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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xiao-Yue Li Tian-Xin Yang Ying-Cai Zhao Cheng-Cheng Wang Chang-Hu Xue Teruyoshi Yanagita Yu-Ming Wang Tian-Tian Zhang SKL of Marine food Processing & Safety Control， College of food Science and Engineering， Ocean University of China Laboratory of nutrition Biochemistry， department of Applied Biochemistry and food Science， Saga University

Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is capable of synthesizing EPA and DHA in vivo， but the conversion rate is hard to meet the body's need for rapid DHA supplementation. Studies have shown that fucoxanthin can increase DHA content in the liver of mice， but the mechanism is not clear. Moreover， the effect of fucoxanthin and its metabolite fucoxanthinol on the chain lengthening reaction of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is little studied. In this study， the effects of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol on the chain elongation of n-3 and n-6 series PUFAs were investigated in mice. Results showed that fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol significantly increased the conversion of n-3 series ALA to DHA and n-6 series LA to AA in the serum， liver， small intestine， and heart of mice. In addition， fucoxanthin accelerated the rate of DHA supplementation by ALA in the brain. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the role of fucoxanthin in promoting PUFAs conversion was not regulated at transcriptional level， but by increasing the activity of fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2)， a key enzyme of chain elongation reaction of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs. This study fundamentally provided theoretical bases for a new strategy of dietary supplementation of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs.

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Integrated metabolomic and transcriptome analyses reveal the regulatory mechanisms of partridge tea phenolics-rich extracts on type 2 diabetes mice

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ruyan Fan Songjie Li Youjing Wei Yingxin Liu Lu Wang School of food Science and Engineering， Hainan University Key Laboratory of food nutrition and Functional food of Hainan Province， Hainan University

Partridge tea (Mallotus fortians Muell-Arg)， an important and widely consumed substitute tea in Hainan， possessed multi-biological activities. This study investigated the composition and content of phenolics-rich extracts purified from partridge tea， and then explored the effect of partridge tea polyphenol extract (PTE) on glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. The results showed that the dominant components in PTE included rutin (152.78 ± 2.93) mg/g， 3-chlorogenic acid (85.81 ± 3.48) mg/g， caffeic acid (63.78 ± 1.86) mg/g， catechin (12.10 ± 1.41) mg/g， gallic acid (5.24 ± 0.12) mg/g， kaempferitrin， ellagic acid， ferulic acid， caffeic acid methylester， and geraniin. After 6 weeks of PTE intervention， glucose tolerance， insulin resistance， and pancreatic β-cell function in T2DM mice have significantly improved. This improvement was corroborated by an increase in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1); homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β)， glycogen， insulin protein expression， and reduction of insulin， glycosylated serum protein (GSP)， homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR)， glucagon protein expression. The supplementation of PTE also seems to alleviate the inflammatory response， as evidenced by a decrease in endotoxin and inflammatory cytokine levels. Hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial damage is alleviated by PTE intervention. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H & E staining) and lipid profile analysis indicate that PTE intervention can help regulate lipid metabolism disorders. In addition， the integration of metabolomics and transcriptomic analysis indicates that PTE intervention could regulate glycolipid metabolism pathways related to T2DM， including insulin， AMPK， bile acid metabolism and glutathione metabolism signaling pathways. More importantly， the validation results from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed that the expressions of Scd1， Fasn， Hmgcr， and Slc

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Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal Mahato Rajesh Jha Birendra Mishra department of Human nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(TM)and post-hatch baica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on embryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)TM,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TMHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TMHSS).All birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TMHS,CHSS,and TMHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and TM *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at P<0.05 and are presented as mean±*** stress significantly decreased(P<0.05)the final body weight and ADG in CHS and TMHS groups compared to the other *** TM significantly increased(P<0.05)the expression of heat shock protein-related genes(HSP70,HSP90,and HSPH1)and antioxidant-related genes(GPX1 and TXN).TMHS birds showed a significant increment(P<0.05)in total cecal volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentration compared to the CHS bird

关键词： Baicalein Growth performance Gut microbiota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

Chlorantraniliprole exposure aggravates high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice by regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ting Gu Jie Lin Jiani Yang William Mumby Quancai Sun Ye Peng Faculty of Medicine， Macau University of Science and Technology School of food and Biological Engineering， Jiangsu University department of Health， nutrition， and food Sciences， Florida State University

