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Associations between parental adherence to healthy lifestyles and cognitive performance in offspring:A prospective cohort study in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 683-693页

作者： Rongxia Lv Yuhui huang Siyi huang Shiyi Wu Siwen Wang Guangyu hu Yanan Ma Peige Song Jorge E.Chavarro S.V.Subramanian Chunling Lu Zhihui Li changzheng Yuan school of public health the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310058China department of nutrition Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Institute of Medical Information/Center for health Policy and Management Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110122China department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Division of Global health Equity Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA department of Global health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Vanke school of public health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of Global health and Population Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA

Background:Previous studies have reported associations of specific maternal and paternal lifestyle factors with offspring’s cognitive development during early childhood.this study aimed to investigate the prospective associations between overall parental lifestyle and offspring’s cognitive performance during adolescence and young adulthood in China.Methods:We included 2531 adolescents aged 10-15 years at baseline in 2010 from the China Family Panel Studies.A healthy parental lifestyle score(ranged 0-5)was constructed based on the following five modifiable lifestyle factors:Smoking,drinking,exercise,sleep,and diet.Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the association between baseline parental healthy lifestyle scores and offspring’s fluid and crystallized intelligence in subsequent years(2012,2014,2016,and 2018).Results:Offspring in the top tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores performed better in overall fluid intelligence(multivariable-adjusted β=0.53,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.29-0.77)and overall crystallized intelligence(multivariable-adjusted β=0.35,95%CI:0.16-0.54)than those in the bottom tertile of parental healthy lifestyle scores.the results were similar after further adjustment for the offspring’s healthy lifestyle scores and persisted across the subgroups of parental socioeconomic status.Additionally,maternal and paternal healthy lifestyle scores were independently associated with better offspring’s cognitive performance,with significant contribution observed for paternal never-smoking,weekly exercise,and diversified diet.When both parents and offspring adhered to a healthier lifestyle,we observed the highest level of the offspring’s overall crystallized intelligence.Conclusions:Our study indicates that parental adherence to a healthier lifestyle is associated with significantly better offspring’s cognitive performance during adolescence and early adulthood,regardless of socioeconomic status.these findings highlight the potential cognitive benefits of promoting healthy lif

关键词： Cohort study Parental healthy lifestyle Offspring Cognitive performance Intelligence Adolescence

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Coverage and determinants of infant postnatal care in Nigeria: A population-based cross-sectional study

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儿科学研究(英文) 2024年第1期8卷 27-36页

作者： Egbewale Bolaji Emmanuel Oyedeji Olusola Bump Jesse Sudfeld Christopher Robert department of Global health and Population Takemi Program in International Health Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA department of Community Medicine College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria department of Pediatrics and Child health College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

Importance: In 2019, Nigeria had the largest number of under-5 child deaths globally and many of these deaths occurred within the first week of life. the World health Organization recommends infant postnatal care (PNC) attendance to support newborn survival; however, utilization of PNC is known to be low in many contexts.Objective: this study examined coverage and individual-level determinants of infant PNC attendance in Nigeria.Methods: Nigeria Demographic health Survey (NDhS) 2018 data were used to evaluate infant PNC coverage and determinants. Infant PNC was defined as receipt of care within 2 days of birth. Children delivered up to 2 years before the 2018 NDhS were included. We examined predictors of infant PNC with modified Poisson regression models to estimate relative risks (RRs).Results: the national coverage of infant PNC was 37.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35.8%–38.7%). Significant heterogeneity in PNC attendance existed at state and regional levels. Facility delivery was strongly associated with the uptake of PNC (RR: 6.07; 95% CI: 5.60–6.58). Greater maternal education, maternal employment, urban residence, female head of household, and greater wealth were also associated with an increased likelihood of PNC visits.Interpretation: the uptake of infant PNC is low and interventions are urgently needed to promote equity in access and increase demand for PNC in Nigeria.

关键词： Infant postnatal care Epidemiology Coverage Determinants Nigeria

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Promoting healthy Longevity Should Start Young: A Life Course Journey

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第1期6卷 1-4页

作者： Cuilin Zhang Claire Guivarch Global Centre for Asian Women's health Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality(ACRLE) Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore department of nutrition Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBoston 02115USA

Introduction throughout a woman’s life,several unique health characteristics are related to an increased risk of later disease morbidity and/or premature mortality(Fig.1).For instance,these include early age at menarche1,2(ie,“short,irregular or long menstrual cycles”)3,4,a history of infertility5,pregnancy loss6,several major pregnancy complications(eg,preeclampsia,gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and preterm delivery)7–9,and menopause characteristics(eg,long menopause transition period,early age at menopause,and the presence of vasomotor symptoms).

