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Mechanisms of inclusion-induced pitting of stainless steels:A review

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 143-156页

作者： Yangting Sun Xin Tan Rulei Lan Guoyong Ran Jin Li Yiming Jiang department of Materials science State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Pitting is a common type of localized corrosion in passive alloys that can cause rapid failure of material or *** the case of stainless steels,non-metallic inclusions have been identified as the most susceptible sites for pitting,and have therefore garnered significant *** review critically ex-amines the issue of how inclusions induce pitting,with a particular focus on three mechanisms:sponta-neous dissolution of inclusions,active dissolution of Cr-depleted regions,and propagation of microcracks at the inclusion-matrix *** researchers have made significant strides in understanding these mechanisms over the past few decades,many gaps and controversies *** such as the ini-tial driving force of inclusion dissolution and factors affecting Cr-depleted regions require further ***,some old concepts and methods need to be revised to arrive at more credible *** review aims to delve deeply into these important issues and provide inspiration for future research.

关键词： Pitting Inclusion Stainless steel Localized corrosion MnS

Understanding of the structural evolution of catalysts and identification of active species during CO_(2) conversion

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 17-30页

作者： Li Li Fanpeng Chen Bohang Zhao Yifu Yu department of Chemistry School of ScienceInstitute of Molecular PlusTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Converting CO_(2) into value-added chemicals and fuels through various catalytic methods to lower the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration has been developed to be a crucial means to alleviate the energy shortage and ameliorate the ever-fragile environment status. However, the complexity of the CO_(2) conversion reaction and the strong reduction conditions lead to the inevitable structural evolution, making it difficult for the prior design of suitable catalytic materials. Herein, to guide the rational design of efficient catalysts,we will be centered on the thermal, electro, and photo-induced structural evolution and active species identification during the CO_(2) conversion, including the in situ/operando characterization techniques monitoring the activation, steady, and deactivation stage of the catalysts as well as the inherent restructuring mechanism towards active species. Besides, the future challenges and opportunities on the merits of combining the structural evolution with the adsorbed intermediates recognized by ultra-fast spectroscopic techniques, simultaneously, the combination of theoretical simulation and the results of in situ experiments will also be addressed. This review can not only guide the identification of real active species, but also provide an approach to design the specific active species towards CO_(2) conversion, rather than only focusing on activity, for the purpose of practical industrial application.

关键词： CO_(2) Structural evolution Active species In situ Operando

RACK1A promotes hypocotyl elongation by scaffolding light signaling components in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 956-972页

作者： Yajuan Fu Wei Zhu Yeling Zhou Yujing Su Zhiyong Li Dayan Zhang Dong Zhang Jinyu Shen Jiansheng Liang Key Laboratory of molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesInstitute of Plant and Food SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Plants deploy versatile scaffold proteins to intricately modulate complex cell *** these,RACK1A(Receptors for Activated C Kinase 1A)stands out as a multifaceted scaffold protein functioning as a central integrative hub for diverse signaling ***,the precise mechanisms by which RACK1A orchestrates signal transduction to optimize seedling development remain largely ***,we demonstrate that RACK1A facilitates hypocotyl elongation by functioning as a flexible platform that connects multiple key components of light signaling ***1A interacts with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR(PIF)3,enhances PIF3 binding to the promoter of BBX11 and down-regulates its ***,RACK1A associates with ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5)to repress HY5 biochemical activity toward target genes,ultimately contributing to hypocotyl *** darkness,RACK1A is targeted by CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC(COP)1 upon phosphorylation and subjected to COP1-mediated degradation via the 26 S proteasome *** findings provide new insights into how plants utilize scaffold proteins to regulate hypocotyl elongation,ensuring proper skoto-and photo-morphogenic development.

