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国际脑血管病杂志 2018年第4期26卷 241-250页

作者： Olivia A. Skrobot Sandra E. Black Christopher Chen Charles DeCarli Timo Erkinjuntti Gary A. Ford Rajesh N. Kalaria John O'Brien Leonardo Pantoni Florence Pasquier Gustavo C. Roman Anders Wallin Perminder Sachdev Ingmar Skoog the VICCCS group Yoav Ben-Shlomo Anthony P. Passmore Seth Love Patrick G. Kehoe 朱婷珂徐俊 Translational Health Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK Sunnybrook Research Institute University of Toronto Ontario Canada department of Pharmacology National University of Singapore Singapore department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience University of California at Davis Sacramento California USA Neurology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland Divison of Medical Sciences Oxford University Oxford UK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle University Newcastle UK department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine Cambridge UK NEUROFARBA department University of FlorenceFlorence Italy Inserm U1171 University of Lille Lille France Methodist neurological Institute Houston Texas USA Memory Clinic at department of Neuropsychiatry Sahlgrenska University Hospital Molndal Sweden Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Sweden School of Psychiatry University of New South WalesSydney Australia Neuropsychiatric Institute Prince of Wales Hospital Randwick New South WalesAustralia Population Health Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK Institute of Institute of Clinical Sciences Block B Queens University Belfast Belfast UK 116044 大连医科大学 116044 苏北人民医院神经内科扬州225001 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科北京100069

引言血管性认知损害（vascular cognitive impairment,VCI）诊断共识的缺乏（体现为多种不同评估方案的使用）,妨碍了对其理解和治疗的推进.多个国家的大量临床医生和研究人员参与了2个阶段血管性认知损害分类共识研究（Vascular Impair... 详细信息

引言血管性认知损害（vascular cognitive impairment,VCI）诊断共识的缺乏（体现为多种不同评估方案的使用）,妨碍了对其理解和治疗的推进.多个国家的大量临床医生和研究人员参与了2个阶段血管性认知损害分类共识研究（Vascular Impairment of Cognition Classification Consensus Study,VICCCS）,旨在就VCI的诊断原则（VICCCS-1）和诊断方案（VICCCS-2）达成一致意见.本文提供了VICCCS-2的相关内容.方法使用VICCCS-1达成的原则和已发表的诊断指南作为在线德尔菲（Delphi）调查的参考基点,以期对VCI的临床诊断达成共识.结果共进行了6轮调查,每轮有65～79名专家参与,他们就VICCCS修订的轻度和重度VCI的诊断指南达成共识,并肯定了美国国立神经疾病与卒中研究所-加拿大卒中网（National Institute of neurological Disorders and Stroke–Canadian Stroke Network,NINDS-CSN）发布的神经心理学评估方案和对影像学检查的推荐意见.讨论VICCCS-2建议规范化应用NINDS-CSN推荐的神经心理学和影像学评估方案诊断VCI,以促进研究协作.

关键词：血管性认知损害血管性痴呆指南标准共识德尔菲法

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Acknowledgement

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2020年第1期5卷 I0001-I0001页

作者： Yongjun Wang David Wang China National Clinical Research Center for neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Neurovascular Division Department of NeurologyBarrow Neurological InstituteSaint Joseph Hospital Medical CenterPhoenixChina

In this first issue of 2020,the editorial team of SVN would like to show our sincere gratitude to ***-Mei Lin from Carondelet neurological Institute,***’s Hospital Carondelet Health Network,Tucson,Arizona,USA as our Guest Editor and *** K Campos from Neurosurgery department at the university of california at Irvine as our Associate Guest *** have organised the majority of the 14 high level articles to make this incredible issue dedicated to the topics of vascular *** are confident that the high quality papers in this issue will offer updated knowledge that will be appreciated by all in the profession.