关键词： Population health Longevity Women's health

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Cardiovascular risk burden,dementia risk and brain structural imaging markers:a study from UK Biobank

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 94-102页

作者： Yaying Cao Gaohong Zhu Chengwu Feng Jing Chen Wei Gan Yuan Ma Yonghua hu Klodian Dhana trudy Voortman Jie Shen ting Li Yan Zheng changzheng Yuan Geng Zong department of Food nutrition and health School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiangChina CAS Key Laboratory of nutrition Metabolism and Food SafetyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina department of Nuclear Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnanChina Neurology department Zhongshan Hospital Affliated with Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Medical Research Council Population health Research Unit University of OxfordOxfordUK department of Genetics Novo Nordisk Research Centre OxfordOxfordUK harvard University t.h.chan school of public health BostonMassachusettsUSA department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical CenterChicagolinoisUSA department of Epidemiology rasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands Division of human nutrition and health Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands school of public health the Second Afliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina First Afiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University KunmingYunnanChina State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School f ife SCciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of public health Safety School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina the Key Laboratory of Inteligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejang Province HangzhouZhejiangChina Shanghai Jiao tong University Affiliated Sixth People's hospital ShanghaiChina

Background Cardiovascular risk burden is associated with dementia risk and neurodegeneration-related brain structure,while the role of genetics and incident cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains unclear.Aims to examine the association of overall cardiovascular risk burden with the risk of major dementia subtypes and volumes of related brain regions in a large sample,and to explore the role of genetics and CVD onset.Methods A prospective study among 354 654 participants free of CVD and dementia(2006-2010,mean age 56.4 years)was conducted within the UK Biobank,with brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRl)measurement availablefor 15104participants since 2014.CVD risk burden was evaluated by the Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Score(FGCRS).Dementia diagnosis was ascertained from inpatient and death register data.Results Overamedian 12.0-yearfollow-up,3998 all-cause dementia cases were identified.higher FGCRS was associated with increasedall-cause dementia risk after adjusting for demographic,major lifestyle,clinical factors and the polygenic risk score(PRS)of Alzheimer's disease.Comparing the high versus low tertile of FGCRS,the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(Cls)were 1.26(1.12 to 1.41)for all-cause dementia,1.67(1.33 to 2.09)for Alzheimer's disease and 1.53(1.07 to 2.16)for vascular dementia(all p_(treng)t stroke and coronary heart disease accounted for 14%(95%Cl:9% to 21%)of the association between FGCRS and all-cause dementia.Interactions were not detected for FGCRS and PRS on the risk of any dementia subtype.We observed an 83%(95%Cl:47%to 128%)higher all-cause dementia risk comparing the high-high versus low-low FGCRS-PRS category.For brain volumes,higher FGCRS was associated with greater log-transformed white matter hyperintensities,smaller cortical volume and smaller grey matter volume.Conclusions Our findings suggest that the positive association of cardiovascular risk burden with dementia risk also applies to major dementia subtypes.the association of cardiovascular risk burden wit

关键词： Cardiovascular diagnosis burden

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Birth weight, ideal cardiovascular health metrics in adulthood, and incident cardiovascular disease

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第10期137卷 2024 Mar 13页

作者： Sun Ying Wang Bin Yu Yuefeng Wang Yuying tan Xiao Zhang Jihui Qi Lu Lu Yingli Wang Ningjian department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China school of public health Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China department of Epidemiology School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA USA department of nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA channing Division of Network Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA

