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Design and implementation of the monochromator shielding for the cold neutron spectrometers XINGZHI and BOYA

Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 96-102页

作者：汪晋辰刘娟娟徐大业 Florian Grünauer 郝丽杰刘蕴韬张红霞程鹏鲍威 Laboratory for neutron Scattering and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and MicroNano Devices Department of PhysicsRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Physics Consulting Zorneding 85604Germany China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China department of Physics City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077China Center for neutron Scattering City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077China

An innovative monochromator shielding is designed and implemented for the cold neutron spectrometers XINGZHI and BOYA operated by Renmin University of China at China Advanced Research *** Monte Carlo simulations and careful mechanical designs,a shielding configuration has been successfully developed to satisfy safety requirements of below 3μSv/h dose rate at its exterior,meanwhile fulfilling space,floor load and nonmagnetic *** materials are utilized to form the sandwich-type shielding walls:the inner layer of boron carbide rubber,the middle layer of steel-encased lead and the outer layer of borated ***-shaped liftable shielding blocks are incorporated to facilitate a continuous adjustment of the neutron energy while preventing radiation *** work has demonstrated that by utilizing composite shielding materials,along with the sandwich structure and liftable shielding blocks,a compact and lightweight shielding solution can be *** enables the realization of advanced neutron scattering instruments that provide expanded space of measurement,larger energy and momentum coverage,and higher flux on the *** shielding represents the first of its kind in neutron scattering instruments in *** its successful operation,it has been subsequently employed by other neutron instruments across the country.

关键词： neutron scattering cold neutron spectrometer monochromator shielding sandwich shielding structure

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C-Type Antiferromagnetic Structure of Topological Semimetal CaMnSb2

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第3期41卷 119-125页

作者：李博曾旭涛徐千惠杨帆项俊森钟恒扬邓司浩何伦华徐菊萍殷雯鲁兴业刘慧颖胜献雷金文涛 School of Physics Beihang University Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Center for Advanced Quantum Studies and department of Physics Beijing Normal University Spallation neutron Source Science Center Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory

Determination of the magnetic structure and confirmation of the presence or absence of inversion （P） and time reversal （Τ） symmetry is imperative for correctly understanding the topological magnetic materials. He... 详细信息

关键词： Density functional theory

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Quantification and visualization of spatial distribution of dendrites in solid polymer electrolytes

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eScience 2024年第1期4卷 114-122页

作者： Tiancheng Yi Enyue Zhao Yuping He Tianjiao Liang Howard Wang Spallation neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China neutron Science Platform Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryDongguan 523808China Institute for Materials Research and department of Mechanical Engineering Binghamton UniversityBinghamtonNY 13902USA department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Integrating lithium metal anodes with polymer electrolytes is a promising technology for the next generation high-energy-density rechargeable *** the progress is often hindered by the dendrite growth upon cycling,quantifying three-dimensional(3D)microstructures of dendrites in polymer electrolytes is essential to better understanding of dendrite formation for the development of mitigation *** for 3D quantification and visualization of dendrites,especially those with low Li contents,are rather *** study reports quantitative measurements of the spatial distribution of Li dendrites grown in solid polymer electrolytes using 3D tomographic neutron depth profiling(NDP)with improved spatial resolution,compositional range,and data *** reveal heterogeneous distribution of Li over length scales from tens nanometers to *** most dendrites grow from the plating toward the stripping electrode with dwindling Li quantities,dendrites apparently grown from the Li-stripping electrode are also *** discovery is only possibly due to the unique combination of the high specificity and high sensitivity of the neutron activation analysis of Li isotope.

