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Screening of Rodents from Rural Communities of lagos and Ogun State Nigeria of Lassa Virus RNA

Open Journal of Medical microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 120-130页

作者： Fatai Sarafa Emmanuel Tochukwu Onyeje Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu Olumuyiwa Babalola Salu Rosemary Ajuma Audu Sunday Aremu Omilabu department of Medical microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human Virology and Genomics Research Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology Central Research Laboratory and Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

Background: In recent times, there has been an increase in the number of Lassa fever cases resulting from the several episodes of Lassa fever epidemics ravaging Nigeria and other West African countries. The presence of Lassa virus in rodents other than the major reservoir (Mastomys natalensis) has been a public health concern as to the actual burden of the disease. It is therefore of a public health necessity to explore the LASV RNA habouring potential of several species of rodents in endemic as well as non-endemic areas for proper prevention of emergence of outbreaks in non-endemic areas. Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect the presence of LASV RNA in different species of rodents in Ikorodu, lagos state and Abeokuta, Ogun state. Methods: A total of ninety one (91) rodents were captured from Ikorodu, lagos State (61 rodents) and Abeokuta, Ogun State (30 rodents), euthanized, bled, and plasma obtained for the detection of LASV RNA by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: A total of 91 rodents consisting of 77 Rattus rattus and 14 Crocidura spp. The S segment of LASV RNA was not in any of the 91 rodents’ plasma samples. Conclusion: The rodents captured within the rural communities of Ikorodu, lagos State and Abeokuta, Ogun State were found not to habour the LASV RNA. This study is limited by the relatively small sample size. Similar studies should be encouraged both in endemic and non-endemic areas in order to understand the actual burden of Lassa fever as well as put into check future epidemics.

关键词： Lassa Virus Lassa Fever Mastomys natalensis Transmission lagos State Ogun State

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Highlighting relationships between sand thicknesses,reservoir-seal pairs and paleobathymetry from a sequence stratigraphic perspective:An example from Tortonian Serravallian deposits,onshore Niger Delta Basin

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 12-23页

作者： Ifeanyichukwu S.Obi K.Mosto Onuoha Chidozie I.Princeton Dim Mobil Producing Nigeria UnlimitedLagosNigeria department of Geology University of NigeriaNsukkaEnugu StateNigeria

The utilization of sequence stratigraphic concepts in identifying sands and their spatial continuity in distinct gross depositional settings is key,especially in frontier settings where data paucity is a common *** the Baka field,onshore Niger Delta,detailed reservoir correlation guided by sequence stratigraphic framework analysis showed the distribution of sand and shale units constituting reservoirseal pairs(RSP)correlatable across the *** the 3rd-order packages,it is observed that the lowstand systems tract(LST)and highstand systems tract(HST)contain more RSPs and thicker 4th-and 5th-order sands than the transgressive systems tract(TST).In terms of bathymetry,it is noted that irrespective of systems tracts,the RSP Index(RI)decreases from the proximal shallow/inner shelf settings to the more distal outer shelf *** all three systems tracts,intervals interpreted as lowstand prograding complexes contain the best developed sands and highest *** development within the LSTs has been controlled by a pronounced growth fault regime accompanied by high subsidence and sedimentation *** is linked to the basinward migration of the sands during prolonged sea-level fall,creating significant accommodation space for sand *** the other hand,the TSTs known to mark periods of progressive sea-level rise and landward migration of sandy facies,show thinner sands enclosed in much thicker,laterally extensive,and better-preserved deeper marine *** seismic sections indicate intense growth faulting and channelization that influenced the syn-and postdepositional development of the sand packages across the *** initial timing of deformation of subregional faults in this area coincides with periods of abrupt falls in sea *** approach could be useful for predicting sand-prone areas in frontier fields as well as possible reservoir-seal parameters required for some aspects of petroleum system analysis and quick-look volum

关键词： Reservoir-seal pairs(RSP) Systems tract Coastal swamp depobelt Bathymetry Sequence stratigraphy Niger Delta Basin

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Flow and Heat Transfer of a Dusty Williamson MHD Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Cylinder in a Porous Medium

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2024年第2期14卷 100-122页

作者： Oluranti Adejoke Adekanmbi-Akinseye Olugbenga John Fenuga Hamzat Afe Isede Musibau Gbeminiyi Sobamowo department of Mathematics University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria department of Mechanical Engineering University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

