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Macular microvascular and structural changes on optical coherence tomography angiography in atypical optic neuritis

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 88-94页

作者： Chinmay Mahatme Madhurima Kaushik Veerappan Rathinasabapathy Saravanan Karthik Kumar Virna M Shah department of General Ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia department of neuro-ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia department of Vitreoretina Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia

BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management *** and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated *** the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural *** To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic *** This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy *** vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using *** There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy *** and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy *** unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected *** comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected *** Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography angiography Atypical optic neuritis Macular microvascular changes neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorder

Adult celiac disease in the elderly

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第45期14卷 6911-6914页

作者： Hugh James Freeman department of Medicine (Gastroentero-logy) University of British Columbia

There is an increased awareness that celiac disease may occur in the elderly although presentations with either diarrhea, weight loss or both may be less common causing delays in diagnosis for prolonged periods. Higher detection rates also seem evident owing to active case screening, largely through serodiagnostic measures. In some elderly patients who are genetically predisposed, it has been hypothesized that celiac disease might be precipitated late in life by an antigen, possibly from an infectious agent. As a result, peptide mimicry or other poorly-defined mechanisms may precipitate an autoimmune gluten-dependent clinical state. Although diarrhea and weight loss occur, only isolated iron deficiency anemia may be present at the time of initial diagnosis. In addition, the risk of other autoimmune disorders, particularly autoimmune thyroiditis, and bone disease, are increased. Osteopenia may also be associated with an increased risk of fractures. Finally, elderly celiacs have an increased risk of malignant intestinal disease, especially lymphoma.

关键词： Celiac disease Elderly Lymphoma Silentceliac disease

Telemedicine and public health–pearls and pitfalls

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 177-179页

作者： Ranjeet Kumar Sinha Sony Sinha Prateek Nishant Arvind Kumar Morya Arshi Singh department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia department of Ophthalmology Guru Nanak Eye CenterNew Delhi 110001India

We hereby comment on the interesting systematic review by Grewal et al where they have provided an overall picture of the current status of available tele-health programs in the United States with emphasis on the Amazon *** analysis is an appreciable effort in discovering the features available and features lacking in these tele-health *** concept of tele-health originated to curtail the need for physical attendance of patients at health clinics,and has been beneficial during the coronavirus disease 2019 *** implore that the pearls and pitfalls of these programs have to be understood by policymakers prior to forming a consensus regarding the availability,accessibility and affordability of these programs as methods of healthcare *** proliferation of tele-health programs in their current form may pose threats to patient and provider safety and medicolegal ***,patients and providers must work together to improve them to meet their expectations and enable them to provide the best care for the ailing public.

关键词： Telemedicine Remote Access Availability Accessibility Affordability Ethics Privacy Medicolegal liability

Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker department of Chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

Iatrogenic amyloid polyneuropathy after domino liver transplantation

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第3期9卷 126-130页

作者： Diana Mnatsakanova Sasa A Zivkovic department of neuro-logy University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA 15213United States

Liver transplantation has been used in treatment of transthyretin amyloidosis, and some patients undergo domino liver transplantation(DLT) with explanted liverbeing transplanted to another patient with liver failure as the liver is otherwise usually functionally normal. Until end of 2015, there were 1154 DLT performed worldwide. DLT for transthyretin amyloidosis is associated with the risk of developing de novo systemic amyloidosis and amyloid neuropathy, and the risk may be greater with some non-Val30 Met mutations. De novo amyloid neuropathy has been described in up to 23% of transplant recipients. neuropathy may be preceded by asymptomatic amyloid deposition in various tissues and symptoms of neuropathy started after a median of 7 years following DLT(5.7 ± 3.2 years; range 2 mo to 10 years). Typical initial symptoms include neuropathic pain and sensory loss, while dysautonomia usually starts later. Progression of neuropathy may necessitate liver re-transplantation, and subsequent improvement of neuropathy has been reported in some patients. Explant allograft recipients need close monitoring for signs of systemic amyloidosis, neuropathy and dysautonomia as progressive symptoms may require re-transplantation.