关键词： Irvine knowledge surgery

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门诊手术麻醉协会关于手术后恶心呕吐的处理指南

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麻醉与镇痛 2008年第6期4卷 12-26,43页

作者： Tong J. Gan, MD Tricia A. Meyer, PharmD, MS Christian C. Apfel, MD, PhD Frances Chung, FRCPC Peter J. davis, MD Ashraf S. Habib, MB, FRCA Vallire D. Hooper,MSN, RN, CPAN, FAAN Anthony L. Kovac,MD Peter Kranke, MD, PhD, MBA Paul Myles, MD Beverly K. Philip, MD Gregory Samsa, PhD Daniel I. Sessler, MD James Temo, CRNA, MSN, MBA Martin R. Tramer, MD, DPhil Craig Vander Kolk,MD Mehernoor Watcha, MD 谢郭豪(译) 方向明(校) department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina Consultant Anesthesiologist University of Wuerzburg WuerzburgGermany department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care UCSF Medical Center at Mt. Zion San FranciscoCalifornia department of Anesthesia University of Toronto Toronto Canada department of Anesthesi-ology and Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania School of Nurs-ing Medical College of Georgia Augusta Georgia department of Anesthesiology University of KansasMedical Center Kansas City Kansas Consultant Anesthesiologist University of Wuerzburg WuerzburgGermam department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Alfred Hospital Monash University Mel-bourne Australia department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Brigham and Women'sHospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts department of Biometry and Bioinformatics Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina department of OUTCOMES RESEARCH TheCleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio Duke university Nurse Anesthetist Program Durham North Caro-lina Division of Anesthesiology Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine Geneva Switzer-land department of surgery Division of Plastic Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Bal-timore Maryland department of Anesthesiology Texas Children's Hospital Houston Texas 不详

本指南是在门诊手术麻醉协会发起下，由国际专家组编撰而成。该专家组成员涉及与手术后恶心、呕吐（PONV）相关的多个学科，他们审慎的评估了当前关于PONV的医学文献，为PONV高风险的成年及儿童外科手术患者提供了循证医学的参考工具。... 详细信息

本指南是在门诊手术麻醉协会发起下，由国际专家组编撰而成。该专家组成员涉及与手术后恶心、呕吐（PONV）相关的多个学科，他们审慎的评估了当前关于PONV的医学文献，为PONV高风险的成年及儿童外科手术患者提供了循证医学的参考工具。指南的重点是识别成人及儿童患者中发生PONV的危险因素；推荐降低PONV基础风险的方法；甄别出对PONV进行预防性治疗最为有效的单一药物及联合用药方案；推荐对已发生的PONV的治疗方法；并为具有较高PONV风险的患者提供了处理流程。

关键词：手术后恶心呕吐手术麻醉指南协会门诊 PONV 外科手术患者联合用药方案

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Curative Embolization of Supratentorial Arteriovenous Malformation by an Initial Single Session: A Statistical Study on the Potential and Angiographic Predictors

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Journal of Cerebrovascular Disease 2018年第1期1卷 18-26页

作者： Jian-Wei Pan Hong-Wei He Lei Feng Zhong-Xue Wu Shu-Sen Zheng department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China department of Interventional Neuroradiology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China department of Radiology Kaiser Permanente Medical CenterLos AngelesCalifornia90027USA department of surgery The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China

Background: Through endovascular therapy of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), the curative effect of embolization and the post-embolic complications are still being debated. This study aims to assess the outcomes, complications and angiographic predictors of curative effects after an initial Onyx-18 embolization for supratentorial brain AVMs (sbAVMs). Methods: The clinical and angiographic characteristics of sbAVM patients presenting with initial embolization at our institutions from 2005 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the angiographic features in patients with and without total occlusion of sbAVMs. Results: In 130 patients with sbAVMs who were initially embolized by Onyx-18, there were 28 complete (21.5%), and 102 non-complete embolizations (78.5%). Non-technical peri-procedural hemorrhage occurred in 5 cases, transient neurological deficit in 13 cases, persistent neurological deficit in 9 cases, and death in one case. There was no significant difference in complications between patients with and without complete embolization. By univariate analyses, small size (≤ 3 cm), single feeding artery, double feeding artery, terminal feeders, single drainage vein, and superficial venous drainage were associated with cure by embolization (P < 0.05). Single drainage vein (P = 0.003) and 1–2 feeding arteries (P = 0.009) were correlated with AVM volume reduction in the multivariate model. Conclusions: Initial Onyx-18 embolization for sbAVMs can achieve satisfactory outcomes. Curative embolization can be achieved in the initial single session with low morbidity, and it is not correlated with complications. A single draining vein and 1–2 arterial feeders could be predictive for curative embolization.