food contaminants， particularly insecticides， are important factors contributing to obesity and other adverse effects. As the most widely used diamide insecticide worldwide， chlorantraniliprole (CP) is ubiquitous in food and the environment. However， the influence of CP on obesity and the gut microbiota remains unknown. In this study， we administered CP/carboxymethyl cellulose sodium to C57BL/6J mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) via gavage for 13 weeks. The CP exposure induced significant increases in body weight gain， fat mass， serum total cholesterol (TC)， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Moreover， CP aggravated the imbalance in the gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of obesity-associated bacteria and reducing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Based on untargeted metabolomics analysis， CP was found to be involved in the regulation of pathways including ‘alanine， aspartate and glutamate metabolism’ and ‘arginine and proline metabolism’. Notably， CP exposure primarily induced alterations in microbial metabolites within these pathways， such as L-(+)-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid. Additionally， individual metabolites， such as the lipid mediator (oleoyl ethanolamide)， also demonstrated alterations upon CP exposure. Furthermore， Spearman correlation analysis revealed several noteworthy associations between microbial alterations， metabolite changes， and phenotypes. The results of the study demonstrate a connection between microbiota， metabolites， and the effects of CP exposure on HFD-induced obesity， elucidating the critical role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the toxic effects of CP.

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Dietary L-proline supplementation ameliorates autism-like behaviors and modulates gut microbiota in the valproic acid-induced mouse model of autism spectrum disorder

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2889-2905页

作者： Jingjing Fang Ruixuan Geng Seong-Gook Kang Kunlun Huang Tao Tong Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and food Quality Key Laboratory of Functional DairyMinistry of EducationCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China department of food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center Mokpo National UniversityMuangun 58554Korea Key Laboratory of Safety assessment of Genetically Modified Organism(food Safety) Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory for food Quality and Safety Beijing 100083China

The effective intervention strategy for autism spectrum disorder(ASD)are currently ***,we attempted to evaluate the potential of L-proline(Pro),a multifunctional amino acid,in ameliorating autismlike behaviors and clarify the molecular mechanisms involved by using the typical valproic acid(VPA)-induced mouse model of *** significantly attenuates repetitive behaviors and social dysfunction in ASD *** correlation analysis revealed that the beneficial effects of Pro on autism-like behaviors are related to the modulation of gut microbiota structure and *** histological analysis revealed that Pro could reverse the decrease of Nissl-positive cells in the prefrontal cortex(PFC)induced by VPA *** sequencing demonstrated that Pro can also alter the PFC transcriptomic profile distinguished by the regulation of genes involved in Parkinson disease,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,oxidative phosphorylation,and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling ***,dietary Pro supplementation may be a promising intervention strategy for ASD.

关键词： L-Proline Autism spectrum disorder Gut microbiota Prefrontal cortex Behavior

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Dietary yeast extract prevents alcoholic liver disease in mice via correcting gut dysbiosis and improving intestinal barrier function

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Hao Han Lei Tian Yajing Dong Yanyang Han Xiaoman Wang Qian Cheng Haibo Zhang Yan Zhang department of nutrition and food Hygiene， School of Public Health， Shanxi Medical University Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function Research Center of nutrition and Health food Yichang School of Health Science and Engineering， Shanghai Engineering Research Center of food Microbiology， University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the major global public health problems. Yeast extract (YE)， a product prepared from yeast， has been proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However， the potential role of YE in the prevention of ALD remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of YE on ALD and explore the underlying mechanism based on gut microbiota. The result showed that YE supplementation significantly ameliorated chronic alcohol exposure-induced liver injury in mice. In addition， YE counteracted alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis， intestinal barrier dysfunction， lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage-induced inflammatory response in the liver. Moreover， microbiota depletion by a broad-spectrum antibiotic was sufficient to block the protective effect of YE on ALD， indicating the contribution of gut dysbiosis modulation to the hepatoprotective role of YE. Furthermore， we demonstrated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and hepatoprotective effects of YE with the fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment. Compared with the ALD-FMT mice， gut dysbiosis， intestinal barrier dysfunction， LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway activation， and liver inflammatory response were significantly improved in the YE-FMT mice. Together， our findings highlight that dietary YE protects against ALD through gut dysbiosis correction.

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Trimethylamine N-oxide generation process was influenced by the proportion and source of macronutrients in the diet

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 649-658页

作者： Chengcheng Wang Xuefeng Duan Xiaoyue Li Jinyue Yang Changhu Xue Teruyoshi Yanagita Tiantian Zhang Yuming Wang College of food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Laboratory of nutrition Biochemistry Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food ScienceSaga UniversitySaga 840-8502Japan

Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)is a risk factor of various chronic diseases,which was produced by metabolism from precursors to trimethylamine(TMA)in gut and the oxidation from TMA in *** TMA generation was influenced by diet,mainly due to the rich TMAO precursors in ***,it was still unclear that the effects of different proportion and source of macronutrients in different dietary pattern on the production process of ***,the generation of TMA from precursors and TMAO from TMA was determined after single oral choline chloride and intraperitoneal injection TMA,respectively,in mice fed with carbohydrates,proteins and fats in different proportion and *** results suggested that the generation of TMAO was increased by low non-meat protein and high fat via enhancing the production of TMAO from TMA,and decreased by plant protein and refined sugar via reducing TMA production from precursors in gut and TMAO transformation from TMA in *** high fat and high sugar diets accelerating the development of atherosclerosis did not increase the production of TMAO,the risk factor for atherosclerosis,which indicated that the dietary compositions rather than the elevated TMAO level might be a more key risk factor for atherosclerosis.

