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Comparison of photosynthetic pigments and phytoplankton assemblages in two types of coastal regions in Southeast Asia-Indonesian Throughflow and river estuary

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第12期37卷 18-27页

作者： WANG Lei HUANG Hao AN Lina THOHA Hikmah BONG Chuiwei XIAO Wupeng GU Haifeng Third Institute of oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Research Center for oceanography Indonesian Institute of Sciences Institute of Ocean and Earth sciences (IOES) University of Malaya Institute of Biological sciences University of Malaya Key Laboratory of coastal and Wetland Ecosystems of Ministry of Education College of Ocean and Earth ScienceXiamen University

Water samples were collected in order to study the spatial variation of photosynthetic pigments and phytoplankton community composition in the Lembeh Strait(Indonesia) and the Kelantan River Estuary(Malaysia)during July and August 2016, respectively. Phytoplankton photosynthetic pigments were detected using high performance liquid chromatography combining with the CHEMTAX software to confirm the Chl a biomass and community composition. The Chl a concentration was low at surface in the Lembeh Strait, which it was 0.580–0.682 μg/L, with the average(0.620±0.039) μg/L. Nevertheless, the Chl a concentration fluctuated violently at surface in the Kelantan River Estuary, in which the biomass was 0.299–3.988 μg/L, with the average(0.922±0.992) μg/L. The biomass at bottom water was higher than at surface in the Kelantan River Estuary, in which the Chl a concentration was 0.704–2.352 μg/L, with the average(1.493±0.571) μg/L. Chl b, zeaxanthin and fucoxanthin were three most abundant pigments in the Lembeh Strait. As a consequence, phytoplankton community composition was different in the two study areas. In the Lembeh Strait, prasinophytes(26.48%±0.83%) and Synechococcus(25.73%±4.13%) occupied ～50% of the Chl a biomass, followed by diatoms(20.49%±2.34%) and haptophytes T8(15.13%±2.42%). At surface water in the Kelantan River Estuary, diatoms(58.53%±18.44%)dominated more than half of the phytoplankton biomass, followed by Synechococcus(27.27%±14.84%) and prasinophytes(7.00%±4.39%). It showed the similar status at the bottom water in the Kelantan River Estuary,where diatoms, Synechococcus and prasinophytes contributed 64.89%±15.29%, 16.23%±9.98% and 8.91%±2.62%,respectively. The different phytoplankton community composition between the two regions implied that the bottom up control affected the phytoplankton biomass in the Lembeh Strait where the oligotrophic water derived from the West Pacific Ocean. The terrigenous nutrients supplied the diatoms growing, and pico-phytoplankton

关键词： phytoplankton pigment Lembeh Strait Kelantan River Estuary

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Individual consistency in spatiotemporal characteristics of migratory Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

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Avian Research 2024年第3期 308-315页

作者： Siwei An Fenliang Kuang Wei Wu Chris J.Hassell Jonathan T.Coleman Zijing Gao Xuena Sun Yue Yuan Grace Maglio Kar-Sin K.Leung Xuesong Feng Zhijun Ma Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary Institute of Biodiversity Science School of Life Sciences Fudan University School of Chemistry and Environment Yunnan Minzu University Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve Administration Center Global Flyway Network Australasian Wader Studies Group Queensland Wader Study Group Hong Kong Waterbirds Ringing Group

Many migratory birds exhibit interannual consistency in migration schedules, routes and stopover sites. Detecting the interannual consistency in spatiotemporal characteristics helps understand the maintenance of migration and enables the implementation of targeted conservation measures. We tracked the migration of Whimbrel(Numenius phaeopus) in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway and collected spatiotemporal data from individuals that were tracked for at least two years. Wilcoxon non-parametric tests were used to compare the interannual variations in the dates of departure from and arrival at breeding/nonbreeding sites, and the interannual variation in the longitudes when the same individual across the same latitudes. Whimbrels exhibited a high degree of consistency in the use of breeding, nonbreeding, and stopover sites between years. The variation of arrival dates at nonbreeding sites was significantly larger than that of the departure dates from nonbreeding and breeding sites. Repeatedly used stopover sites by the same individuals in multiple years were concentrated in the Yellow Sea coast during northward migration, but were more widespread during southward migration. The stopover duration at repeatedly used sites was significantly longer than that at sites used only once. When flying across the Yellow Sea, Whimbrels breeding in Sakha(Yakutia) exhibited the highest consistency in migration routes in both autumn and spring. Moreover, the consistency in migration routes of Yakutia breeding birds was generally higher than that of birds breeding in Chukotka. Our results suggest that the northward migration schedule of the Whimbrels is mainly controlled by endogenous factors, while the southward migration schedule is less affected by endogenous factors. The repeated use of stopover sites in the Yellow Sea coast suggests this region is important for the migration of Whimbrel, and thus has high conservation value.