关键词： Li metal battery Solid polymer electrolytes 3D tomographic neutron depth profiling Lithium dendrite

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Anomalous thermal expansion and enhanced magnetocaloric effect in<001>-textured Mn_(x)Fe_(5-x)Si_(3) alloys

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2263-2274页

作者： Yong Gong Xue-Fei Miao Tapas Samanta Chris Taake Jun Liu Feng-Jiao Qian Yan-Yan Shao Yu-Jing Zhang Qing-Yong Ren Luana Caron Feng Xu MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China department of Physics Bielefeld University33501BielefeldGermany College of Physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Spallation neutron Source Science Center Dongguan523803China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for neutron Scattering Science and Technology Dongguan523803China department of Physics Bielefeld University33501BielefeldGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie12489BerlinGermany

The development of zero and negative therma expansion(i.e.,ZTE and NTE)materials is of crucial importance to the control of undesirable thermal expansion for high-precision *** the present work,ZTE and NTE were obtained in directionally-solidified Mn_(x)Fe_(5-x)Si_(3)alloys with a strongtexture,in striking contrast to positive thermal expansion in their isotropic counterparts Magnetometry and in-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)measurements were performed to uncover the origin of the anomalous thermal *** measurements indicate a strong easy-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the textured samples,where the magnetic moments are aligned within the ab plane of the hexagonal structure Temperature-dependent XRD on the x=1 sample reveals a ZTE character in the ab plane that is coupled to a ferromagnetic *** a result,the macroscopic ZTE(~0.22×10^(-6)K^(-1))in the x=1 sample can be attributed to the microscopic magneto volume effect within the ab plane,which is realized by the introduction of the-textured ***,the competition between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic exchange coupling leads to NTE in textured x=1.5 and 2 ***,textured x=1 sample displays enhanced magnetocaloric properties as compared to the conventional counterparts with randomly-oriented *** this work demonstrates a new strategy toward the exploration of anomalous thermal expansion properties as well as the enhancement of magnetocaloric properties for materials with a strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy.

关键词： MnFeySis Magnetocaloric effect Magnetic phase transition Negative thermal expansion

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Boron-doped high-entropy oxide toward high-rate and long-cycle layered cathodes for wide-temperature sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 577-587,I0012页

作者： Yuzhen Dang Zhe Xu Yurong Wu Runguo Zheng Zhiyuan Wang Xiaopin Lin Yanguo Liu Zheng-Yao Li Kai Sun Dongfeng Chen Dan Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province Qinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina neutron Scattering Laboratory Department of Nuclear PhysicsChina Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

03-type layered metal oxides hold great promise for sodium-ion batteries cathodes owing to their energy density ***,the severe irreversible phase transition and sluggish Na^(+)diffusion kinetics pose significant challenges to achieve high-performance layered ***,a boron-doped03-type high entropy oxide Na(Fe_(0.2)Co_(0.15)Cu_(0.05)Ni_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)Ti_(0.2))B_(0.02)O_(2)(NFCCNMT-B_(0.02))is designed and the covalent B-O bonds with high entropy configuration ensure a robust layered *** obtained cathode NFCCNMT-B_(0.02)exhibits impressive cycling performance(capacity retention of 95%and 82%after100 cycles and 300 cycles at 1 and 10 C,respectively)and outstanding rate capability(capacity of 83 mAh g^(-1)at 10 C).Furthermore,the NFCCNMT-B_(0.02)demonstrates a superior wide-temperature performance,maintaining the same capacity level(113,4 mAh g^(-1)@-20℃,121 mAh g^(-1)@25℃,and 119 mAh g^(-1)@60℃)and superior cycle stability(90%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C at-20℃).The high-entropy configuration design with boron doping strategy contributes to the excellent sodium-ion storage *** high-entropy configuration design effectively suppresses irreversible phase transitions accompanied by small volume changes(ΔV=0.65 A3).B ions doping expands the Na layer distance and enlarges the P3 phase region,thereby enhancing Na^(+)diffusion *** work offers valuable insights into design of high-performance layered cathodes for sodium-ion batteries operating across a wide temperature.

