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Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian Basalts in the Central Lhasa Subterrane, Southern Tibet: Implications for the Evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 955-968页

作者： MA Wang LIU Yingchao YANG Zhusen Jan-Marten HUIZENGA LI Zhenqing YUE Longlong ZHAO Sibo School of Earth Sciences and resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Geology Sinoprobe LaboratoryChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and natural resource management Norwegian University of Life SciencesNO-1432ÅsNorway Economic Geology Research Centre(EGRU) College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueensland 4811Australia department of Geology University of JohannesburgAuckland Park 2006South Africa

Basalts from the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian are extensively developed in the central Lhasa subterrane, southern Tibet. Studying the petrogenesis of these rocks may have implications for the late Paleozoic arc magmatism along the central Lhasa subterrane uncovering more of the evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean and its dynamic mechanism. Basalt samples from the Luobadui Formation in the Leqingla area, NW of Linzhou City in the central Lhasa subterrane, southern Tibet exhibit arc-like geochemical signatures in a subduction-zone tectonic setting characterized by high Al_(2)O_(3) and low TiO_(2) contents, fractionated REE patterns with low Nb/La ratios and high LREE concentrations, and negative HFSE anomalies. Based on their higher Th/Ce, Nb/Zr, and lower Ba/Th, Pb/Nd ratios, slightly negative to positive ε_(Nd)(t) values, and the relatively high Sr-Pb isotopic compositions, these samples were probably derived from partial melting of a depleted mantle source of garnet + spinel lherzolite, metasomatized by subducted sediments around 297 Ma. Modeling of the trace elements indicates that these basalts experienced fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene and minor plagioclase during magma ascent and eruption. It is proposed that these Late Carboniferous–Early Permian basalts are associated with the northward subduction of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean seafloor along the southern margin of the central Lhasa subterrane.

关键词： geochemistry northward subduction Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean Lhasa terrane Tibet

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Effects of the urban landscape on heatwave-mortality associations in Hong Kong: comparison of different heatwave definitions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 145-156页

作者： Jinglu Song Yi Lu Thomas Fischer Kejia Hu department of Urban Planning and Design Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Environmental Assessment and management Research Centre School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L35TRUK Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and management Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom 31750South Africa Institute of Big Data in Health Science School of Public HealthZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China

Despite increased attention given to potential modifiers of temperature-mortality associations, evidence for variations between different urban landscape characteristics remains limited. It is in this context that in this paper effect modifications of multiple urban landscape characteristics are explored under different heatwave definitions for different age groups and gender in Hong Kong, China. Daily meteorological data and heatwave-related mortality counts from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the Hong Kong Census and Statistics department, China. A case-only design was adopted, combined with logistic regression models to examine the modification effects of five urban landscape characteristics under six heatwave definitions. Stratified analyses were conducted to investigate age- and gender-specific effect modifications. It is found that individuals living in greener areas experienced lower levels of mortality during or immediately after heatwaves. In contrast, a higher building density and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) were associated with a higher heatwave-related mortality risk. Pronounced effect modifications of these urban landscape characteristics were observed under hotter and longer heatwaves, and in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) and males. The findings provide a scientific basis for policymakers and practitioners when considering measures for coping with hotter, longer, and more frequent heatwaves in the context of global climate change.

关键词： Urban landscape Heatwave Mortality Effect modification Intra-urban differences Health risk reduction

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Spatial Heterogeneity of Embedded Water Consumption from the Perspective of Virtual Water Surplus and Deficit in the Yellow River Basin,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 311-326页