关键词： Arabidopsis hypocotyl development light signaling components RACK1 scaffoldprotein

Phosphorylation of ZmAL14 by ZmSnRK2.2 regulates drought resistance through derepressing ZmROP8 expression

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1334-1350页

作者： Yalin Wang Jinkui Cheng Yazhen Guo Zhen Li Shuhua Yang Yu Wang Zhizhong Gong State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of life sciences Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Drought stress has negative effects on crop growth and *** of transcription factors that regulate the expression of drought-responsive genes is critical for understanding the transcriptional regulatory networks in response to drought,which facilitates the improvement of crop drought ***,we identified an Alfin-like(AL)family gene ZmAL14 that negatively regulates drought *** of ZmAL14 exhibits susceptibility to drought while mutation of ZmAL14 enhances drought *** abscisic acid(ABA)-activated protein kinase ZmSnRK2.2 interacts and phosphorylates ZmAL14 at T38 *** of ZmSnRK2.2 gene decreases drought resistance of maize.A dehydration-induced Rho-like small guanosine triphosphatase gene ZmROP8 is directly targeted and repressed by *** of ZmAL14 by ZmSnRK2.2 prevents its binding to the ZmROP8 promoter,thereby releasing the repression of ZmROP8 *** of ZmROP8 stimulates peroxidase activity and reduces hydrogen peroxide accumulation after drought ***,our study indicates that ZmAL14 is a negative regulator of drought resistance,which can be phosphorylated by ZmSnRK2.2 through the ABA signaling pathway,thus preventing its suppression on ZmROP8 transcription during drought stress response.

关键词： ZmAL14 drought tolerance transcription factor maize

Regulation of aging by NELF-A and RNA polymerase Ⅱ elongation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1415-1416页

作者： Chin-Tong Ong Zhen-Kai Ngian Temasek life sciences Laboratory and department of Biological sciences National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore department of Genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of molecular and Cell Biology Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingaporeSingapore

Epigenetic regulation of aging:Aging is defined as the gradual decline of physiological function and cellular integrity,causing o rganismal vulnerability to age-onset diseases and *** in different animal models have l... 详细信息

关键词： aging twelve integrity

3D genome structural variations play important roles in regulating seed oil content of Brassica napus

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 101-115页

作者： Libin Zhang Lin Liu Huaixin Li Jianjie He Hongbo Chao Shuxiang Yan Yontai Yin Weiguo Zhao Maoteng Li College of life science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan Frasergen Bioinformatics Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430075China Key Laboratory of molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key LaboratoryWuhan 430074China

Dissecting the complex regulatory mechanism of seed oil content(SOC)is one of the main research goals in Brassica *** evidence suggests that genome architecture is linked to multiple biological ***,the effect of genome architecture on SOC regulation remains ***,we used high-throughput chromatin conformation capture to characterize differences in the three-dimen-sional(3D)landscape of genome architecture of seeds from two *** lines,N53-2(with high SOC)and Ken-C8(with low SOC).Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that differentially accessible regions and differentially expressed genes between N53-2 and Ken-C8 were preferentially enriched in regions with quantitative trait loci(QTLs)/associated genomic regions(AGRs)for SOC.A multi-omics analysis demonstrated that expression of SOC-related genes was tightly correlated with genome structural varia-tions in QTLs/AGRs of *** candidate gene BnaA09g48250D,which showed structural variation in a QTL/AGR on chrA09,was identified byfine-mapping of a KN double-haploid population derived from hybridization of N53-2 and *** and knockout of BnaA09g48250D led to significant in-creases and decreases in SOC,respectively,in the transgenic *** together,our results reveal the 3D genome architecture of *** seeds and the roles of genome structural variations in SOC regulation,enriching our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of SOC regulation from the perspective of spatial chromatin structure.

关键词： Brassica napus seed oil content Hi-C QTLfine-mapping genome structural variation

Heterocatalytic ethylene methoxycarbonylation via a pseudo-hydride pathway over Pt_(1)/MoS_(2)

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science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2427-2428页

作者： Bo-Hang Zhao Bin Zhang Institute of molecular Plus Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Ethylene (C2H4) methoxycarbonylation (EMC) with CO and methanol (CH3OH) to methyl propanoate (MP) is industrially important due to its 100% atom efficiency [1].However, the heavy reliance on homogeneous Pd-based catalysts and strong acid media over commercial EMC processes still causes economic and environmental concerns [2]. At present, supported single-atom catalysts (SACs) can serve as bridges for accessing homogeneous catalysts in traditional heterogeneous catalytic processes.

