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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 659-667页

作者： Lanlan Gui Shaokang Wang Jing Wang Wang Liao Zitong Chen Da Pan Hui Xia Guiju Sun Su Tian department of nutrition and Food hygiene School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing 210003China department of nutrition and Food hygiene School of Public HealthHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China

Forsythia suspensa,belonging to the deciduous shrubs of the Luteaceae family,a traditional Chinese medicine,has effects of alleviating swelling,clearing heat,detoxification and promoting blood circulation.The leaves of F.suspensa contain multiple chemical components and have a long history of use in folk medicines and health foods.The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of forsythin extract from F.suspensa leaves on intestinal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)content in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.Forsythin extract in F.suspensa leaves increased the abundance of the intestinal microbiota,ameliorated intestinal microbiota disorders and inhibited the increase in total SCFA content in the intestinal tract in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.These results suggested that forsythin extract in F.suspensa leaves may slow the development of obesity induced by a high-fat diet;thus,its active components and efficacy are worthy of further study.

关键词： Forsythin High-fat diet Intestinal microbiota Short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)

Metabolite acetyl-L-carnitine participates in Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 to ameliorate atherosclerotic inflammation by downregulating theTLR4/NF-κB pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 813-822页

作者： Xi Liang Zhe Zhang Xiaoying Tian Qingyu Cui Haiyan Lu Maozhen Zhao Tongjie Liu Huaxi Yi Pimin Gong Lanwei Zhang department of nutrition and Food hygiene School of public healthQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

This study aimed to explore the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 on the improvement of atherosclerotic inflammation.Arteriosclerosis model ApoE^(-/-)mice were orally administered with B.animalis F1-7 for 12 weeks.The probiotic intervention reduced the plaque areas in aorta and the accumulation of macrophages,and downregulated the expression of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)pathway to reduce the levels of inflammatory factors.The widely-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that acetyl-L-carnitine(ALC)in the intestine of atherosclerotic mice was significantly increased after B.animalis F1-7 intervention.Correlation analysis proved that ALC was associated with atherosclerotic inflammatory response.By using oxidized low density lipoprotein induced macrophage foam cells,we further verified that ALC could reduce lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in foam cells by downregulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.Finally,our results revealed that B.animalis F1-7 upregulated the metabolite ALC to downregulate the inflammatory responses,leading to the reduction of plaque accumulation of atherosclerosis.

关键词： Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 Atherosclerosis Inflammation Metabonomics Acetyl-L-carnitine

Causal relationship between circulating vitamin C and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and common mental disorders-a Mendelian randomization study

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1877-1885页

作者： Yuanyuan Wang Lirong Dong Meng Zhao Shiyu Yin Pan Da Dengfeng Xu Yifei Lu Jiayue Xia Niannian Wang Shaokang Wang Guiju Sun Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education and Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneSchool of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China department of Integrated Service and Management Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjing 210009China

Mental disorders seriously affect people’s health and social stability.This Mendelian randomization(MR)study was designed to investigate the causal relationship between circulating vitamin C(VC)or 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D)levels and mental disorders.The data used for the MR analysis were derived from the summary genome-wide association studies(GWAS)database for VC and 25(OH)D and from the Finn Gen consortium for fourteen mental disorders.Based on the inverse variance weighted(IVW)method,we found a potential causal association between circulating VC and anxiety disorders(IVW:OR=1.139,95%CI:1.023-1.269,P=0.018).However,no causal association was found between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental disorders(P>0.05).In the reverse MR analysis,individuals with Alzheimer’s disease was causally associated with higher concentrations of circulating VC(P=0.012),while individuals with anxiety disorders had a negative association between the concentrations of 25(OH)D(P=0.012).However,the current evidence does not support a causal relationship between VC or 25(OH)D and other mental disorders.In addition,there was no causal association between circulating VC and 25(OH)D(P>0.05).Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms of potential causality.

