

关键词： autotomy locomotor performance regeneration tail wall lizard

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Transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN T.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

This paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. The influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. To depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).The effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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UV reflectance is associated with environmental conditions in Palaearctic Pieris napi （Lepidoptera： Pieridae）

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 508-518页

作者： David Stella Pavel Pechack Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow Karel Kleisner Faculty of Science Department of Philosophy and History of Science Charles University Prague Czech Republic department of Biology Research Institute of Luminescent Organisms Tokyo Japan department of Genetics and Physiology Oulu University Oulu Finland

The subject of our investigation was the visual features of wing color with special focus on the UV reflectance in the green-veined white butterfly （Pieris napi）. Previous studies had concluded that UV reflectance on dorsal wing surfaces is found only in the female P napi. Based on UV sensitive photography, we analyzed a correlation between 12 geographic and environmental factors and UV reflectance patterns on 3 patches on the forewings of 407 P. napi specimens from the Palaearctic region. Results had shown that females significantly differ from males： they exhibit a 25% higher UV reflectance. To investigate whether and how UV reflectance levels on the forewings and hindwings of both sexes are influenced by the environment, we performed a principal component analysis （PCA） with several environmental variables. For several variables （in particular, latitude and longitude, mean annual temperature and precipitation, and temperature annual range and altitude）, the generalized linear model （GLM） model revealed a significant correlation in both sexes. This suggests a link between UV reflectance levels and the environment and distribution of P. napi. We found that stronger UV reflectance is associated with generally more hostile environments and concluded that large-scale environmental factors influence the UV reflectance on the forewings of both male and female green-veined white butterflies.

关键词： geographical variation green-veined white Palaearctic UV photography UV reflectance

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Woody Species Diversity and Forest Structure from Lowland to Montane Forest in Hyrcanian Forest Ecoregion

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第4期10卷 609-620页

作者： Seyed Mohammad JAFARI Shahin ZARRE Seyed Kazem ALAVIPANAH School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living organisms College of Science University of TehranP.O. Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living organisms College of Science University of TehranTehran Iran department of Cartography Faculty of Geography University of TehranTehran Iran

Alborz Mountains host Caspian Hyrcanian forest ecoregion along the northern slopes and forest steppe ecoregion in highlands. Hyrcanian forest covers the southeastern part of Caucasus biodiversity hotspot and is of great biogeographic importance. Altitudinal pattern and correlation between woody species biodiversity （DIV）, forest structure （（stem density （DEN）, mean basal area （MBA） and mean height class （MHC）） and disturbance （DIS） were explored along 2,4oo m altitudinal gradient in Hyrcanian relict forest, Central Alborz Mountains. Vegetation changes from lowland forest （LoF） to mid- altitude forest （MiF） and montane forest （MoF） in this area. The altitudinal gradient was divided into twelve 200 m elevational belts. Point centered quarter method （PCQM） with 96 sampling points and 83 vegetation samples by plot method （PM） were used to record field data. Shannon-Wiener index and Pearson coefficient were used for diversity and correlation analysis. The results showed that DEN decreased linearly, MBA and MHC showed relatively hump shaped and DIS showed a reverse hump shaped pattern of change along altitudinal gradient. Woody species diversity decreased non-steadily from LoF to MoF. Transitional vegetations of Carpinus-Fagus and Fagus-Quercus represented higher diversity of woody taxa compared to adjacent homogenous communities. Significant correlation was observed between altitude and all parameters： DEN with MBA, DIS and DIV; MBA with DIS; MHC with DIS along with DIV; and DIS with DIV at the study area scale. Surprisingly,correlation between studied parameters differed within each vegetation type. Altitude probably acts as a proxy for human and environmental driving forces in this area. Stability of warm and wet condition, season length, soil depth along with forest accessibility probably influences the altitudinal pattern of the studied parameters. Disturbance affects forest structure and consequently diversity; especially in lowlands. The obtained results recommend

关键词： Alborz Mountains Biodiversity ForestMensuration Hyrcanian forest Disturbance

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Wing buzzing as a mechanism for generating vibrational signals in psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

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Insect Science 2024年第5期31卷 1466-1476页

作者： Jernej Polajnar Elizaveta Kvinikadze Adam W.Harley Igor Malenovsky department of organisms and Ecosystems Research National Institute of BiologyLjubljanaSlovenia department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic Computer Science department Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

Psyllids,or jumping plant lice(Hemiptera:Sternorrhyncha:Psylloidea),are a group of small phytophagous insects that include some important pests of crops *** communication of psyllids occurs via vibrations transmitted through host plants,which play an important role in mate recognition and *** signals are species-specific and can be used to aid in psyllid taxonomy and pest ***-eral hypotheses have been proposed for the mechanism that generates these vibrations,of which stridulation,that is,friction between parts of the forewing and thorax,has re-ceived the most *** have investigated vibrational communication in the Euro-pean pear psyllid species Cacopsylla pyrisuga(Foerster,1848)using laser vibrometry and high-speed video recording,to directly observe the movements associated with signal *** describe for the first time the basic characteristics of the signals and signal emission of this *** on observations and analysis of the video recordings us-ing a point-tracking algorithm,and their comparison with laser vibrometer recordings,we argue that males of *** produce the vibrations primarily by wing buzzing,that is,tremulation that does not involve friction between the wings and *** observed signal properties with previously published data,we predict that wing buzzing is the main mechanism of signal production in all vibrating psyllids.