关键词： Embolization Arteriovenous malformations Onyx

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颅外段颈动脉疾病筛查指南美国神经影像学学会多学科实践指南委员会向医疗卫生专业人员的声明血管和介入神经病学学会共同倡议

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中华脑血管病杂志（电子版） 2008年第2期2卷 94-117页

作者： Adnan I. Quresh Andrei V. Alexandrov Charles H. Tegeler Robert W. Hebson Ⅱ J. Dennis Baker L. Nelson Hopkins 陈红兵刘新峰 From the Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Research Center University of Minnescta Minneapolis Minnescta Neurosonology and Stroke Research Program Barrow Neurological Institute Phoenix Arizona department of Neurology Bowman Gray School of Medicine Winston-Salem North Carolina CREST Administrative Center University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Newark New Jersey Division of Vascular surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California department of neurological surgery University at Buffalo State University of New York Buffalo New York 南京军区南京总医院神经内科 210002

这份新声明旨在普通人群和经过选择的患者亚群中针对无症状颈动脉狭窄的筛查提供全面和及时的循证推荐。这些推荐针对下列群体:普通人群中的高危者;接受心脏直视手术(包括冠状动脉旁路术)的患者;外周血管病、腹主动脉瘤和肾动脉狭窄患者... 详细信息

这份新声明旨在普通人群和经过选择的患者亚群中针对无症状颈动脉狭窄的筛查提供全面和及时的循证推荐。这些推荐针对下列群体:普通人群中的高危者;接受心脏直视手术(包括冠状动脉旁路术)的患者;外周血管病、腹主动脉瘤和肾动脉狭窄患者;头颈部恶性肿瘤放射治疗后患者;颈动脉内膜切除术或支架置入术后患者;视网膜缺血综合征患者;晕厥、头昏、眩晕或耳鸣患者;有血管病家族史和高同型半胱氨酸血症的患者。这些推荐是在患病率、预期益处和在经过选择的人群中来自其他专业组织的当前指南做出的。

关键词：颈动脉颈动脉狭窄指南筛查成像多普勒超声

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脑动脉粥样硬化的颅内血管成形和支架置入术美国介入和治疗神经放射学学会、介入放射学学会和美国神经放射学学会的立场声明

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中华脑血管病杂志（电子版） 2008年第2期2卷 118-123页

作者： Randall T. Higashida P.M. Meyers J.J. Connors David Sacks C.M. Strother John D. Barr Joan C. Wojak Gary R. Duckwiler 周志明徐格林刘新峰 From the departments of Radiology Neurology Neurological Surgery and Anesthesiology Neurointerventional Radiology Division university of california San Francisco Medical Center 505 Parnassus Avenue L-352 San Francisco CA 94143-0628 departments of Radiology and neurological surgery Neuroendovascular Service Columbia university Medical Center 710 West 168th Street Rm 404 New York NY 10032 Interventional Neuroradiology Division Baptist Hospital of Miami Miami FL 33176 department of Radiology Reading Hospital and Medical Center West Reading Pennsylvania 19611 department of Radiology and Division of Interventional Neuroradiology Methodist Hospital Houston Texas 77030 Interventional Neuroradiology Baptist Memorial Hospitals Memphis Tennessee 38120 Our Lady of Lourdes Regional Medical Center Lafayette Louisiana 70506 department of Radiology and Division of Endovascular Neuroradiology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 南京军区南京总医院神经内科

在北美、欧洲和亚洲,卒中是第3 位死亡原因和成人残疾的首要病因[1,2].颅内动脉粥样硬化所致的卒中约占所有缺血性卒中的8%～10%,据报道,在亚洲、非洲和西班牙裔人群中这一比例更高[3-5].