关键词： Circulating vitamin C 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Mental disorder Mendelian randomization

Genetic Insights into Glycine’s Protective Role Against CAD—European and East Asia,2015 and 2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第9期6卷 168-172,I0003-I0008页

作者： Jiaying Yu Zhuolin Zhu Ting Wang Yuanhao Wei Lianjie Huang Qianru Zhang Yuting Zhang Yiran Wang Guiyou Liu Xiang Shu Rennan Feng department of nutrition and Food hygiene School of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education School of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Songyang County Center for Disease Prevention and Control Songyang CityZhejiang Province China department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew York CityNYUSA

Introduction:The purpose of this study is to examine the potential causal relationship between levels of circulating glycine and coronary artery disease(CAD)using a two-step Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:We analyzed data from genome-wide association studies(GWAS)conducted on European and East Asian populations.To assess the causal effects of circulating glycine levels on the risk of CAD.We used the inverse-variance weighting(IVW),weighted median(WM),MR-Egger,and Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier(MR-PRESSO)methods.Furthermore,we conducted mediation analysis to investigate the contribution of blood pressure and other cardiovascular disease-related traits.Results:The two-step Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that higher levels of glycine in the blood were associated with a reduced risk of CAD in Europeans[odds ratio(OR)=0.84,95%confidence interval(CI):0.72,−0.98;P=0.029]and East Asians:(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.66,−0.89;P=3.57×10−4).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings.Additionally,our results suggest that about 6.06%of the observed causal effect is mediated through genetically predicted systolic blood pressure(SBP)in the European population.Discussion:Our results contribute to the current knowledge regarding the involvement of glycine in the progression of CAD,and provide valuable methodological insights for the prevention and treatment of this condition.

关键词： CAD prevention involvement

Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velmurugu Ravindran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University department of Animal Science and nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd Complete Feed Solutions

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in two protein sources (soybean meal [SBM] and canola meal [CM]) were investigated at six broiler ages (d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42). Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM (413 g/kg) or CM (553 g/kg) as the sole dietary AA source. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added as an indigestible marker. A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age group. Each assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7 (14 birds/cage), 14 (12 birds/cage), 21 (10 birds/cage), 28 (8 birds/cage), 35 (8 birds/cage) and 42 (6 birds/cage), respectively. The apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA flows. In the SBM group, though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced (quadratic; P=0.075) by age, no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable (IAA) and total AA (TAA). An age effect (quadratic; P<0.05) was observed on the average SIDC of dispensable AA (DAA) in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7, followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28, which increased beyond d 35. The SIDC of some individual AA (Arg, Thr, Trp, Cys, Pro) were affected (P<0.05 or P<0.001) in a quadratic manner by age. In the CM, the SIDC of N, average SIDC of IAA, DAA and TAA were influenced (quadratic; P<0.05 or P<0.001) by age. The SIDC of N and average SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14, declined at d 21, and then increased beyond d 28. The average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased thereafter. The SIDC of individual AA were affected (linear or quadratic; P<0.05 or P<0.001) by different magnitudes by age. The age influence on the SIDC AA was variable, depending on the protein source and AA. The results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

Drug repurposing: A novel strategy to target cancer stem cells and therapeutic resistance

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 148-175页

作者： Divya Ajmeera Rajanna Ajumeera Cell Biology department ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition(NIN)HyderabadTelangana 500007India

Chemotherapy is an effortless and frequently used approach in cancer therapy.However,in most cases,it can only prolong life expectancy and does not guarantee a complete cure.Furthermore,chemotherapy is associated with severe adverse effects,one of the major complications of effective cancer therapy.In addition,newly published research outputs show that cancer stem cells are involved in cancer disease progression,drug resistance,metastasis,and recurrence and that they are functional in the trans-differentiation capacity of cancer stem cells to cancer cells in response to treatments.Novel strategies are therefore required for better management of cancer therapy.The prime approach would be to synthesize and develop novel drugs that need extensive resources,time,and endurance to be brought into therapeutic use.The subsequent approach would be to screen the anti-cancer activity of avail-able non-cancerous drugs.This concept of repurposing non-cancer drugs as an alternative to current cancer therapy has become popular in recent years because using existing anticancer drugs has several adverse effects.Micronutrients have also been investigated for cancer ther-apy due to their significant anti-cancer effects with negligible or no side effects and availabil-ity in food sources.In this paper,we discuss an ideal hypothesis for screening available non-cancerous drugs with anticancer activity,with a focus on cancer stem cells and their clinical application for cancer treatment.Further,drug repurposing and the combination of micronu-trients that can target both cancers and cancer stem cells may result in a better therapeutic approach leading to maximum tumor growth control.

