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A strong physical unclonable function with machine learning immunity for Internet of Things application

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 271-283页

作者： Pengpeng REN Yongkang XUE Linglin JING Lining ZHANG Runsheng WANG Zhigang JI National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on micro/Nano Fabrication Shanghai Jiao Tong University department of micro/Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University School of Integrated Circuits Peking University

The physical unclonable functions(PUFs) are novel cryptographic primitives in modern hardware security *** with traditional alternatives based on digital keys and non-volatile memory(NVM),the PUF system shows great unclonability,high efficiency,and physical attack ***,the conventional PUF design suffers from weak machine learning immunity,high storage overhead,and unreliability,making it difficult to implement in the Internet of Things(Io T) and edge computing *** paper presents a new PUF design that could solve the proposed *** utilizing the emission probability of traps commonly found in nano-scaled transistors,a model-based PUF system with strong machine learning resistance could be *** PUF design,called Prob-PUF,needs fewer challengeresponse pairs(CRPs) space and reveals superior resistance to modeling attacks due to the mixture of stable/random bits in its output ***,the Prob-PUF system could reach a high level of uniqueness and robustness,making it a potential candidate for future cryptographically secured protocols within the IoT.

关键词： physical unclonable function (PUF) electron traps authentication encryption cryptography security

Implantable probe with integrated reference electrode for in situ neural signal and calcium ion monitoring

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 591-595页

作者： Junyu Xiao Mengfei Xu Longchun Wang Bin Yang Jingquan Liu National Key Laboratory of Advanced micro and Nano Manufacture Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of micro/Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Monitoring the electrophysiology activity of neurons and blood calcium signals can enable a better understanding of disease-related neural system ***,currently,in situ calcium ion monitoring tools are scarce and exhibit low integration and limited *** this letter,we propose an implantable probe with an integrated in situ Ag/AgCl reference electrode(ISA/ARE)that can monitor action potential(AP)and Ca^(2+) concentrations.

关键词： neural electrode enable

Vortex excites unidirectional water waves near ancient Luoyang Bridge

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 163-165页

作者： Yichen Li Xinhua Hu department of Materials Science and Key Laboratory of micro-and Nano-Photonic Structures(Ministry of Education) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Since the discovery of generalized Snell’s law in 2011[1],metasurfaces have opened up the mainstream of arbitrary wavefront manipulation in *** a gradient-index metasurface,the parallel wavenumber kx of reflected wave can be not equal to the incident one(kx=ξ+k0sinθi,where k0 andθi are the incident wavenumber and angle,andξis the phase gradient of metasurface in its supercell)[1].Whenξ>k0,the reflected wave becomes a surface wave bounded on the metasurface(where|kx|>k0,kz is imaginary,and z is normal to the metasurface)[2].However,as research of metasurfaces continually evolves,some articles have pointed out that such graded metasurfaces suffer from a series of problems[3-6].In particular,multiple metallic resonators are adopted in a subwavelength supercell,resulting in impedance mismatch,moderate conversion efficiency,wave absorption,and fabrication ***,although the approach of graded metasurfaces has been demonstrated in the microwave regime,it is hard to extend to infrared and optical ranges with shorter *** solve this problem,Ra’di et al.[7]devised metagratings with periodic arrays of bianisotropic scatterers and showed that they enable wave front engineering with unitary efficiency and significantly lower fabrication demands.

关键词： graded reflected imaginary

Programming nonlinear propagation for efficient optical learning machines

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 73-83页

作者： Ilker Oguz Jih-Liang Hsieh Niyazi Ulas Dinc Ugur Tegin Mustafa Yildirim Carlo Gigli Christophe Moser Demetri Psaltis École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Institute of Electrical and Micro EngineeringEcublensSwitzerland Koc University Department of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringIstanbulTurkey

The ever-increasing demand for training and inferring with larger machine-learning models requires more efficient hardware solutions due to limitations such as power dissipation and *** is a promising contender for providing lower power computation,since light propagation through a nonabsorbing medium is a lossless ***,to carry out useful and efficient computations with light,generating and controlling nonlinearity optically is a necessity that is still *** fibers(MMFs)have been shown that they can provide nonlinear effects with microwatts of average power while maintaining parallelism and low *** propose an optical neural network architecture that performs nonlinear optical computation by controlling the propagation of ultrashort pulses in MMF by wavefront *** a surrogate model,optimal sets of parameters are found to program this optical computer for different tasks with minimal utilization of an electronic *** show a remarkable decrease of 97%in the number of model parameters,which leads to an overall 99%digital operation reduction compared to an equivalently performing digital neural *** further demonstrate that a fully optical implementation can also be performed with competitive accuracies.