关键词： processes. catalytic hydride

Superatom-assembled boranes,carboranes,and low-dimensional boron nanomaterials based on aromatic icosahedral B_(12)and C_(2)B_(10)

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6734-6740页

作者： Qiao-Qiao Yan Yan-Fang Wei Qiang Chen Yue-Wen Mu Si-Dian Li Institute of molecular science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Using the experimentally known aromatic icosahedral superatoms I_(h)B_(12)H_(12)2−and D_(5d)1,12-C_(2)B_(10)H_(12)as building blocks and based on extensive density functional theory calculations,we predict herein a series of core–shell superpolyhedral boranes and carboranes in a bottom-up approach,including the high-symmetry Th B_(12)@B_(152)H_(72)2−(2),C2h C_(2)B_(10)@B_(152)H_(72)(3),D_(3d)B_(12)@B_(144)H_(66)(4),I_(h)B_(12)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)2−(6),and D_(5d)C_(2)B_(10)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)(7).More interestingly,the superatom-assembled linear D2h B_(36)H_(32)^(2−)(8),close-packed planar D_(3d)B_(84)H_(60)^(2−)(10),and nearly close-packed core−shell D_(3d)B_(12)@B144H_(6)6(4)can be extended periodically to form the one-dimensional(1D)α-rhombohedral borane nanowire B_(12)H_(10)(Pmmm)(9),two-dimensional(2D)α-rhombohedral monolayer borophane B_(12)H_(6)(P m1)(11),and the experimentally known three-dimensional(3D)α-rhombohedral boron(R m)(12)which can be viewed as an assembly of the monolayer B_(12)H_(6)(11)staggered in vertical direction,setting up a bottom-up strategy to form low-dimensional boron-based nanomaterials from their borane“seeds”via partial or complete *** bonding analyses indicate that the high stability of these nanostructures originates from the spherical aromaticity of their icosahedral B_(12)or C_(2)B_(10)structural units which possess the universal skeleton electronic configuration of 1S21P61D101F8 following the Wade’s n+1 *** infrared(IR)and Raman spectra of the most-concerned neutral B_(12)@B144H_(6)6(4)and C_(2)B_(10)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)(7)are computationally simulated to facilitate their experimental characterizations.

关键词： superatom-assembling bottom-up approach density functional theory superpolyhedral boranes superpolyhedral carboranes borophanes

Enhancement of porcine in vitro embryonic development through luteolin‑mediated activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 600-613页

作者： Se-Been Jeon Pil-Soo Jeong Min Ju Kim Hyo-Gu Kang Bong-Seok Song Sun-Uk Kim Seong-Keun Cho Bo-Woong Sim Futuristic Animal Resource&Research Center(FARRC) Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB)Cheongju 28116Republic of Korea department of Animal science College of Natural Resources&Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea department of Animal science and Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Life ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea department of Functional Genomics University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea department of Animal science Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute(RICRI)College of Natural Resources&Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea

Background Oxidative stress,caused by an imbalance in the production and elimination of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),has been recognized for its detrimental effects on mammalian embryonic ***(Lut)has been documented for its protective effects against oxidative stress in various ***,its specific role in embryonic development remains *** study aims to investigate the influence of Lut on porcine embryonic development and to elucidate the underlying *** After undergoing parthenogenetic activation(PA)or in vitro fertilization,embryos supplemented with 0.5μmol/L Lut displayed a significant enhancement in cleavage and blastocyst formation rates,with an increase in total cell numbers and a decrease in the apoptosis rate compared to the *** on D2 and D6 revealed that embryos with Lut supplementation had lower ROS levels and higher glutathione levels compared to the ***,Lut supplementation significantly augmented mitochondrial content and membrane ***,activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway was observed in embryos supplemented with Lut,leading to the upregulation of antioxidant-related gene transcription *** further validate the relationship between the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and effects of Lut in porcine embryonic development,we cultured PA embryos in a medium supplemented with brusatol,with or without the inclusion of *** positive effects of Lut on developmental competence were negated by brusatol *** Our findings indicate that Lut-mediated activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway contributes to the enhanced production of porcine embryos with high developmental competence,and offers insight into the mechanisms regulating early embryonic development.

关键词： Luteolin Mitochondrial function Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway Oxidative stress Porcine embryo development