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Comparison between characteristics of mild slope equations and Boussinesq equations

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第4期24卷 131-137页

作者： LI Ruijie ZHANG Suxiang ZHANG Yang Research Institute of Physical oceanography Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China department of Civil and coastal Engineering University of Florida FL 32611-6590 USA

Boussinesq-type equations and mild-slope equations are compared in terms of their basic forms and characteristics. It is concluded that linear mild-slope equations on dispersion relation are better than non-linear Boussinesq equations. In addition, Berkhoffexperiments are computed and compared by the two models, and agreement between model results and available experimental data is found to be quite reasonable, which demonstrates the two models＇ capacity to simulate wave transformation. However they can deal with different physical processes respectively, and they have their own characteristics.

关键词： Boussinesq equations mild-slope equations wave transformation dispersion relation nonlinearity

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Characteristics of the Bohai Sea oil spill and its impact on the Bohai Sea ecosystem

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第19期58卷 2276-2281页

作者： GUO Jie LIU Xin XIE Qiang Key Laboratory of coastal Zone Environmental Processes Chinese Academy of Sciences Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of coastal Zone Environmental Processes Yantai Institute of coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Tropical oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Sanya Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper, ENVISAT ASAR data and the Estuary, coastal and Ocean Model was used to analyze and compare characteristics of the Bohai Sea oil spill. The oil slicks have spread from the point of the oil spill to the east and north-western Bohai Sea. We make a comparison between the changes caused by the oil spill on the chlorophyll concentration and the sea surface temperature using MODIS data, which can be used to analyze the effect of the oil spill on the Bohai Sea ecosystem. We found that the Bohai Sea oil spill caused abnormal chlorophyll concentration distributions and red tide nearby area of oil spill.

关键词：漏油事件生态系统渤海 ENVISAT MODIS数据叶绿素浓度海洋表面温度 SAR数据

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Nucleation of Supercooled Water by Neutrons: Latitude Dependence and Implications for Cloud Modelling

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Atmospheric and Climate sciences 2024年第2期14卷 221-232页

作者： Peter W. Wilson Elizabeth Wilson-Park Abraham G. Wilson department of Physics The University at Albany SUNY Albany USA Scripps Institution of oceanography University of California San Diego USA Philanthropy Australia Sydney Australia The King’ s Institute The King&#8217s School Parramatta Australia

It has recently been shown that incident particles, neutrons, can initiate the freezing in a supercooled water volume. This new finding may have ramifications for the interpretation of both experimental data on the nucleation of laboratory samples of supercooled water and perhaps more importantly on the interpretation of ice nucleation involved in cloud physics. For example, if some fraction of the cloud nucleation previously attributed to dust, soot, or aerosols has been caused by cosmogenic neutrons, fresh consideration is required in the context of climate models. Moreover, as cosmogenic neutrons, most being muon-induced, have much greater flux at high latitudes, estimates of ice nucleates in these regions may be larger than required to accurately model cloud and condensation properties. This discrepancy has been pointed out in IPCC reports. Our paper discusses the connection between the new concept of neutrons nucleating supercooled water and the need for a new source of nucleation in high latitude clouds, ideally causing others to review current data, or to analyse future data with this idea in mind. .

关键词： Climate Models Ice Nucleation Neutrons Supercooling

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Individual consistency in spatiotemporal characteristics of migratory Whimbrels in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 308-315页

作者： Siwei An Fenliang Kuang Wei Wu Chris J.Hassell Jonathan T.Coleman Zijing Gao Xuena Sun Yue Yuan Grace Maglio Kar-Sin K.Leung Xuesong Feng Zhijun Ma Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River EstuaryInstitute of Biodiversity ScienceSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200433China School of Chemistry and Environment Yunnan Minzu UniversityKunming650504China Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve Administration Center ChongmingShanghai202183China Global Flyway Network PO Box 3089BroomeWA 6725Australia Australasian Wader Studies Group BroomeWA6725Australia Queensland Wader Study Group Shailer ParkQLD4128Australia Hong Kong Waterbirds Ringing Group Hong Kong999077China