关键词： Cancerstem cells Chemotherapy Combination therapy micronutrients Non-cancer drugs Novel strategies

Effect of Maternal DEHP Exposure on Lipid Metabolism in Adult Male Rats and the Antagonistic Effect of Genistein

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 315-319页

作者： ZHANG Yun Bo LI Jiang Li TIAN Jie NA Xiao Lin department of Environmental hygiene Public Health CollegeHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081HeilongjiangChina

Lipid metabolism refers to the biochemical processes involved in synthesising,storing,utilising,and breaking down lipids in living organisms.Lipids are essential for various physiological functions,including energy storage,insulation,protection of organs,and the formation of cell membranes.Aberrations in lipid metabolism can lead to a number of health issues,such as atherosclerosis,obesity,and type 2 diabetes,etc.[1].Environmental factors,genetics,and lifestyle factors are some of the factors that can contribute to the development of dyslipidemia.Currently,there is a growing academic interest in the impact of environmental factors.

关键词： Lipid metabolism organs

Preventive effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 on ovalbumin-induced food allergy in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2346-2352页

作者： Jialu Shi Yan Xu Cheng Liu Shizhi Wang Jin Wang Vijaya Raghavan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering Ministry of Educationand Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneSchool of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China department of Bioresource Engineering Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesMcGill UniversitySainte-Anne-de-BellevueQC H9X3V9Canada

Food allergy is a significant public health concern globally.Certain probiotics have been found to enhance food allergy by regulating immune-microbe interactions in animal models and patients.However,the effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 on food allergy have not been thoroughly investigated.The present study examined the anti-allergic properties of Probio-M8,particularly in relation to immune response and gut microbiota composition.Results demonstrate that oral administration of Probio-M8 effectively mitigated the allergy symptoms triggered by ovalbumin(OVA)by ameliorating the morphological damage in the jejunum,reducing OVA-specific IgE and histamine levels in the serum,and suppressing Th2 cytokines(interleukin(IL)4 and IL-13)while increasing Th1 cytokines(interferon(IFN)γ)and regulatory T(Treg)cytokines(IL-10 and transforming growth factor(TGF)β1)in the culture supernatants of splenic cells.Furthermore,Probio-M8 effectively altered the diversity and composition of gut microbiota,particularly the relative abundances of Akkermansia_muciniphila in OVA-induced mice.Compared to the OVA group,the Probio-M8 group showed a decrease in the relative abundance of Akkermansia_muciniphila.In conclusion,Probio-M8 demonstrates the potential to alleviate food allergy by regulating the Th1/Th2 response and modulating gut microbiota,thereby offering a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with food allergy.

关键词： Food allergy Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 T cell immune response Gut microbiota

Potential of molecular chaperones for treating Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2343-2344页

作者： Gefei Chen Jan Johansson department of Biosciences and nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most prevalent form of dementia,i.e.,progressive memory loss and profound cognitive dysfunction,resulting in a considerable societal burden.At the neuropathological level,the brains of AD patients exhibit amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and neuroinflammation(Sala Frigerio and De Strooper,2016).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation Aβ

Fructose aggravating colon barrier dysfunction by decreasing gut bacteria metabolites indole-3-carboxaldehyde and inhibiting activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in vivo and in vitro

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ge Song Shaojie Pang Wenting Peng Wei Fang Yong Wang Rui Liu Qianyun Gan Wentao Qi Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration department of nutrition and Food hygiene School of Public Health Peking University School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

Background: Fructose may induce non-alcoholic fatty acids (NAFLD) due to the gut-liver axis interactions. The mechanism of fructose impairing colon barrier is unrevealed. Methods: Normal and DSS-induced Sprague-Dawley rats fed by 35% fructose diets were used to evaluate colon barrier functions. Microbiome and metabolome were applied to screen potential biomarker bacteria and metabolites induced by fructose. HT-29 cells were applied to validate metabolite biomarker indoleacrylic acid (IAA) and indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A) function in colon barrier which impaired by fructose. Results: Fructose induced colon barrier dysfunction， aggravated colon impairment in DSS-induced rats. With fructose intake， the colon length shortened， goblet numbers declined， inflammation infiltration induced， inflammatory cytokines increased， and apoptosis signals upregulated in colon tissue. Moreover， fructose induced dysbiosis of microbiota and their metabolites. Adlercreutzia， Holdemania were screened out as potential bacteria biomarkers， IAA and I3A as tryptophan metabolites were selected as metabolite biomarkers inhibited by fructose. IAA and I3A treatment alleviated the impairment induced by fructose by increasing trans epithelial electric resistance (TEER) value， tight junction proteins (TJPs)， and AhR activity in HT-29 cell. Conclusion: Fructose stimulated inflammation， apoptosis， gut bacteria alteration， and induced the reduction of IAA and I3A. Since fructose inhibited production of IAA and I3A， AhR remained inactivated and consequently induced colon barrier dysfunction.

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