关键词：颅内动脉粥样硬化脑动脉粥样硬化神经放射学介入放射学支架置入术美国血管成形学会

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脑动脉粥样硬化的颅内血管成形和支架置入术：美国介入和治疗神经放射学学会、介入放射学学会和美国神经放射学学会的立场声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2008年第1期16卷 3-8页

作者： Randall T. Higashida P.M. Meyers J.J. Connors David Sacks C.M. Strother John D. Barr Joan C. Wojak Gary R. Duckwiler 周志明(译) 徐格林(译) 刘新峰(译) From the departments of Radiology Neurology Neurological Surgeryand Anesthesiology Neurointerventional Radiology Division university of california San Francisco Medical Center 505 Parnassus Avenue L-352 San Francisco CA 94143-0628 departments of Radiology and neurological surgery Neuroendovascular Service Colurnbia university Medical Center 710 West 168th Street Rm 404 New York NY 10032 Interventional Neuroradiology Division Baptist Hospital of Miami Miami FL 33176 department of Radiology Reading Hospital and Medical Center West Read- ing Pennsylvania 19611 department of Radiology and Division of Interven- tional Neuroradiology Methodist Hospital Houston Texas 77030 Interventional Neuroradiology Baptist Memorial Hospitals Memphis Tennessee 38120 Interventional Neuroradiology Our Lady of Lourdes Regional Medical Center Lafayette Louisiana 70506 department of Radiology and Division of Endovascular Neuroradiology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 南京军区南京总医院神经内科 210002

在北美、欧洲和亚洲，卒中是第3位死亡原因和成人残疾的首要病因。颅内动脉粥样硬化所致的卒中约占所有缺血性卒中的8％～10％，据报道，在亚洲、非洲和西班牙裔人群中这一比例更高。其危险因素包括胰岛素依赖性糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、... 详细信息

在北美、欧洲和亚洲，卒中是第3位死亡原因和成人残疾的首要病因。颅内动脉粥样硬化所致的卒中约占所有缺血性卒中的8％～10％，据报道，在亚洲、非洲和西班牙裔人群中这一比例更高。其危险因素包括胰岛素依赖性糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、高血压和吸烟。在美国，估计每年有40000～60000例新发卒中是由于颅内动脉粥样硬化所致。

关键词：颅内动脉粥样硬化脑动脉粥样硬化神经放射学介入放射学支架置入术美国血管成形学会

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神经重症监护患者的液体治疗:ESICM专家共识及临床实践推荐

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国际脑血管病杂志 2019年第2期27卷 84-97页

作者： Mauro Oddo Daniele Poole Raimund Helbok Geert Meyfroidt Nino Stocchetti Pierre Bouzat Maurizio Cecconi Thomas Geeraerts Ignacio-Martin Loeches Herve Quintard Fabio Silvio Taccone Romergryko G. Geocadin Claude Hemphill Carole Ichai David Menon Jean-Francois Payen Anders Perner Martin Smith Jose Suarez Walter Videtta Elisa R. Zanier Giuseppe Citerio 何毅华(译) 常远(译) 王晓蔷(译) 潘速跃(译) department of Medic al-Surgical Intensive Care Medicine Faculty of Biology and Medicine Centre Hospitalier Universitaire VauDOIs (CHUV) Lhiversity of Lausanne Rue du Bugnon 46 B4 08.623 1011 Lausanne Switzerland department of Intensive Care Medicine St James's Lhiversity Hospital James's St Ushers P.O. Box 580 Dublin & Ireland Service de Reanimation Medic o-chirurgic ale Hopital Pasteur 2 UniversiteCote d'Azur CHU de Nice 06000 Nice France Unite CNRS 7275 Sophia-Antipolis France department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital University Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Neurosciences Critical Care Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Neurology and Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins Lhiversity Baltimore MD USA department of Neurology University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA LKA Service de Reanimation Polyvalente Hopital Pasteur 2 CHU de Nice 30 Voie Romaine CS 51069 06001 Nice Cedex 1 France Division of Anaesthesia University of Cambridge Addenbrooke's Ffospital Box 93 Hfills Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB2 2QQ UK department of Intensive Care 4131 Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark department of Neuroanesthesia and Neurocritic al Care The National Ffospital for Neurosurgery and Neurology Lhiversity College London Hospitals London UK Anesthesia and Intensive Care Operative th it S. Martino Hospital Belluno Italy Hospital Nacional Professor Alejandro Posadas Buenos Aires Argentina department of Neurosciences IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacotogiche Mario Negri Milan Italy School of Medicine and surgery University of Milan-Bicocca Milan Italy Neurointensive Care San Gerardo Hospital ASST-Monza 20900 Monza Italy 南方医科大学南方医院神经内科广州510515 neurological Intensive Care Lhit Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria department of Intensive Care Medicine University Hospitals Leuven Louvain Belgium Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit Department of Anesthesia and C