关键词： High entropy oxide Born substitution Phase transition Na~+diffusion kinetics Sodium-ion batteries

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Magnetic and electrical transport properties in GdAlSi and SmAlGe

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 554-560页

作者：巩静王欢马小平曾祥雨林浚发韩坤王乙婷夏天龙 department of Physics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials&Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Laboratory for neutron Scattering Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

We conduct a detailed examination of the magnetic and electrical transport properties in GdAlSi and SmAlGe crystals,which possess a LaPtSi-type structure(space group I4_(1)md).The magnetic susceptibility data unambiguously reveal magnetic ordering below a characteristic transition temperature(T_(N)).For GdAlSi,a hysteresis loop is observed in the magnetization and magnetoresistance curves within the ab plane when the magnetic field is applied below T_(N),which is around32 *** specific heat anomalies are detected at 32 K for GdAlSi and 6 K for SmAlGe,confirming the occurrence of magnetic *** addition,the extracted magnetic entropy at high temperatures is consistent with the theoretical value of Rln(2J+1) for J=7/2 in Gd^(3+) and J=5/2 in Sm^(3+),*** also exhibits Schottky-like specific heat ***,both GdAlSi and SmAlGe exhibit positive magnetoresistance and a normal Hall effect.

关键词： crystal growth magnetism magnetotransport properties specific heat

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Tunable quantum anomalous Hall effects in ferromagnetic van der Waals heterostructures

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 100-107页

作者： Feng Xue Yusheng Hou Zhe Wang Zhiming Xu Ke He Ruqian Wu Yong Xu Wenhui Duan Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices Center for Neutron Science and Technology School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences and Department of PhysicsFudan University Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information department of Physics and Astronomy University of California-Irvine Tencent Quantum Laboratory Tencent Technology(Shenzhen)Co.Ltd RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science(CEMS) Institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua University

The quantum anomalous Hall effect（QAHE） has unique advantages in topotronic applications, but it is still challenging to realize the QAHE with tunable magnetic and topological properties for building functional devices. Through systematic first-principles calculations, we predict that the in-plane magnetization induced QAHE with Chern numbers C = ±1 and the out-of-plane magnetization induced QAHE with high Chern numbers C = ±3 can be realized in a single material candidate, which is composed of van der Waals（vdW）coupled Bi and MnBi2Te4monolayers. The switching between different phases of QAHE can be controlled in multiple ways, such as applying strain or（weak） magnetic field or twisting the vdW materials. The prediction of an experimentally available material system hosting robust, highly tunable QAHE will stimulate great research interest in the field. Our work opens a new avenue for the realization of tunable QAHE and provides a practical material platform for the development of topological electronics.

关键词： quantum anomalous Hall effect topological quantum phase transition van der Waals heterostructures tunable Chern number high Chern number

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Microstructures and micromechanical behaviors of high -entropy alloys investigated by synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques: A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1333-1349页

作者： Yubo Huang Ning Xu Huaile Lu Yang Ren Shilei Li Yandong Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China AnSteel Beijing Research Institute Co.Ltd. Beijing 102200China Spallation neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Institute for Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China

High-entropy alloys(HEAs)possess outstanding features such as corrosion resistance,irradiation resistance,and good mechan-ical properties.A few HEAs have found applications in the fields of aerospace and *** studies on the deformation mech-anisms of HEAs can guide microstructure control and toughness design,which is vital for understanding and studying state-of-the-art structural *** X-ray and neutron diffraction are necessary techniques for materials science research,especially for in situ coupling of physical/chemical fields and for resolving macro/microcrystallographic information on ***,several re-searchers have applied synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to study the deformation mechanisms,phase transformations,stress behaviors,and in situ processes of HEAs,such as variable-temperature,high-pressure,and hydrogenation *** this review,the principles and development of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction are presented,and their applications in the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are *** factors that influence the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are also *** review fo-cuses on the microstructures and micromechanical behaviors during tension/compression or creep/fatigue deformation and the application of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to the characterization of dislocations,stacking faults,twins,phases,and intergrain/interphase stress *** on future developments of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction and on research directions on the deformation mechanisms of novel metals are discussed.