关键词： neural networks nonlinear optics fiber optics surrogate optimization neuromorphic computing wavefront shaping

Observation of accurately designed bound states in the continuum in momentum space

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 638-647页

作者： JIAJU WU JINGGUANG CHEN XIN QI ZHIWEI GUO JIAJUN WANG FENG WU YONG SUN YUNHUI LI HAITAO JIANG LEI SHI JIAN ZI HONG CHEN MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced micro-Structured Materials School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Key Laboratory of Micro-and Nano-Photonic Structures(Ministry of Education)and Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Optoelectronic Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510665China

Bound states in the continuum(BICs)in artificial photonic structures have received considerable attention since they offer unique methods for the extreme field localization and enhancement of light-matter ***,the symmetry-protected BICs are located at high symmetric points,while the positions of accidental BICs achieved by tuning the parameters will appear at some points in momentum *** to now,to accurately design the position of the accidental BIC in momentum space is still a ***,we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate an accurately designed accidental BIC in a two-coupled-oscillator system consisting of bilayer gratings,where the optical response of each grating can be described by a single resonator *** changing the interlayer distance between the gratings to tune the propagation phase shift related to wave vectors,the position of the accidental BIC can be arbitrarily controlled in momentum ***,we present a general method and rigorous numerical analyses for extracting the polarization vector fields to observe the topological properties of BICs from the polarization-resolved transmission ***,an application of the highly efficient second harmonic generation assisted by quasi-BIC is *** work provides a straightforward strategy for manipulating BICs and studying their topological properties in momentum space.

关键词： polarization tuning resonator

RPL-Based IoT Networks under Decreased Rank Attack:Performance Analysis in Static and Mobile Environments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 227-247页

作者： Amal Hkiri Mouna Karmani Omar Ben Bahri Ahmed Mohammed Murayr Fawaz Hassan Alasmari Mohsen Machhout Physic department Electronics and Micro-Electronics LaboratoryFaculty of Sciences of MonastirMonastir5000Tunisia department of Science and Technology College of RanyahTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

The RPL(IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks)protocol is essential for efficient communi-cation within the Internet of Things(IoT)*** its significance,RPL’s susceptibility to attacks remains a *** paper presents a comprehensive simulation-based analysis of the RPL protocol’s vulnerability to the decreased rank attack in both static andmobilenetwork *** employ the Random Direction Mobility Model(RDM)for mobile scenarios within the Cooja *** systematic evaluation focuses on critical performance metrics,including Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),Average End to End Delay(AE2ED),throughput,Expected Transmission Count(ETX),and Average Power Consumption(APC).Our findings illuminate the disruptive impact of this attack on the routing hierarchy,resulting in decreased PDR and throughput,increased AE2ED,ETX,and *** results underscore the urgent need for robust security measures to protect RPL-based IoT ***,our study emphasizes the exacerbated impact of the attack in mobile scenarios,highlighting the evolving security requirements of IoT networks.

关键词： RPL decreased rank attacks mobility random direction model

Level pinning of anti-PT-symmetric circuits for efficient wireless power transfer

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 215-224页

作者： Zhiwei Guo Fengqing Yang Haiyan Zhang Xian Wu Qiong Wu Kejia Zhu Jun Jiang Haitao Jiang Yaping Yang Yunhui Li Hong Chen MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced micro-Structured Materials School of Physics Sciences and Engineering Tongji University department of Electrical Engineering Tongji University School of Automotive Studies Tongji University