This study investigates the flow and heat transfer of dusty Williamson (MHD) Nanofluid flow over a stretching permeable cylinder in a porous medium. Dusty Williamson Nanofluid was considered due to its thermal properties and potential benefits of increasing the heat transfer rate. Firstly, partial differential equations are transformed into coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations through a similarity variables transformation. The resulting set of dimensionless equations is solved analytically by using the Homogony Perturbation Method (HPM). The effects of the emerging parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles as well as skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number are publicized through tables and graphs with appropriate discussions. The present result has been compared with published papers and found to be in agreement. To the best of author’s knowledge, there has been sparse research work in the literature that considers the effect of dust with Williamson Nanofluid and also solving the problem analytically. Therefore to the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first time analytical solution has been established for the problem. The results revealed that the fluid velocity of both the fluid and dust phases decreases as the Williamson parameter increases. Motivated by the above limitations and the gaps in past works, therefore, it is hoped that the present work will assist in providing accurate solutions to many practical problems in science, industry and engineering.

关键词： Williamson Dusty Particles Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) Magneto Hydrodynamic (MHD) Nanofluid Porous Medium Stretching Cylinder

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Activated Protein C Resistance in Patients with Pre-Eclampsia in lagos, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 575-590页

作者： Nosimot O. Davies Titilope A. Adeyemo Sunday I. Omisakin Akaninyene A. Udousoro Kabiru A. Rabiu department of Haematology and blood Transfusion College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine Lagos State University Lagos Nigeria

Background: Preeclampsia is reported to complicate 2% - 8% of pregnancies globally and is an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aetiology and pathogenesis are still poorly understood and substantial improvement has not been made in the prediction, prevention and treatment of the disease. Objective: To compare the frequency of activated protein C resistance (APC-R) in patients with pre-eclampsia to that of normotensive pregnant women and to determine the correlation between activated protein ratio (APC-ratio) and the severity of pre-eclampsia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 100 pre-eclamptic patients and 100 normotensive pregnant controls. The APC-ratio was determined using the modified activated partial thromboplastin time. Study participants with APC-ratio of less than 2.0 were defined as having APC-R. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Mean APC-ratio was significantly lower in pre-eclamptics (2.89 ± 1.70) compared to normotensive pregnant women (3.57 ± 1.06) (p = 0.0008) and the levels were also higher in mild (2.95 ± 1.15) compared to severe pre-eclamptics (2.62 ± 1.14). The frequency of APC-R was 26% among women with pre-eclampsia compared to 4% among normotensive controls (p = 0.000). Among 100 pre-eclamptic women 7 (21.2%) out of 33 with mild pre–eclampsia had APC-R, while 19 (28.4%) out of 67 with severe pre-eclampsia had APC-R. APC-ratio had a significant negative correlation with mean arterial blood pressure (r = −0.324;p = 0.000) and proteinuria (r = −0.379;p = 0.000) among study participants. Conclusion: The frequency of activated protein c resistance is significantly higher in pre-eclamptics compared to normotensive pregnant women and this is more pronounced in those with severe pre-eclampsia compared with those with mild disease. APC-R may therefore be used as a marker of severity in the disease.

关键词： Activated Protein C Resistance Activated Protein C Ratio Pre-Eclampsia

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Impact of Relative Dose Intensity (RDI) on Survival in Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer: Nigerian Experience

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 120-131页

作者： Samira B. L. Makanjuola Abiodun Olaniyi Popoola Mobolaji Adewale Oludara department of Pharmacology College of Medicine Lagos State University (LASUCOM) Lagos Nigeria department of Radiology & Oncology College of Medicine Lagos State University (LASUCOM) Lagos Nigeria department of Surgery Lagos State Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) Lagos Nigeria