目的发布欧洲重症医学学会(European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, ESICM)关于神经重症监护患者液体治疗的专家共识和临床实践推荐意见。设计在2016年10月召开的ESICM LIVE 2016会议上召集了一个由22名国际专家组成的共识委员会... 详细信息

目的发布欧洲重症医学学会(European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, ESICM)关于神经重症监护患者液体治疗的专家共识和临床实践推荐意见。设计在2016年10月召开的ESICM LIVE 2016会议上召集了一个由22名国际专家组成的共识委员会,随后委员会成员通过电话会议和在线讨论制定本专家共识。方法回顾人群、干预、对比和结局(population, intervention,comparison, and outcomes, PICO)问题,根据需要进行更新并得到证据概要。本共识关注3个主要议题:(1)神经重症监护患者的液体复苏和维持;(2)高渗液体在颅内压控制中的应用;(3)蛛网膜下腔出血后迟发性脑缺血的液体管理。经过广泛的文献检索,应用推荐分级的评估、制订与评价(Gradingof Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, GRADE)系统原则评估证据质量(从高到极低),制定治疗推荐(强或弱),并在适用时发布最佳实践声明。基于文献和专家意见提供的综合证据,应用改良德尔菲方法(使用序贯方法以避免偏倚和误解)产生最终共识声明。结果最终共识包含总共32条声明,其中13条为强推荐,17条为弱推荐,另外2条声明未提供推荐意见。结论我们发布了一份关于神经重症监护患者液体治疗的共识声明和临床实践推荐。

关键词：循证医学指南液体治疗创伤性脑损伤蛛网膜下腔出血脑出血卒中甘露醇高渗神经重症监护

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透皮东莨菪碱贴剂联合昂丹司琼对比单独应用昂丹司琼用于预防门诊手术后恶心呕吐的一项随机双盲多中心研究

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第5期6卷 34-40页

作者： Tong J. Gan, MD Ashish C. Sinha, MD, PhD Anthony L. Kovac, MD R. Kevin Jones, MD, CPI Stephen A.Cohen,MD,MBA Jean P. Battildaa, MS Jonathan S. Deutsch, MD Joseph V. Pergolizzi, Jr., MD] TDS Study Group 王琦(译) 李文志(校) department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina university of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania ＊university of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas Accurate Clinical Trials Inc./Saddleback Memorial Medical Center Laguna Hills California Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts Baxter Healthcare Corporation New Providence New Jersey Departrnent of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland The TDS Study Group consists of the following members: Gregory H. Adkisson (St. Agnes Healthcare Inc. Baltimore MD St. Agnes Healthcare Inc. Clinical Research Center Baltimore MD) I(eith Candiotti(University of Miami School of Medidne Jackson Health Systems Miami FL) Stephen & Cohen(Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston MA) Nell R. Connelly(Baystate Medical Center Springfield MA) Patricia L. Dalby(Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC Pittsburgh PA) Robert D'Angelo(Forsyth Medical Center Winston-Salem NC) Albert R. Davis(Loyola University Medical Center Chicago IL) David 1L Drover (Stanford Hospital and Clinics Stanford CA) Tong J. Gan Fernando Altermatt Dianne Scott(Duke University Medical Center Durham NC Duke Health Raleigh Hospital Raleigh NC and Duke Center for Aesthetic Services Durham NC) Joseph S. Gimbel(AZ Research Center John C. Lincoln Hospital North Mountain and John C. Lincoln Hospital Deer Valley Phoenix AZ)R.Kevin Jones (Saddleback Memorial Medical Center Laguna Hills CA) Anthony L. Kovac(University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas KS) John B. Leslie(Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix AZ) Roberta McI(inney Jr. (Trinity Clinic North Park Mother Frances Hospital and Tyler Square Tyler TX) Tricia A. Meyer ( Scott and White Hospital Temple TX ) Joseph Pergolizzi (Physicians Day Surgery Center Naples FL) Beverly tC Philip (Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA) Martin I. Redmond(State University of New York at Stony Brook Ambulatory Surgica