Wireless power transfer(WPT) technology based on magnetic resonance(a basic physical phenomenon)can directly transfer energy from the source to the load without wires and other physical contacts, and has been successfully applied to implantable medical devices, electric vehicles, robotic arms and other ***, due to the frequency splitting of near-field coupling, the resonant WPT system has some unique limitations, such as poor transmission stability and low efficiency. Here, we propose anti-resonance with level pinning for high-performance WPT. By introducing the anti-resonance mode into the basic WPT platform, we uncover the competition between dissipative coupling and coherent coupling to achieve novel level pinning, and construct an effective anti-parity-time(anti-PT)-symmetric non-Hermitian system that is superior to previous PT-symmetric WPT schemes. On the one hand, the eigenvalue of the anti-PT-symmetric system at resonance frequency is always pure real in both strong and weak coupling regions, and can be used to overcome the transmission efficiency decrease caused by weak coupling, as brought about by, for example, a large size ratio of the transmitter to receiver, or a long transmission *** the other hand, due to the level pinning effect of the two kinds of coupling mechanisms, the working frequency of the system is guaranteed to be locked, so frequency tracking is not required when the position and size of the receiver change. Even if the system deviates from the matching condition, an efficient WPT can be realized, thereby demonstrating the robustness of the level pinning. The experimental results show that when the size ratio of the transmitter coil to the receiver coil is 4.29(which is in the weak coupling region), the transfer efficiency of the anti-PT-symmetric system is nearly 4.3(3.2) times higher than that of the PT-symmetric system when the matching conditions are satisfied(deviated). With the miniaturization and integration of d

关键词： non-Hermitian system wireless power transfer anti-PT-symmetric circuits synthetic dimension metamaterials

The Impact of Network Topologies and Radio Duty Cycle Mechanisms on the RPL Routing Protocol Power Consumption

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1835-1854页

作者： Amal Hkiri Hamzah Faraj Omar Ben Bahri Mouna Karmani Sami Alqurashi Mohsen Machhout Physic department Electronics and Micro-Electronics LaboratoryFaculty of Sciences of MonastirMonastir5000Tunisia department of Science and Technology College of RanyahTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

The Internet of Things(IoT)has witnessed a significant surge in adoption,particularly through the utilization of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),which comprise small internet-connected *** deployments span various environments and offer a multitude of ***,the widespread use of battery-powered devices introduces challenges due to their limited hardware resources and communication *** response to this,the Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)has developed the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks(RPL)to address the unique requirements of such *** the critical role of RPL in maintaining high performance,this paper proposes a novel approach to optimizing power ***,it introduces a developed sensor motes topology integrated with a Radio Duty Cycling(RDC)mechanism aimed at minimizing power *** rigorous analysis,the paper evaluates the power efficiency of this approach through several simulations conducted across different network topologies,including random,linear,tree,and elliptical ***,three distinct RDC mechanisms—CXMAC,ContikiMAC,and NullRDC—are investigated to assess their impact on power *** findings of the study,based on a comprehensive and deep analysis of the simulated results,highlight the efficiency of ContikiMAC in power *** research contributes valuable insights into enhancing the energy efficiency of RPL-based IoT networks,ultimately facilitating their widespread deployment and usability in diverse environments.

关键词： WSN IoT radio duty cycles topologies

Distributed Hybrid Model Predictive Secondary Control of DC microgrids with Random Communication Disorders

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 925-935页

作者： Meysam Yaribeygi Zeinab Karami Qobad Shafiee Hassan Bevrani the department of Electrical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIranand he is now with the Sportradar CompanyTrondheimNorway the department of Engineering Cybernetics(ITK) Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway the Smart/micro Grids Research Center Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of KurdistanSanandajIran

A reliable and robust communication network is essential to exchange information between distributed generators(DGs)and accurately calculate their control actions in microgrids(MGs).However,the integration of the communication network and MGs poses challenges related to the flexibility,availability,and reliability of the ***,random communication disorders such as time delays and packet loss can negatively impact the system ***,it is essential to design a suitable secondary controller(SC)with a fast dynamic response to restore voltage and appropriate powersharing,while ensuring that the effects of random communication disorders are *** this regard,an optimal distributed hybrid model predictive secondary control method is presented in this *** simulations are carried out in a mixed simulation environment based on MATLAB and OMNET++,by considering IEEE 802.11(Wi Fi)using the recently developed Internet networking(INET)*** the implemented application layer,the recovery Unit is responsible for reducing the impact of random communication *** effectiveness and performance of the proposed method in comparison with a conventional model predictive control are verified by simulation results.

关键词： microgrid model predictive control random communication disorder secondary control