关键词： high-entropy alloys microstructures micromechanical behaviors synchrotron X-ray diffraction neutron diffraction

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Exciton-harvesting enabled efficient charged particle detection in zero-dimensional halides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1944-1955页

作者： Qian Wang Chenger Wang Hongliang Shi Jie Chen Junye Yang Alena Beitlerova Romana Kucerkova Zhengyang Zhou Yunyun Li Martin Nikl Xilei Sun Xiaoping OuYang Yuntao Wu Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Grirem Advanced Materials Co.Ltd.and General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China department of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Spallation neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China department of Optical Materials Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrague 16200Czech Republic Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China

Materials for radiation detection are critically important and urgently demanded in diverse fields,starting from fundamental scientific research to medical diagnostics,homeland security,and environmental *** halides(LDHs)exhibiting efficient self-trapped exciton(STE)emission with high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)have recently shown a great potential as ***,an overlooked issue of excitonexciton interaction in LDHs under ionizing radiation hinders the broadening of its radiation detection ***,we demonstrate an exceptional enhancement of exciton-harvesting efficiency in zero-dimensional(0D)Cs3Cu2I5:Tl halide single crystals by forming strongly localized Tl-bound *** of the suppression of nonradiative exciton-exciton interaction,an excellentα/βpulse-shape-discrimination(PSD)figure-of-merit(FoM)factor of 2.64,a superior rejection ratio of 10−9,and a high scintillation yield of 26000 photons MeV−1 under 5.49 MeVα-ray are achieved in Cs3Cu2I5:Tl single crystals,outperforming the commercial ZnS:Ag/PVT composites for charged particle detection ***,a radiation detector prototype based on Cs3Cu2I5:Tl single crystal demonstrates the capability of identifying radioactive 220Rn gas for environmental radiation monitoring *** believe that the exciton-harvesting strategy proposed here can greatly boost the applications of LDHs materials.

关键词： composites particle dimensional

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Flexible UV detectors based on in-situ hydrogen doped amorphous Ga_(2)O_(3) with high photo-to-dark current ratio

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Materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 181-189页

作者： Yanxin Sui Huili Liang Wenxing Huo Xiaozhi Zhan Tao Zhu Zengxia Mei Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory DongguanGuangdong 523808People’s Republic of China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China department of Biomedical Engineering Tianjin University92 Weijin RoadTianjin 300072People’s Republic of China China Spallation neutron Source DongguanGuangdong 523803People’s Republic of China

Amorphous Ga_(2)O_(3)(a-Ga_(2)O_(3))has been attracting more and more attention due to its unique merits such as wide bandgap(∼4.9 eV),low growth temperature,large-scale uniformity,low cost and energy efficient,making it a powerful competitor in flexible deep ultraviolet(UV)*** the responsivity of the ever-reported a-Ga_(2)O_(3)UV photodetectors(PDs)is usually in the level of hundreds of A/W,it is often accompanied by a large dark current due to the presence of abundant oxygen vacancy(VO)defects,which severely limits the possibility to detect weak signals and achieve versatile *** this work,the VO defects in a-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films are successfully passivated by in-situ hydrogen doping during the magnetron sputtering *** a result,the dark current of a-Ga_(2)O_(3)UV PD is remarkably suppressed to 5.17×10^(-11) A at a bias of 5 ***,the photocurrent of the corresponding device is still as high as 1.37×10^(-3)A,leading to a high photo-to-dark current ratio of 2.65×107 and the capability to detect the UV light with the intensity below 10 nW cm^(-2).Moreover,the H-doped a-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films have also been deposited on polyethylene naphtholate substrates to construct flexible UV PDs,which exhibit no great degradation in bending states and fatigue *** results demonstrate that hydrogen doping can effectively improve the performance of a-Ga_(2)O_(3)UV PDs,further promoting its practical application in various areas.

关键词： Ga_(2)O_(3) hydrogen doping ultraviolet photodetector photo-to-dark current ratio neutron reflection

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