Many migratory birds exhibit interannual consistency in migration schedules,routes and stopover *** the interannual consistency in spatiotemporal characteristics helps understand the maintenance of migration and enables the implementation of targeted conservation *** tracked the migration of Whimbrel(Numenius phaeopus)in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway and collected spatiotemporal data from individuals that were tracked for at least two *** non-parametric tests were used to compare the interannual variations in the dates of departure from and arrival at breeding/nonbreeding sites,and the inter-annual variation in the longitudes when the same individual across the same *** exhibited a high degree of consistency in the use of breeding,nonbreeding,and stopover sites between *** variation of arrival dates at nonbreeding sites was significantly larger than that of the departure dates from nonbreeding and breeding *** used stopover sites by the same individuals in multiple years were concentrated in the Yellow Sea coast during northward migration,but were more widespread during southward *** stopover duration at repeatedly used sites was significantly longer than that at sites used only *** flying across the Yellow Sea,Whimbrels breeding in Sakha(Yakutia)exhibited the highest consistency in migration routes in both autumn and ***,the consistency in migration routes of Yakutia breeding birds was generally higher than that of birds breeding in *** results suggest that the northward migration schedule of the Whimbrels is mainly controlled by endogenous factors,while the southward migration schedule is less affected by endogenous *** repeated use of stopover sites in the Yellow Sea coast suggests this region is important for the migration of Whimbrel,and thus has high conservation value.

关键词： Consistency Migration route Migration timing Shorebird

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New Record Ocean Temperatures and Related Climate Indicators in 2023

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1068-1082页

作者： Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Kevin E.TRENBERTH Tim BOYER Michael EMANN Jiang ZHU Fan WANG Fujiang YU Ricardo LOCARNINI John FASULLO Fei ZHENG Yuanlong LI Bin ZHANG Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Dakui WANG Licheng FENG Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Franco RESEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Viktor GOURETSKI Gengxin CHEN Alexey MISHONOV Jim REAGAN Karina VON SCHUCKMANN Yuying PAN Zhetao TAN Yujing ZHU Wangxu WEI Guancheng LI Qiuping REN Lijuan CAO Yayang LU International Center for Climate and Environment sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of St.Thomas School of EngineeringMinnesota 55105USA NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307USA University of Auckland Auckland 1010New Zealand National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental InformationSilver SpringMaryland 20910USA department of Earth and Environmental Science University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China Oceanographic Data Center Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China National Marine Data and Information Service Tianjin 300171China Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentS.Teresa Research CenterLerici 19032Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sede di BolognaBologna 40128Italy South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China ESSIC/CISESS-MD University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20740USA Mercator Ocean International Toulouse 31400France Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment AdministrationMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentPRCGuangzhou 510611China National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China

The global physical and biogeochemical environment has been substantially altered in response to increased atmospheric greenhouse gases from human *** 2023,the sea surface temperature(SST)and upper 2000 m ocean heat content(OHC)reached record *** 0–2000 m OHC in 2023 exceeded that of 2022 by 15±10 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules=1021 Joules)(updated IAP/CAS data);9±5 ZJ(NCEI/NOAA data).The Tropical Atlantic Ocean,the Mediterranean Sea,and southern oceans recorded their highest OHC observed since the *** with the onset of a strong El Niño,the global SST reached its record high in 2023 with an annual mean of~0.23℃ higher than 2022 and an astounding>0.3℃ above 2022 values for the second half of *** density stratification and spatial temperature inhomogeneity indexes reached their highest values in 2023.

关键词： ocean heat content salinity stratification global warming climate

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Distribution Patterns of Major and Trace Elements and Provenance of Surface Sediments on the Continental Shelf off Western Guangdong Province and Northeastern Hainan Island

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第4期18卷 849-858页

作者： GE Qian XUE Z. George YE Liming XU Dong YAO Zhigang CHU Fengyou Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Second Institute of oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Hangzhou 310012 China department of oceanography and coastal sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA coastal Studies Institute Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Key Laboratory of Physical oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