关键词： Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO) Trimethylamine(TMA) Dietary composition Macronutrients Gut microbiota

Causal relationship between circulating vitamin C and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and common mental disorders-a Mendelian randomization study

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1877-1885页

作者： Yuanyuan Wang Lirong Dong Meng Zhao Shiyu Yin Pan Da Dengfeng Xu Yifei Lu Jiayue Xia Niannian Wang Shaokang Wang Guiju Sun Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education and Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneSchool of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China department of Integrated Service and Management Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjing 210009China

Mental disorders seriously affect people’s health and social *** Mendelian randomization(MR)study was designed to investigate the causal relationship between circulating vitamin C(VC)or 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D)levels and mental *** data used for the MR analysis were derived from the summary genome-wide association studies(GWAS)database for VC and 25(OH)D and from the Finn Gen consortium for fourteen mental *** on the inverse variance weighted(IVW)method,we found a potential causal association between circulating VC and anxiety disorders(IVW:OR=1.139,95%CI:1.023-1.269,P=0.018).However,no causal association was found between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental disorders(P>0.05).In the reverse MR analysis,individuals with Alzheimer’s disease was causally associated with higher concentrations of circulating VC(P=0.012),while individuals with anxiety disorders had a negative association between the concentrations of 25(OH)D(P=0.012).However,the current evidence does not support a causal relationship between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental *** addition,there was no causal association between circulating VC and 25(OH)D(P>0.05).Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms of potential causality.

关键词： Circulating vitamin C 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Mental disorder Mendelian randomization

Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 344-361页

作者： Wenchao Liu Huimei Liu Yaoyao Wang Zhongxiang Zhao Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Rajesh Jha department of Animal Science College of Coastal Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong 524088People’s Republic of China department of food Science and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea department of Human nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Global warming leading to heat stress(HS)is becoming a major challenge for broiler *** study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed(Enteromorpha prolifera)polysaccharides(EPS)on the intestinal barrier function,microbial ecology,and performance of broilers under HS.A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers(male,56 days old)with 682.59±7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups:1)TN(thermal neutral zone,23.6±1.8℃),2)HS(heat stress,33.2±1.5℃ for 10 h/d),and 3)HSE(HS+0.1%EPS).Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per *** study was conducted for 4 weeks;feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and *** the end of the feeding trial,small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology,antioxidant,secretory immunoglobulin A(s Ig A)content,apoptosis,gene and protein expression analysis;cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S r DNA *** Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers during 3–4 weeks of HS(P<0.05).At the end of HS on broilers,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and the content of s Ig A in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation(P<0.05).Besides,dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers(P<0.05).Addition of EPS in HS group broilers'diet upregulated the relative m RNA expression of Occludin,ZO-1,γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum(P<0.05),whereas downregulated the relative m RNA expression of NF-κB p65,TNF-αand IL-1βof the jejunum(P<0.05).Dietary EPS increased the protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1,whereas it reduced the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and MLCK(P<0.01)and tended to decrease the protein expression of TNF-α(P=0.094)in heat-stressed ***,the proportions of Bacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine ex

关键词： Broilers Cecal microbiota Heat stress Intestinal barrier function Seaweed polysaccharides

Sulforaphane ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by KLF4-mediated macrophage M2 polarization

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2727-2740页

作者： Xianghui Huang Jia Xu Ye Xu Bingxin Huangfu Feng Zhang Yanzhou Hu Ruxin Gao Xinxin Ren Boyang Zhang Kunlun Huang Xiaoyun He Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and food Quality Key Laboratory of Functional DairyMinistry of EducationCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Safety assessment of Genetically Modified Organism(food Safety) the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R.ChinaBeijing 100083China

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global issue and a severe threat to public ***, to date, no approved therapeutic drugs have been developed. Dietary interventions with naturalproducts have shown promise in preventing and treating NAFLD. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a phytocompoundwith antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and previous research has demonstrated that SFN canameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying thesebeneficial effects remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed the protective effects of SFN on excessive lipidaccumulation and inflammatory injury in a high-fat, high-fructose diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) mouse model. We found that SFN attenuates the inflammatory injury in a macrophage cell line andthe liver of NASH mice, owing to the promotion of M1-type macrophage polarization toward the M2-type andthe regulation of inflammatory mediators. Further analysis demonstrated that this SFN-induced macrophageM2-type polarization occurs in a Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)-dependent manner. In summary, we uncovereda new mechanism of action underlying SFN activity and provide evidence that dietary intervention with SFNmight be protective against NASH.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) Krüppel-like factor 4 Nuclear translocation Chemokine Lipid metabolism

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