作者： MA Weijing LI Xiangjie KOU Jingwen LI Chengyi College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Economics and management Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Virtual water trade(VWT)provides a new perspective for alleviating water crisis and has thus attracted widespread ***,the heterogeneity of virtual water trade inside and outside the river basin and its influencing factors remains further *** this study,for better investigating the pattern and heterogeneity of virtual water trade inside and outside provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin in 2015 using the input-output model(MRIO),we proposed two new concepts,i.e.,virtual water surplus and virtual water deficit,and then used the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)model to identify the inherent mechanism of the imbalance of virtual water trade between provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin and the other four regions in *** results show that:1)in provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin,the less developed the economy was,the larger the contribution of the agricultural sector in virtual water trade,while the smaller the contribution of the industrial sector.2)Due to the large output of agricultural products,the upstream and midstream provincial regions of the Yellow River Basin had a virtual water surplus,with a net outflow of virtual water of 2.7×10^(8) m^(3) and 0.9×10^(8) m^(3),respectively.3)provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin were in a virtual water deficit with the rest of China,and the decisive factor was the active degree of trade with the *** study would be beneficial to illuminate the trade-related water use issues in provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin,which has farreaching practical signific-ance for alleviating water scarcity.

关键词： virtual water trade(VWT) input-output model(MRIO) virtual water surplus virtual water deficit Yellow River Basin,China

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Noscapine shows antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7,its clinical isolate Pf140/SS,and Plasmodium berghei ANKA

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 350-358页

作者： Swaraj Kumar Babu Sameer Maharana Satyaranjan Chhatria Dibya Ranjan Sahoo Ashirbad Nanda Satish Kanhar Prativa KBehera Sanjib Mohanty Pradeep Kumar Naik Praveen Kishore Sahu Centre of Excellence in natural Products and Therapeutics Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsSambalpur UniversityJyoti ViharSambalpur OdishaIndia department of Molecular Biology and Infectious Diseases Community Welfare Society HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia Molecular&Immunology Laboratory Infectious Disease Biology UnitIspat General HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia department of Pharmacy Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Objective:To evaluate the antimalarial activity of noscapine against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain(Pf3D7),its clinical isolate(Pf140/SS),and Plasmodium berghei ANKA(PbA).Methods:Using ring-stage survival assay,phenotypic assessments,and SYBR-green-based fluorescence assay,the antimalarial activities of noscapine were assessed compared with dihydroartemisinin(DHA)in in vivo and in vitro *** addition,hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests were carried out to evaluate its ***-PCR assay was also conducted to determine the effect of noscapine on papain-like cysteine protease Plasmodium falciparum falcipain-2(PfFP-2).Results:The antimalarial efficacy of noscapine against Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS was comparable to DHA,with IC50 values of(7.68±0.88)and(5.57±0.74)nM/mL,respectively,and>95%inhibition of PbA infected *** also showed a safe profile,as evidenced by low hemolysis and cytotoxicity even at high ***,PfFP-2 expression was significantly inhibited in both noscapine-treated Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS(P<0.01).Conclusions:Noscapine has antimalarial properties comparable to standard antimalarial DHA with better safety profiles,which may be further explored as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of malaria.

关键词： Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium berghei Noscapine Antimalarial Dihydroartemisinin Cytotoxicity Falcipain-2

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Economic significance and environmental impacts of the Song Dam Drinking Water Project(SDDWP)in Garhwal Himalaya

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 140-152页

作者： Vishwambhar Prasad SATI department of Geography and resource management Mizoram UniversityAizawl796004India Impact Policy Research Institute New Delhi110017India

With the population growth through natural growth and migration,coupled with the city expansion,it is the fact that Dehradun City in India faces severe water ***,the Song Dam Drinking Water Project(SDDWP)is proposed to provide ample drinking water to Dehradun City and its suburban *** paper examined economic significance and environmental impacts of the SDDWP in Garhwal Himalaya,*** conduct this study,we collected data from both primary and secondary *** are 12 villages and 3 forest divisions in the surrounding areas of the proposed dam project,of which 3 villages will be fully submerged and 50 households will be *** this study,50 heads of the households were interviewed in the 3 submerged *** questions mainly focused on economic significance,environmental impacts,and rehabilitation issues of the dam *** findings of this study indicate that economic significance of the dam project is substantial,including providing ample water for drinking and irrigation,contributing to groundwater recharge,creating job opportunities,and promoting the development of tourism and fisheries in the Doon *** terms of the rehabilitation of the affected people,there are only 50 households in need of ***,the arable land of these affected people is not sufficient to sustain their *** entire landscape is fragile,rugged,and precipitous;therefore,the affected people are willing to rehabilitate to more suitable areas in the Doon ***,it is essential to provide them with sufficient compensation packages including the compensation of arable land,houses,cash,common property resources,institutions,belongingness,and cultural *** the other hand,the proposed dam project will have adverse environmental impacts including arable land degradation,forest degradation,loss of fauna and flora,soil erosion,landslides,and soil *** impacts will lead to the ecological imbalances in