关键词： Transthyretin Familial amyloid neuropathy Domino liver transplantation Systemic amyloidosis Acquired amyloid neuropathy

Few-shot learning for screening 2D Ga2CoS4-x supported single-atom catalysts for hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 665-673页

作者： Nabil Khossossi Poulumi Dey department of Mechanical Engineering (ME) Delft University of Technology

Hydrogen generation and related energy applications heavily rely on the hydrogen evolution reaction（HER）,which faces challenges of slow kinetics and high *** electrocatalysts,particularly single-atom catalysts （SACs） on two-dimensional （2D） materials,are *** study presents a few-shot machine learning （ML） assisted high-throughput screening of 2D septuple-atomic-layer Ga2CoS4-xsupported SACs to predict HER catalytic ***,density functional theory （DFT）calculations showed that 2D Ga2CoS4is inactive for ***,defective Ga2CoS4-x（x=0–0.25）monolayers exhibit excellent HER activity due to surface sulfur vacancies （SVs）,with predicted overpotentials （0–60 mV） comparable to or lower than commercial Pt/C,which typically exhibits an overpotential of around 50 m V in the acidic electrolyte,when the concentration of surface SV is lower than 8.3%.SVs generate spin-polarized states near the Fermi level,making them effective HER *** demonstrate ML-accelerated HER overpotential predictions for all transition metal SACs on 2D *** DFT data from 18 SACs,an ML model with high prediction accuracy and reduced computation time was *** intrinsic descriptor linking SAC atomic properties to HER overpotential was *** study thus provides a framework for screening SACs on 2D materials,enhancing catalyst design.

关键词： Hydrogen production Electrocatalyst 2D material Density functional theory Machine learning Surface sulfur vacancy

Diagnostic strategies and the incidence of prostate cancer： reasons for the low reported incidence of prostate cancer in China

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 9-13页

作者： Ling Zhang Shan Wu Li-Rong Guo Xue-Jian Zhao department of Pathophysiology Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Centre department of Patho-logy Norman Bethune Medical School Jilin University Changchun 130021 China

We have analysed the reasons for the low reported incidence of prostate cancer in China and argue for early diagnosis and treatment of this disease. According to the 2002 database of the International Agency for Research on Cancer （IARC）, the age-standardized incidence of prostate cancer in China is 1.6/105 person years （PY）, with a mortality rate of 1.0/105 PY and mortality-to-incidence rate ratio （MR/IR） = 0.63. The MR/IR ratio of prostate cancer in China was found to be higher than the average in Asia （MR/IR = 0.57） and much higher than that in North America （MR/IR = 0.13）. These data indicate that in China most prostate cancers were in the advanced stages at the time of diagnosis, and that patients had a short survival time thereafter. In 2004, Stamey et al. reported a retrospective American study of prostate cancer for the years 1983-2003. It was shown that most cases of prostate cancer detected by prostate-specific antigen （PSA） screening were in the advanced stage at the start of this 20-year period. These early follow-up data are quite similar to the results obtained from mass PSA screening of elderly men in Changchun, China. However, after the American programmes for early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer were accepted, tumours were diagnosed at earlier stages. On the basis of these findings, mass screening should be performed in the whole of China using serum PSA to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.

关键词： diagnosis metastasis prostate cancer prostate carcinoma tumour antigen

A Synergistic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Method for Educational Institutions Evaluation Using Similarity Measures of Possibility Pythagorean Fuzzy Hypersoft Sets

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 501-530页

作者： Khuram Ali Khan Saba Mubeen Ishfaq Atiqe Ur Rahman Salwa El-Morsy department of Mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan department of Mathematics College of ScienceQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia

Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be *** concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pPyFHSS)is more flexible in this regard than other theoretical fuzzy set-like models,even though some attempts have been made in the literature to address such *** study investigates the elementary notions of pPyFHSS including its set-theoretic operations union,intersection,complement,OR-and *** results related to these operations are also modified for ***,the similarity measures between pPyFHSSs are formulated with the assistance of numerical examples and ***,an intelligent decision-assisted mechanism is developed with the proposal of a robust algorithm based on similarity measures for solving multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problems.A case study that helps the decision-makers assess the best educational institution is discussed to validate the suggested *** algorithmic results are compared with the most pertinent model to evaluate the adaptability of pPyFHSS,as it generalizes the classical possibility fuzzy set-like theoretical ***,while considering significant evaluating factors,the flexibility of pPyFHSS is observed through structural comparison.

关键词： Hypersoft set Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set computational complexity multi-attribute decision-making optimization similarity measures uncertainty