Background: This study was initiated to determine practices patterns in adjuvant chemotherapy for non-metastatic breast cancer and to examine the relationship between received dose intensity (RDI) and survival in patients with breast cancer Nigeria. Methods: Our study was a retrospective analysis of patients with breast cancer recruited from 2012 and 2015. A total of 204 patients were initially entered into the study, 102 were lost to follow-up leaving 102 patients who were suitable for the survival analysis. Survival time was calculated from 106 days, the scheduled end of chemotherapy. Results: The total average RDI for patients was 74%. Over the 204 patients that were reviewed, 144 (70.6%) had some reduction of RDI. This subgroup had an average RDI of 63%. On average, 79% of the intended dose of chemotherapy was given. The time to completion of chemotherapy was 1.33 times that specified by the protocol. Dose delays an overall reduction was mainly attributed to intolerability and financial constraints. Survival by RDI showed a significant decrease in survival rate for patients with RDI of >49% (Hazard Ratio = 3.473, 95% CI 1.21 - 9.91, P = 0.020);RDI of 50% - 59% (Hazard Ratio = 3.916, 95% CI 1.01 - 15.18, P = 0.048);RDI of 60% - 69% (Hazard Ratio = 4.462, 95% CI 1.65 - 12.03, P = 0.003) compared with patients who received an RDI of 100%. Although associated with poorer prognosis, there were no significant changes in the survival rate for patients with RDI of 70% - 79% (Hazard Ratio = 1.667, 95% CI 0.56 - 4.96, P = 0.359);RDI of 80% - 89% (Hazard Ratio = 1.620, 95% CI 0.47 - 5.53, P = 0.441);RDI 90% - 99% (Hazard Ratio = 1.590, 95% CI 0.53 - 4.73, P = 0.405) compared with patients who received an RDI of 100%. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that decreased RDI of <70% in non-metastatic breast cancer patients is strongly associated with decreased overall survival.

关键词： Breast Cancer Chemotherapy RDI Survival Rate

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Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 1-8页

作者： Jia-Tong Chang Li-Bo Liu Pei-Gang Wang Jing An department of microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell *** review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq technologies together with their strengths and *** applications of scRNA-seq in various virological studies are discussed in depth,which broaden the understanding of the immune atlas,host-virus interactions,and immune ***-seq can be widely used for virology in the near future to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and discover more effective therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Host-virus interaction COVID-19 Flavivirus

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Deep Transfer Learning Models for Mobile-Based Ocular Disorder Identification on Retinal Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 139-161页

作者： Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun Joseph Bamidele Awotunde Hakeem Babalola Akande Cheng-Chi Lee Agbotiname Lucky Imoize department of Multimedia Engineering Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunas44249Lithuania department of Computer Science Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria department of Computer Science Faculty of Information and Communication SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorin240003Nigeria department of Telecommunication Science University of IlorinIlorin230003Nigeria department of Library and Information Science Fu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City24205TaiwanChina department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Fintech and Blockchain Research CenterAsia UniversityTaichung City41354TaiwanChina department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos100213Nigeria department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Institute of Digital CommunicationRuhr UniversityBochum44801Germany

Mobile technology is developing *** phone technologies have been integrated into the healthcare industry to help medical ***,computer vision models focus on image detection and classification ***2 is a computer vision model that performs well on mobile devices,but it requires cloud services to process biometric image information and provide predictions to *** leads to increased *** biometrics image datasets on mobile devices will make the prediction faster,but mobiles are resource-restricted devices in terms of storage,power,and computational ***,a model that is small in size,efficient,and has good prediction quality for biometrics image classification problems is *** pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture combined with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)compacts the model representation and reduces the computational cost and memory *** proposed novel approach combines quantized pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)to represent models efficiently with low computational cost and *** contributions include evaluating three CNN models for ocular disease identification in transfer learning and deep feature plus SVM approaches,showing the superiority of deep features from MobileNetV2 and SVM classification models,comparing traditional methods,exploring six ocular diseases and normal classification with 20,111 images postdata augmentation,and reducing the number of trainable *** model is trained on ocular disorder retinal fundus image datasets according to the severity of six age-related macular degeneration(AMD),one of the most common eye illnesses,Cataract,Diabetes,Glaucoma,Hypertension,andMyopia with one class *** the experiment outcomes,it is observed that the suggested MobileNetV2-SVM model size is *** testing accuracy for MobileNetV2-SVM,InceptionV3,and MobileNetV2 is 90.11%,86.88%,a

关键词： Retinal images ocular disorder deep transfer learning disease identification mobile device

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Jatonik polyherbal mixture induced rat liver MMPT pore opening in normal Wistar rat:In vitro and in vivo studies

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 113-120页

作者： Olabinri P.Folashade Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle Tolulope A.Oyedeji Fiyinfoluwa Demilade Ojeniyi Adisa Ayobami Damilare Leonard O.Ehigie Adeola Folasade Ehigie Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria College of Health Sciences Crescent University AbeokutaAbeokuta 111105Nigeria department of Biochemistry University of LagosLagos 101017Nigeria