背景手术后恶心、呕吐（PONV）是门诊手术常见的并发症。本试验目的是观察透皮东莨菪碱贴剂（TDS）联合静脉注射昂丹司琼（OND）对门诊患者PONV的疗效是否优于单独应用昂丹司琼。方法此项随机双盲多中心的临床试验纳入了620例接受门诊... 详细信息

背景手术后恶心、呕吐（PONV）是门诊手术常见的并发症。本试验目的是观察透皮东莨菪碱贴剂（TDS）联合静脉注射昂丹司琼（OND）对门诊患者PONV的疗效是否优于单独应用昂丹司琼。方法此项随机双盲多中心的临床试验纳入了620例接受门诊腹腔镜或隆胸手术的PONV高危女性患者，进入手术室前2小时分别给患者贴上TDS贴剂或外观相同的空白贴剂。在全麻诱导前2—5分钟给所有患者静脉注射OND4mg。手术后24~48小时评估止吐是否完善（彻底止吐标准为无呕吐或干呕，且没有追加止吐药）。同时记录发生呕吐、干呕、恶心以及追加止吐药的患者比例，记录手术后首次发生PONV的时间及离院时间，记录呕吐、干呕、恶心的发作次数与严重程度及患者对于止吐治疗的满意度。结果TDS＋OND组与OND组相比，手术后24小时恶心、呕吐的发生率显著降低，但手术后48小时两者差异无显著性。TDS＋OND组没有呕吐、干呕且未追加过止吐药的患者占48％，而OND组占39％（P〈0．02）。TDS＋OND组的彻底止吐（无恶心、呕吐或干呕，且未追加止吐药）率显著高于OND组（分别为35％和25％，P〈0．01）。TDS＋OND组手术后首次发生恶心、呕吐、干呕及追加止吐药的时间明显晚于OND组（P〈0．05）。前者不良反应的总发生率也低于后者（分别为36．7％和49％，P〈0．01）。结论与单独应用OND相比。TDS＋OND能更大程度地减少PONV，主要是通过减少不良反应而获得。

关键词：手术后恶心呕吐东莨菪碱贴剂多中心研究昂丹司琼门诊手术随机双盲应用单独

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13例神经科住院患者的三重复视分析

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 1-1页

作者： Keane J.R 张磊 department of Neurology University of Southern California Medical School 1200 N State St Los Angeles CA 90033 United States Dr.

Background: Seeing triple is a rare complaint, so anatomically unlikely that it is often considered a diagnostic symptom of hysteria. Objective: To evaluate the complaint of triple vision among a large group of neurological inpatients. Design: Personal case series during a 34- year period. Setting: Neurology and neurosurgery wards of the university of Southern california-Los Angeles County Medical Center. Patients: Thirteen patients who reported seeing objects in triplicate. Results: Eleven of 13 patients had ocular motor findings, including third nerve palsy in 5 patients, internuclear ophthalmoplegia in 4, and sixth nerve palsy in 2. Causes included brainstem infarction in 4 patients; ischemic mononeuropathy, trauma, surgery, and hysteria in 2 patients each; and tumor in 1 patient. Conclusion: Triplopia is a rare complaint that, in a neurology inpatient service, often represents an unusual interpretation of abnormal eye movements.

关键词：眼球运动异常三重脑神经麻痹脑干梗死神经外科病房单侧神经球麻痹南加尼亚

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