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Challenges and opportunities in the production of magnesium parts by directed energy deposition processes

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1663-1686页

作者： Gürel Cam Ali Günen Iskenderun technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey Iskenderun technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey

Mg-alloys have gained considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding properties such as lightweight,high specific strength,and corrosion resistance,making them attractive for applications in medical,aerospace,automotive,and other transport ***,their widespread application is hindered by their low formability at room temperature due to limited slip *** Mg-alloys have low mechanical properties due to the presence of casting defects such as porosity and anisotropy in addition to the high *** casting methods benefit from established process optimization techniques for these problems,additive manufacturing methods are increasingly replacing casting methods in Mg alloys as they provide more precise control over the microstructure and allow specific grain orientations,potentially enabling easier optimization of anisotropy properties in certain *** metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology also results in some manufacturing defects such as inhomogeneous microstructural evolution and porosity and additively manufactured Mg alloy parts exhibit lower properties than the wrought parts,they in general exhibit superior properties than the cast ***,MAM is a promising technique to produce Mg alloy *** energy deposition processes,particularly wire arc directed energy deposition(WA-DED),have emerged as an advantageous additive manufacturing(AM)technique for metallic materials including magnesium alloys,offering advantages such as high deposition rates,improved material efficiency,and reduced production costs compared to subtractive ***,the inherent challenges associated with magnesium,such as its high reactivity and susceptibility to oxidation,pose unique hurdles in the application of this *** review paper delves into the progress made in the application of DED technology to Mg-alloys,its challenges,and ***,the predominant imperfections,notably inhomo

关键词： Additive manufacturing DED processes Arc-DED Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) 3-D printing High deposition rate

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Exploration of chromene-based BioAIEgens

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 47-48页

作者： Fritz E.Kühn department of Chemistry&Catalysis Research Center School of Natural Sciences Technical University of Munich

Photoemission efficiency is usually higher in solution than in solid *** compounds however, display a reverse behavior. Such a behavior is called aggregation-induced emission(AIE).

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Relational Turkish Text Classification Using Distant Supervised Entities and Relations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2209-2228页

作者： Halil Ibrahim Okur Kadir Tohma Ahmet Sertbas department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesIskenderun Technical UniversityHatay31200Turkey department of Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIstanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbul34310Turkey

Text classification,by automatically categorizing texts,is one of the foundational elements of natural language processing *** study investigates how text classification performance can be improved through the integration of entity-relation information obtained from the Wikidata(Wikipedia database)database and BERTbased pre-trained Named Entity Recognition(NER)*** on a significant challenge in the field of natural language processing(NLP),the research evaluates the potential of using entity and relational information to extract deeper meaning from *** adopted methodology encompasses a comprehensive approach that includes text preprocessing,entity detection,and the integration of relational *** conducted on text datasets in both Turkish and English assess the performance of various classification algorithms,such as Support Vector Machine,Logistic Regression,Deep Neural Network,and Convolutional Neural *** results indicate that the integration of entity-relation information can significantly enhance algorithmperformance in text classification tasks and offer new perspectives for information extraction and semantic analysis in NLP *** of this work include the utilization of distant supervised entity-relation information in Turkish text classification,the development of a Turkish relational text classification approach,and the creation of a relational *** demonstrating potential performance improvements through the integration of distant supervised entity-relation information into Turkish text classification,this research aims to support the effectiveness of text-based artificial intelligence(AI)***,it makes significant contributions to the development ofmultilingual text classification systems by adding deeper meaning to text content,thereby providing a valuable addition to current NLP studies and setting an important reference point for future research.

关键词： Text classification relation extraction NER distant supervision deep learning machine learning

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A Golden Touch in the Design of Multifunctional Porphyrin Metallacages:Host-Guest Chemistry for Drug-Target Interactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第7期6卷 1662-1671页

作者： Tamara Rodríguez-Prieto Darren Wragg Nicole Heiduk Mihyun Park Nicole Strittmatter Roland A.Fischer Angela Casini Guillermo Moreno-Alcántar Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Professorship for Analytical Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Chair of Inorganic and MetalOrganic Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Munich Data Science Institute(MDSI) Technical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München

The use of three-dimensional self-assembled metallacages(MCgs)as multimodal drug platforms holds great ***,the synthesis of MCgs with increased complexity and functionality is a great challenge since understanding of the interaction of MCgs with biological targets is still *** this context,this work reports on the integration of a gold(III)porphyrin scaffold into a prismatic MCg structure and explores its application for multimodal therapy of cancer in vitro,namely enabling both photodynamic therapy and *** experimental approaches with a state-of-the-art metadynamics theoretical study,we discovered that the gold cage shows unprecedented host-guest interaction-driven selective stabilization of guanine-quadruplex(G4)structures-validated anticancer drug targets-disclosing a new mechanism to pursue in the design of supramolecular drugs.