关键词： Cacopsylla pyrisuga high-speed video recording jumping plant lice sexual communication substrate-borne vibrational signals vibrational communication

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Female competition for availability of males in insects:the Nezara viridula(Linnaeus,1758)model

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 801-814页

作者： Andrej Cokl Alenka Zunic Kosi Raul Alberto Laumann Meta Virant-Doberlet department of organisms and Ecosystems Research National Institute of BiologyLjubljanaSI-1000Slovenia Semiochemicals Laboratory Embrapa Genetic Resources and BiotechnologyBrasiliaDF 71070Brazil

Multimodal communication in solitary stinkbugs enables them to meet,mate and *** plant-dwelling species exchange information during the calling phase of mating behavior using substrate-borne vibratory signals.A female-biased gender ratio induces rivalry and competition for a sexual *** competition for males,first described among Heteroptera in three stinkbug species,revealed species specific differences and opened the question of plasticity in individually emitted temporal and frequency signal characteristics during calling and rival *** address this question and gain an insight into the mechanisms underlying stinkbug female rivalry,we compared the characteristics of alternated signals in the southern green stinkbug Nezara viridula(Linnaeus,1758)(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae).Compared to male rivalry,female rivalry is more complex,lasts longer and runs through successive phases by a combination of different song *** male pheromone triggers alternation between females,producing song pulses that occasionally overlap each *** female initiates the rivalry by changing individual pulses into pulse trains of three different *** competing female alternates with pulses of changed temporal characteristics at lower levels of rivalry and by varying the frequency characteristics of pulse trains at higher *** female rivalry,the male either stops responding or occasionally emits calling and courtship signals in response to the female that has produced signals of steady temporal *** rivalry shows complex and species specific patterns of information exchange at different levels with a broad-range variation of temporal and frequency characteristics of,until now,unidentified vibratory emissions.

关键词： biotremology female social conflict Nezara viridula rivalry signal discrimination

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Dysregulation of RNA modification systems in clinical populations with neurocognitive disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1256-1261页

作者： Helen M.Knight Merve DemirbugenÖz Adriana PerezGrovas-Saltijeral Division of Cells Organisms and Molecular GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey

The study of modified RNA known as epitranscriptomics has become increasingly relevant in our understanding of disease-modifying *** of N6 adenosine(m^(6)A)and C5 cytosine(m^(5)C)bases occur on mRNAs,tRNA,mt-tRNA,and rRNA species as well as non-coding *** emerging knowledge of RNA binding proteins that act as writer,reader,and eraser effector proteins,comes a new understanding of physiological processes controlled by these *** processes when spatiotemporally disrupted within cellular nanodomains in highly specialized tissues such as the brain,give rise to different forms of *** this review,we discuss accumulating evidence that changes in the m^(6)A and m^(5)C methylation systems contribute to neurocognitive *** studies first identified mutations within FMR1 to cause intellectual disability Fragile X syndromes several years before FMR1 was identified as an m^(6)A RNA reader ***,familial mutations within the m^(6)A writer gene METTL5,m^(5)C writer genes NSUN2,NSUN3,NSUN5,and NSUN6,as well as THOC2 and THOC6 that form a protein complex with the m^(5)C reader protein ALYREF,were recognized to cause intellectual development ***,differences in expression of the m^(5)C writer and reader effector proteins,NSUN6,NSUN7,and ALYREF in brain tissue are indicated in individuals with Alzheimer's disease,individuals with a high neuropathological load or have suffered traumatic brain ***,an abundance of m^(6)A reader and anti-reader proteins are reported to change across brain regions in Lewy bodies diseases,Alzheimer's disease,and individuals with high cognitive reserve.m^(6)A-modified RNAs are also reported significantly more abundant in dementia with Lewy bodies brain tissue but significantly reduced in Parkinson's disease tissue,whilst modified RNAs are misplaced within diseased cells,particularly where synapses are *** parahippocampal brain tissue,m^(6)A modification is enri

关键词： 5-methylcytosine methylation Alzheimer's disease cognitive diseases epitranscriptomics intellectual disability Lewy body diseases N6 adenosine RNA modification

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