关键词： Water scarcity Rehabilitation issues Song Dam Drinking Water Project(SDDWP) Dehradun City Song River Basin

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The Impact of the Energy Transition and Sustainable Development Goals on Mineral resource Availability in Africa

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第7期15卷 149-185页

作者： Benjamin Kolie Ayman Elshkaki Geoffrey Sunahara Institute of Geographic Sciences and natural resources Research Chinese Academic of Science Beijing China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for resource and Environment Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing China department of natural resource Sciences McGill University Macdonald Campus Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue Canada

Understanding and predicting the impact of the global energy transition and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on global mineral demand and African supply is challenging. This study uses a resource nexus approach to investigate and analyze the impact of this transition on energy and water demand and CO2 emissions using three annual material demand scenarios. The results indicate that African mining will consume more energy by 2050, leading to an increase in cumulative demand for energy (from 98 to 14,577 TWh) and water (from 15,013 to 223,000 million m3), as well as CO2 emissions (1318 and 19,561 Gg CO2e). In contrast, only a modest increase in energy demand (207 TWh) will be required by 2050 to achieve the SDGs. Therefore, the African mining industry should reduce its energy consumption and invest more in the renewable energy sector to support the global energy transition.

关键词： Mineral-Energy Nexus Climate Change SDGs African Mining Industries Energy Transition

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Evaluating the Impacts of Human Activities on Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Large Mammals in Nimule National Park, South Sudan

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第5期14卷 483-507页

作者： Abdallah Gordon Shazali Joseph Mayindo Mayele Joel Emmanuel Saburi Jubara Nadlin department of Wildlife College of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Juba Juba South Sudan department of Environment and natural resources School of Forestry Environmental and Geographical Sciences College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda department of Forestry College of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Juba Juba South Sudan department of Agricultural and resource Economics The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Globally, human activities have a significant impact on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of large mammals in Protected Areas (PAs). These disturbances increase human pressure on biodiversity and species habitats, highlighting the need for conservation. This study aimed to assess the abundance and distribution of large mammals in different habitat types within Nimule National Park (NNP) and understand the impacts of human activities on them. Data on the abundance and distribution of large mammals and their respective habitat types were collected through line transect surveys. Human activity signs were observed and recorded along the transect lines. To estimate the impacts of human activities on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of large mammal species, as well as to identify any significant differences between them and their habitat types, the study utilized the Kruskal Wallis test, Polynomial multiple regressions, and diversity indices. The findings from the Shannon-Weiner and Simpson indices indicated that large mammal species were more diverse inside the park (H’ = 1.136;D = 0.570) compared to the buffer zone (H’ = 0.413;D = 0.171), with 85% (443 out of 510 samples) recorded within Nimule National Park. The species abundance showed a semi-balanced status (0.58). The diversity results among different habitat types revealed that large mammals were more diverse and highly distributed in both open woodlands (244) and dense woodlands (192), while riverine vegetation had the lowest diversity (8). Statistical tests demonstrated a highly significant difference at a 99% confidence interval (p-value = 0.01) between habitat types and identified species of large mammals. Additionally, the results highlighted the high abundance of Uganda kob (274), baboons (141), and warthog (57) across most habitat types, accounting for at least 75% of their distribution. The most prevalent human activities observed were cattle footprints (27%) and cattle dung (14%). Human

关键词： Diversity of Large Mammals Abundance and Distribution Impacts Biodiversity Conservation Human Activities Nimule National Park South Sudan

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A universal and ultrafast method for fabricating a library of nanocellulose-supported metal nanoparticles

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Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 389-395页

作者： Ziyi Luo Xiaoyang Wang Baihua Cui Hao Luo Tao Zhang Jia Ding Yanan Chen Yida Deng Wenbin Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University department of Chemistry National University of Singapore State Key Laboratory of Marine resource Utilization in South China Sea School of Materials Science and Engineering Hainan University