关键词： gold metallacages porphyrins G4stabili-zation host-guestchemistry anticanceragents

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Enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption via optical fiber-like PMMA@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@SiO_(2) composites with improved impedance matching

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1676-1686页

作者： Huanhuan Niu Xuewen Jiang Wei Li Zhiyu Min Budi Riza Putra Wulan Tri Wahyuni Hailong Wang Rui Zhang Bingbing Fan School of Material Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China department of Materials and Earth sciences Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany School of Material Science and Engineering Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Research Center for Metallurgy National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)PUSPIPTEK Gd.470South TangerangBanten 15315Indonesia Analytical Chemistry Division Department of ChemistryFaculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesIPB UniversityWest Java 16680Indonesia

Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) nanosheets have attracted significant attention for their potential in electromagnetic wave absorption(EWA).However,their inherent self-stacking and exorbitant electrical conductivity inevitably lead to serious impedance mismatch,restricting their EWA ***,the optimization of impedance matching becomes *** this work,we developed polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@SiO_(2) composites with a sandwich-like core–shell structure by coating SiO_(2) on PMMA@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x).The results demonstrate that the superiority of the SiO_(2) layer in combination with PMMA@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),outperforming other relative graded distribution structures and meeting the requirements of EWA *** resulting PMMA@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@SiO_(2) composites achieved a minimum reflection loss of-58.08 dB with a thickness of 1.9 mm,and an effective absorption bandwidth of 2.88 *** analysis revealed that the structural design of SiO_(2) layer not only optimized impedance matching,but also synergistically enhanced multiple loss mechanisms such as interfacial polarization and dipolar ***,this work provides valuable insights for the future preparation of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based composites.

关键词： polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@SiO_(2)composites impedance match SiO_(2)layer optical fiber-like structure interfacial polarization and dipolar polarization

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A native herbaceous community exerts a strong allelopathic effect on the woody range-expander Betula fruticosa

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第4期17卷 131-140页

作者： Lichao Wang Ayub M.O.Oduor Yanjie Liu State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China department of Applied Biology Technical University of KenyaNairobiKenya

Biological invasions by alien and range-expanding native plant species can suppress native plants through ***,the homeland security hypothesis suggests that some native plants can resist invasion by producing allelopathic compounds that inhibit the growth of invasive *** research has focused on allelopathic interactions between individual native and invasive plant species,with less emphasis on how allelopathy helps entire native communities resist ***,limited knowledge exists about allelopathic interactions between range-expanding native species and recipient native communities,and their influence on invasion *** bridge this knowledge gap,we conducted two greenhouse competition experiments to test reciprocal allelopathic effects between a native woody range-expanding species,Betula fruticosa,and a community of four native herbaceous species(Sanguisorba officinalis,Gentiana manshurica,Sium suave and Deyeuxia angustifolia)in *** assessed whether *** and the native community differed in their competitive effects and responses,and whether these were influenced by activated carbon,which neutralizes allelochemicals in the *** carbon reduced the suppressive effects of the native community on the above-ground biomass of ***,which indicates that the native community exerted a strong allelopathic effect on *** contrast,activated carbon only marginally enhanced the suppressive effects of *** on the native community,which indicates that allelopathy is not the primary mechanism by which *** exerts its ***,these findings support the homeland security hypothesis and suggest that biotic resistance from the native herbaceous community may limit the invasion success of the woody range-expander ***.

关键词： allelochemicals competition encroachment global change non-native shrub

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Antibiotic ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous solutions by electrochemically activated persulfate process:Optimization,degradation pathways,and toxicology assessment

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第9期143卷 85-98页

作者： Elif Yakamercan Ahmet Aygün Halis Simsek Environmental Engineering department Bursa Technical UniversityBursaTurkey Agricultural and Biological Engineering department Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