Background: Prenatal and postnatal factors may have joint effects on cardiovascular health, and we aimed to assess the joint association of birth weight and ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVhMs) prospectively in adulthood with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods: In the UK Biobank, 227,833 participants with data on ICVhM components and birth weight and without CVD at baseline were included. the ICVhMs included smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet information, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1c. the Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (hRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in men and women.Results: Over a median follow-up period of 13.0 years (2,831,236 person-years), we documented 17,477 patients with incident CVD. Compared with participants with birth weights of 2.5-4.0 kg, the hRs (95% CIs) of CVD among those with low birth weights was 1.08 (1.00-1.16) in men and 1.23 (1.16-1.31) in women. the association between having a birth weight t for those aged than for those of older age (P for interaction = 0.026). Lower birth weight and non-ideal cardiovascular health metrics were jointly related to an increased risk of CVD. Participants with birth weights hMs score 0-1 had the highest risk of incident CVD (hR [95% CI]: 3.93 [3.01-5.13] in men; 4.24 [3.33-5.40] in women). the joint effect (hR [95% CI]: 1.36 [1.17-1.58]) could be decomposed into 24.7% (95% CI: 15.0%-34.4%) for a lower birth weight, 64.7% (95% CI: 56.7%-72.6%) for a lower ICVhM score, and 10.6% (95% CI: 2.7%-18.6%) for their additive interaction in women.Conclusions: Birth weight and ICVhMs were jointly related to CVD risk. Attaining a normal birth weight and ideal ICVhMs may reduce the risk of CVD, and a simultaneous improvement of both prenatal and postnatal factors could further prevent additional cases in women.

关键词： Birth weight health metrics Cardiovascular disease Adult Stroke Coronary heart disease

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Prevalence of dementia and the attributable contributions of modifiable risk factors in China

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General Psychiatry 2023年第3期36卷 193-197页

作者： hui Chen Yuhui huang Xiaozhen Lv Xin Xu Yuan Ma huali Wang changzheng Yuan school of public health the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina Bejing Dementia Key Lab National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersNHC Key Laboratory of Mental HealthPeking University Institute of Mental Health(Sixth Hospital)BeijingChina department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA department of nutrition Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

With the largest ageing population in the world,China is faced with the huge chal-lenge of dementia.-however,previously reported estimates on the prevalence of dementia among Chinese older adults were inconsistent,varying from 2%to 13%.5°It is crucial for dementia prevention to determine the number of cases that could be delayed or prevented,but how to do this remains unclear.to address these research gaps,we aimed to provide population estimates of the prevalence of dementia in China and estimate the population attributable fractions(PAFs)of potentially modifiable risk factors.

关键词： prevention attributable estimates

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the effect of activity and face masks on exhaled particles in children

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Pediatric Investigation 2023年第2期7卷 75-85页

作者： Peter P.Moschovis Jesiel Lombay Jennifer Rooney Sara R.Schenkel Dilpreet Singh Shawheen J.Rezaei Nora Salo Amanda Gong Lael M.Yonker Jhill Shah Douglas hayden Patricia L.hibberd Philip Demokritou t.Bernard Kinane department of Pediatrics Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Environmental health Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers University School of Public HealthNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA David Geffen school of Medicine the University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA department of Global health Boston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

Importance:Despite the high burden of respiratory infections among children,the production of exhaled particles during common activities and the efficacy of face masks in children have not been sufficiently studied.Objective:to determine the effect of type of activity and mask usage on exhaled particle production in children.Methods:healthy children were asked to perform activities that ranged in intensity(breathing quietly,speaking,singing,coughing,and sneezing)while wearing no mask,a cloth mask,or a surgical mask.the concentration and size of exhaled particles were assessed during each activity.Results:twenty-three children were enrolled in the study.Average exhaled particle concentration increased by intensity of activity,with the lowest particle concentration during tidal breathing(1.285 particles/cm^(3)[95%CI 0.943,1.627])and highest particle concentration during sneezing(5.183 particles/cm^(3)[95%CI 1.911,8.455]).high-intensity activities were associated with an increase primarily in the respirable size(≤5μm)particle fraction.Surgical and cloth masks were associated with lower average particle concentration compared to no mask(P=0.026 for sneezing).Surgical masks outperformed cloth masks across all activities,especially within the respirable size fraction.In a multivariable linear regression model,we observed significant effect modification of activity by age and by mask type.Interpretation:Similar to adults,children produce exhaled particles that vary in size and concentration across a range of activities.Production of respirable size fraction particles(≤5μm),the dominant mode of transmission of many respiratory viruses,increases significantly with coughing and sneezing and is most effectively reduced by wearing surgical face masks.