Objective:To assess acute toxicity,the in vitro and in vivo effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts(JME and JEE)of Jatonik polyherbal mixture on some mitochondria-related parameters and their effect on the activity of some liver ***:Acute toxicity of JME and JEE was determined using Lorke’s *** vitro and in vivo opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore(MMPT pore)was spectrophotometrically *** of malondialdehyde(MDA)as an index of lipid peroxidation and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and the effect of JME and JEE on the activity of liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate and alanine aminotransferase(AST and ALT)and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)was also ***:JME had an LD_(50) of 3808 mg/kg b.w whereas JEE had an LD_(50) greater than 5000 mg/kg *** *** the rats have been fed with both extracts,a photomicrograph of a piece of liver tissue showed no apparent symptoms of *** the in vitro and in vivo studies,both extracts prompted intact mitochondria to open their MMPT *** compared to the control,lipid peroxide product release and ATPase activity were significantly increased(P<0.05)in vitro and in *** activities of AST,ALT,and GGT were all reduced at 50 mg/kg when treated with JME,but the activity of AST was considerably enhanced when treated with JEE(P<0.05).The results revealed that both JME and JEE of the Jatonik polyherbal mixture had low toxicity,profound MMPTpore induction,and enhanced ATPase activity,but an increased MDA ***:Jatonik extracts may be a promising target for drug development in diseases where there is dysregulation of apoptosis,however,further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanism involved in these phenomena.

关键词： acute toxicity Ageratum conyzoides Linn. apoptosis Hunteria umbellate(K.Schum.)Hallier f. Lepidium meyenii Walp. mitochondrial ATPase mitochondrial lipid peroxidation mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore polyherbal mixture Xylopia aethiopica(Dunal)A.Rich

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Emerging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： Brian M.Lozinski Khanh Ta Yifei Dong department of Clinical Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparment of Biochemistry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration are key processes that mediate the development and progression of neurological ***,the mechanisms modulating these processes in different diseases remain incompletely *** in single cell based multi-omic analyses have helped to identify distinct molecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system(CNS).Lgals3 encodes galectin-3(Gal3),aβ-galactoside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by reactive microglia/macrophages in the CNS during various neurological *** Gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflammatory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highlight Gal3 as a prominent regulator of inflammation and neuroaxonal damage in the CNS during diseases such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we summarize the pleiotropic functions of Gal3 and discuss evidence that demonstrates its detrimental role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration during different neurological *** also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting Gal3 in the human CNS.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Galectin 3 microglia multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

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Assessment of plant diversity of endemic species of the Saharo-Arabian region in Egypt

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 1000-1021,I0002-I0044页

作者： Asmaa S ABO HATAB Yassin M AL-SODANY Kamal H SHALTOUT Soliman A HAROUN Mohamed M EL-KHALAFY Botany and microbiology department Faculty of ScienceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh 33511Egypt Botany department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt

Savanna, semi-deserts, and hot deserts characterize the Saharo-Arabian region, which includes Morocco, Mauretania, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Palestine, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, southern Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India. Its neighboring regions, the Sudano-Zambezian region belonging to the Paleotropical Kingdom and the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions included in the Holarctic Kingdom, share a large portion of their flora with the Saharo-Arabian region. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the region's global importance for plant diversity, an up to date list of the Saharo-Arabian endemics is still unavailable. The available data are frequently insufficient or out of date at both the whole global and the national scales. Therefore, the present study aims at screening and verifying the Saharo-Arabian endemic plants and determining the phytogeographical distribution of these taxa in the Egyptian flora. Hence, a preliminary list of 429 Saharo-Arabian endemic plants in Egypt was compiled from the available literature. Indeed, by excluding the species that were recorded in any countries or regions outside the Saharo-Arabian region based on different literature, database reviews, and websites, the present study has reduced this number to 126 taxa belonging to 87 genera and 37 families. Regarding the national geographic distribution, South Sinai is the richest region with 83 endemic species compared with other eight phytogeographic regions in Egypt, followed by the Isthmic Desert(the middle of Sinai Peninsula, 53 taxa). Sahara regional subzone(SS1) distributes all the 126 endemic species, Arabian regional subzone(SS2) owns 79 taxa, and Nubo-Sindian subzone(SS3) distributes only 14 endemics. Seven groups were recognized at the fourth level of classification as a result of the application of the two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) to the Saharo-Arabian endemic sp

关键词： endemism phytogeographical regions Saharo-Arabian floristic region Egyptian flora plant diversity two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN)

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