Ciprofloxacin(CIP)is a commonly used antibiotic in the fluoroquinolone group and is widely used in medical and veterinary medicine disciplines to treat bacterial *** CIP is discharged into the sewage system,it cannot be removed by a conventional wastewater treatment plant because of its recalcitrant *** this study,boron-doped diamond anode and persulfate were used to degrade CIP in an aquatic solution by creating an electrochemically activated persulfate(EAP)*** added to the system as a coactivator and the process was called EAP+*** effects of independent variables,including pH,Fe^(2+),persulfate concentration,and electrolysis time on the systemwere optimized using the response surface *** results showed that the EAP+Fe process removed 94%of CIP under the following optimum conditions:A pH of 3,persulfate/Fe^(2+)concentration of 0.4 mmol/L,initial CIP concentration 30 mg/L,and electrolysis time of 12.64 *** removal efficiency was increased from 65.10%to 94.35%by adding Fe^(2+)as a transition *** degradation products,7 pathways,and 78 intermediates of CIP were studied,and three of those intermediates(m/z 298,498,and 505)were *** toxicological analysis based on toxicity estimation software results indicated that some degradation products of CIP were toxic to targeted animals,including fathead minnow,Daphnia magna,Tetrahymena pyriformis,and *** optimumoperation costswere similar in EAP and EAP+Fe processes,approximately 0.54€/m^(3).

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Response surface methodology Electrochemically activated persulfate Electrooxidation

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Synergistic injection of the thermosensitive hydrogel and Bi-based alloy bone cement for orthopaedic repair

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2153-2163页

作者： LIU SiCong LI Lei JIANG ChanYuan WANG QianYu DENG ZhongShan Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China department of Cleft Lip and Palate Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100144China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Low-melting-point alloys have the advantages of good biocompatibility, plasticity, and near-bone mechanical strength, making them suitable as bone defect-filling materials for direct injection into defective bone sites. However, using low-melting-point alloys for orthopedic implants poses the challenge of causing thermal damage to the surrounding bone tissue during injection. In this study, a thermosensitive hydrogel is prepared and synergistically injected into the bone defect site with BiInSn. BiInSn solidifies and releases heat during injection, while the thermosensitive hydrogel absorbs heat and transforms into a gel state,encapsulating BiInSn. Therefore, the surrounding bone tissue is effectively protected from thermal damage. When BiInSn and the thermosensitive hydrogel were injected synergistically, in vitro thermal experiments revealed that the maximum temperature of the surrounding bone tissue reached 42℃. This temperature is below the 47℃ threshold, which causes permanent damage to bone tissues. In vivo experiments demonstrated that rats in the BiInSn-thermosensitive hydrogel group exhibited better recovery at the bone defect sites. These results suggest that the synergistic injection of Bi-based alloy and thermosensitive hydrogel is beneficial in reducing thermal damage to bone tissue, guiding bone tissue growth, and effectively facilitating the repair of bone defects.

关键词： bone defects thermosensitive hydrogel thermal damage to tissue bismuth-based alloy bone cement

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Even-odd layer-dependent multiferroic in freestanding rare-earth orthorhombic perovskite

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 151-157页

作者： Shaowen Xu Fanhao Jia Ning Dai School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China department of Physics College of ScienceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China

Freestanding oxide perovskites possess strong interlayer coupling between adjacent atomic layers,thus exerting a determinative effect on the magnetism and ferroelectricity of these atomic-scale ***,we propose an effective strategy to manipulate magnetism and ferroelectricity in freestanding rare-earth orthorhombic perovskite via modulation of layer *** performing first-principles calculations,an even-odd oscillation is demonstrated in few-layer GdAlO_(3)perovskite(GAP).Specifically,odd-layer systems with charged atomic layers are ferromagnetic polar metals,while even-layer systems are antiferromagnetic ferroelectric *** thickness-dependent magnetic phase transition originates from carrier doping,as rationalized by the Stoner ***,we demonstrate the promotion of in-plane ferroelectricity via the concurrent application of two distinct antiferrodistortive displacements,each driven by formation and breaking of *** multiferroic phases may emerge in other transition metal oxide perovskites supporting multiple valence states,e.g.,few-layer Gd MO_(3)(M=V,Cr,Mn,and Ni).This work puts forward a strategy for layer thickness engineering of magnetism and ferroelectricity in 2D oxide perovskite multiferroic materials.

关键词： few-layer rare-earth perovskite multiferroicity size effect first principles calculations

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The Nano Research Young Innovators Awards in bio-inspired nanomaterials

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 417-425页

作者： Jun Chen Shuotao Wang department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)Awards are designed to acknowledge and celebrate the achievements of young researchers under 45 years of *** individuals have made significant contributions to the field of nanoscience and *** the inaugural NR45 Awards in 2018,the journal's editorial board has recognized over a hundred innovators specializing in nanobiotechnology,nano energy,two-dimensional materials,and *** focus of the 2023 NR45 Awards is on bioinspired nanomaterials,acknowledging thirty-three outstanding young innovators for their extraordinary contributions in developing these materials with applications spanning clean energy,human healthcare,monitoring,and disease treatments,as shown in *** extend our heartfelt congratulations to all the 33 NR45 Awardees in 2023!

关键词： journal materials contributions

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