关键词： Aerosol Face masks Respiratory particles

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Replacement of leisure-time sedentary behavior with various physical activities and the risk of dementia incidence and mortality:A prospective cohort study

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2023年第3期12卷 287-294页

作者： Ying Sun Chi Chen Yuetian Yu haojie Zhang Xiao tan Jihui Zhang Lu Qi Yingli Lu Ningjian Wang Institute and department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China department of Medical Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsala 75185Sweden school of public health Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510180China department of Epidemiology School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA department of nutrition Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA channing Division of Network Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Background:Whether or not there is targeted pharmacotherapy for dementia,an active and healthy lifestyle that includes physical activity(PA)may be a better option than medication for preventing dementia.We examined the association between leisure-time sedentary behavior(SB)and the risk of dementia incidence and mortality.We further quantified the effect on dementia risk of replacing sedentary time with an equal amount of time spent on different physical activities.Methods:In the UK Biobank,484,169 participants(mean age=56.5 years;45.2%men)free of dementia were followed from baseline(2006-2010)through July 30,2021.A standard questionnaire measured individual leisure-time SB(watching tV,computer use,and driving)and PA(walking for pleasure,light and heavy do-it-yourself activity,strenuous sports,and other exercise)frequency and duration in the 4 weeks prior to evaluation.Apolipoprotein E(APOE)genotype data were available for a subset of 397,519(82.1%)individuals.A Cox proportional hazard model and an isotemporal substitution model were used in this study.Results:During a median 12.4 years of follow-up,6904 all-cause dementia cases and 2115 deaths from dementia were recorded.In comparison to participants with leisure-time SBh/day,the hazard ratio((hR),95%confidence interval(95%CI))of dementia incidence was 1.07(1.02-1.13)for 5-8 h/day and 1.25(1.13-1.38)for>8 h/day,and the hR of dementia mortality was 1.35(1.12-1.61)for>8 h/day.A 1 standard deviation increment of sedentary time(2.33 h/day)was strongly associated with a higher incidence of dementia and mortality(hR=1.06,95%CI:1.03-1.08 and hR=1.07,95%CI:1.03-1.12,respectively).the association between sedentary time and the risk of developing dementia was more profound in subjectsthan in those>60 years(hR=1.26,95%CI:1.00-1.58 vs.hR=1.21,95%CI:1.08-1.35 in>8 h/day,p for interaction=0.013).Replacing 30 min/day of leisure sedentary time with an equal time spent in total PA was associated with a6%decreased risk and 9%decreased mortality from dementia,with exer

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Apolipoprotein E Dementia Isotemporal substitution model Physical activity Sedentary behavior

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Parental perception of child's weight,their attitudes towards child's dietary habits and the risk of obesity

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第7期18卷 482-489页

作者： Lorena Garcia-Blancol Arantxa Berasaluce Andrea Romanos-Nanclares Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez Laura Moreno-Galaraga Nerea Martin-Calvo San Juan Primary Care health Center.Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea PamplonaSpain IdisNA.Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navrra.Pamplona Spain department of Preventive Medicine and public health School of Medicine.University of NavarraC/Irunlarrea l.31080 Pamplona.Spain Biomedical Research Centre Network On Obesity and Nutrition(CIBERobn).Physiopathology of Obesity and NutritionInstituteof Health Carlos Ⅲ.Av.Monforte de Lemos.3-528029 MadridSpain department of nutrition.harvard t.h.chan school of public health Boston.MA 02115.USA department of Pediatrices.Complejo hospialario de Navarra B.Pamplona.Spain

Background the association between parental perception of child's weight and their attitudes towards his/her dietary habits has not been reported yet.this study aimed to assess the association between parental underestimation of child's weight and parental attitudes towards child's dietary habits.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of SENDO cohort participants recruited between January 2015 and June 2020.All information was collected through online questionnaires completed by parents.We calculated crude and multivariable-adjusted odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)for unhealthy attitudes towards child's dietary habits associated with parental underestimation of child's weight.Results Sixteen percent of children in the SENDO project had parents who underestimated their weight.Parents who under-estimated their child's weight status were more likely to have unhealthy attitudes toward his/her dietary habits[OR 3.35;95%CI(1.71-6.53)].Conclusions Parental underestimation of child's weight was associated with unhealthy attitudes towards child's dietary hab-its.Pediatricians and public health practitioners should pay attention to the parental perception of child's weight to identify parents who underestimate it as an at-risk group in which to inquire about lifestyle and dietary habits.

关键词： Childhood obesity Dietary atitudes Eating habits Overweight Weight perception

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Implementing New Approaches to tuberculosis Control

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China CDC weekly 2021年第12期3卷 256-259页

作者： Kristine M.Guinn Eric J.Rubin department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

As someone who has studied tuberculosis(tB)formany years,it is difficult for me to admit,buttuberculosis has not been the most exciting field inmedicine for a long time.the vaccine that is used inmuch of the world was developed in the 1930s.thefoundational clinical research that defines how we treattB was performed in India in the 1960s.

关键词： tuberculosis vaccine clinical

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