A coupled approach based on grain size and geochemical elements is used to trace the provenance of surface sediments and to confirm the distribution patterns of grain size and elements on the continental shelf off western Guangdong Province and northeastern Hainan Island. The mean grain size ranges from 0.05 φ to 7.28 φ with a mean value of 5.60 φ. The average concentra- tions of major elements descend in the order of SiO2 > Al2O3 > CaO > Fe2O3 > K2O > MgO > Na2O > TiO2 > P2O5 > MnO, while those of trace elements exhibit a descending order of Sr > Rb > Zn > V > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd. On the basis of the distribution patterns of elements and results of statistical analysis, the study area is classified into three zones. Zone I locates on the continental shelf off western Guangdong Province, and the sediments are mainly from Pearl River, Taiwan Residents rivers, and small rivers nearby. Zone II locates in the eastern exit of Qiongzhou Strait and the coastal area off Leizhou Peninsula, and the sediments are mainly from the ero- sion products of Qiongzhou Strait and Hainan Island. Zone III locates off the eastern Hainan Island and the continental shelf deeper than 50 m isobaths, and the sediments are mainly from Hainan Island and coral reef. The influence from open water should also be considered. Results indicate that the grain size is the main controlling factor for major and trace element contents and that anthropo- genic impact and biological activity also play an important role in the distribution of these elements.

关键词： grain size geochemical elements western Guangdong Province northeastern Hainan Island controlling factor

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In vitro antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract against human pathogens

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 399-403页

作者： Ruban P Gajalakshmi K School of Marine sciences Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area StudiesAlagappa University department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology PSGR Krishnammal College for Women

Objective:To access the in vitro antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis(***-sinensis) flower extract against human ***:Antibacterial activity was evaluated by using disc and agar diffusion *** protein was run through poly acrylmide gel electrophoresis to view their protein ***:The results showed that the cold extraction illustrates a maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus suhtillis(***),Escherichia coli(***) viz.,(17.00±2.91),(14.50±1.71)*** by hot extraction *** ***(11.66 ±3.14),(10.60±3.09)*** methanol extraction showed a highest zone of inhibition recorded against ***,*** as(18.86±0.18),(18.00±1.63) mm pursued by ethanol extraction shower) utmost zone of inhibition recorded against Salmonella ***(20.40±1.54) *** crude protein from flower showed a maximum inhibitory zone observed against Salmonella sp.,*** viz.,(16.55±1.16),(14.30±2.86)*** flower material can be taken as an alternative source of antibacterial agent against the human ***:The extracts of the *** art;proved to have potential antibacterial activity,further studies arc highly need for the drug development.

关键词： in-vitro Antibacterial activity Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Protein Human pathogen

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Sea Cucumber Fishery in Aurora, Philippines

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第2期14卷 101-113页

作者： Maria Cristina B. Cañada Michelle A. Resueño Eusebio V. Angara department of Forestry and Environmental sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Aurora Philippines

This study was conducted to provide a preliminary assessment of the sea cucumber fishery in Aurora, Philippines. This was conducted from February to June 2013. All sea cucumber gatherers and traders, obtained through snowball sampling, in each identified sea cucumber fishery area in six coastal municipalities (Baler, Dipaculao, Dinalungan, Casiguran, Dilasag and Dingalan) were interviewed using a structured interview schedule and focused group discussions (FGD). Results revealed that gathering sea cucumbers were accomplished by handpicking, skin diving or compressor diving. A total of 15 commercial species were regularly gathered. Out of this, three species are of very high economic value (≥Php 4000/kg) (Holothuria nobilis, Holothuria scabra, and Actinopyga lecanora). The average number of kilograms harvested per hour per trip ranges from 0.21 (Holothuria fuscopunctata) to 2.71 (Holothuria scabra), while the average size of commonly gathered sea cucumber varies among species with Holothuria lecanora showed an average length (29.26 cm) greater than recorded 24 cm. Processing mainly involves washing, slicing, boiling, drying and packing. Processed sea cucumbers or trepan were sold to middlemen or direct buyers who usually offered higher prices (36.36% up to 69.20%) than the former. Problems encountered by sea cucumber gatherers and traders include a decline in total catch, a shift in area of collection from intertidal zones to deeper waters, an increase in the number of hours spent in finding and gathering sea cucumbers, the use of compressors in gathering, the decline of larger species and gathering of smaller sizes in huge amount, the absence of conservation program for sea cucumber, and the lenient implementation of government policies with regards to coastal resources management.

关键词： Assessment Sea Cucumber Trepang Fishery

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