Using nanocatalysts to catalyze water electrolysis for hydrogen production is an ideal solution to address the energy *** most well-adopted fabrication methods for nanocatalysts are tube furnace annealing,Hydrothermal method,etc.,hardly satisfying the trade-off among coarsening,dispersity,and particle size due to mutual ***,a universal,ultrafast and facile cellulose nanometer whiskers-high temperature shock（CNWHTS） method was reported for fabricating a library of ultrafine metal nanoparticles with uniform dispersion and narrow size *** metal-anchor functional groups in CNW（i.e.,-OH and-COOH） and the characteristics of the HTS method for ultrafast heating and powerful quenching synergistically contribute to the successful synthesis of metal *** an initial demonstration,the as-prepared Pt nanocatalyst(η10 mA cm-2=51.8 mV) shows more excellent catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction（HER） performance than the Pt catalyst prepared in the tubular furnace(η10 mA cm-2=169.4 mV).This rapid and universal CNW-HTS method can pave the way for nanomanufacturing to produce high-quality metal nanoparticles,thereby expanding applications of energy conversion and electrocatalysis.

关键词： Electrocatalysis High-temperature shock Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) Nanocellulose Nanomanufacturing Nanoparticles

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Research progress on metal-organic framework compounds(MOFs)in electrocatalysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 261-276页

作者： Yutong Guo Shunzheng Zhao Xiaolong Tang Honghong Yi department of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Energy and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants Beijing 100083China

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have favorable characteristics such as large specific surface area,high porosity,structural diversity,and pore surface modification,giving them great potential for development and attractive prospects in the research area of modern materials ***,unsatisfactory catalytic activity and poor electronic conductivity are the main challenges facing *** review focuses on MOF-based materials used in electrocatalysis,based on the types of catalytic reactions that have used MOF-based materials in recent years along with their applications,and also looks at some new electrocatalytic materials and their future development prospects.

关键词： Metal-organic frame compounds Electrocatalysis Oxidation-reduction Nitrogen fixation to synthesize ammonia Carbon dioxide reduction

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Review and Analysis: Evaluation of the Impacts and Consequences of Using Agricultural Herbicides as Military Chemical Weapons in Second Indochina War

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第8期14卷 471-498页

作者： David R. Speidel Kenneth R. Olson USDA resource Conservationist and Agricultural Consultant with natural resource Conservation Service and Foreign Agricultural Service Benton Missouri USA College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA

The legacy of the human misery caused by the application of the herbicides including Agent Purple and Agent Orange contaminated with unknown amounts of dioxin TCDD and Agent Blue, the arsenic-based herbicide, sprayed over the jungles, rice fields, and hamlets of Vietnam is still haunting us today. Why did this happen? Could it have been prevented? Was it necessary United States military strategy? Was it an intentional decision to inflict this blight on the enemy soldiers and the Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Laotian civilians, to poison their land and cause generations of harm? Alternatively, was it an unpreventable accident in the march of military history? What patterns in the U.S. government’s thought process could be identified as the cause, which led to the decision to use these herbicides as tactical chemical weapons? If the introduction of herbicide (chemical) weapons had not been made, would the outcome of the Vietnam War and the Secret Wars in Laos and Cambodia have been any different? The objective of this treatise is to outline the role of world events and backgrounds and the role of the leaders, U.S. military, CIA, USDA, U.S. State department, the U.S. President appointed Ambassadors to Vietnam and Laos, chemical companies, and President Diệm’s Republic of Vietnam (RVN) government and military. Their collective advice led to the decision to use herbicides as military and environmental chemical weapons in the Second Indochina War. Were the National interests achieved by U.S. military strategy in the RVN using herbicide weapons worth the long-term environmental and human health consequences in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos? Did it impact the outcome of the Second Indochina War?

关键词： Second Indochina War Cambodia Laos South Vietnam Vietnam War Tactical Herbicides Agent Blue Agent Orange Agent Purple Dioxin TCDD Arsenic

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