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Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China:a nationwide cross-sectional study

Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan Liu Chunhua Song Xue Wang Xianghua Ma Pianhong Zhang Gaiyun Chen Zhenqian Cheng Juying Liu Ying Yao Wenjun Ma Zengning Li Ping Sun Fan Lin Weilian Hou Ting Han Ying Zhang Min Weng Wanying Shi Dagang Yang Ji Feng Junqiang Chen Li Li Hua Jiang Hongxia Xu Ruifang Guo Ying Liu Xiaopan Chen Qian Zhao Yumei Qi Qiang Chi Rong Liu Rui Xiong Tiantian Wu Shangfeng Tang Shuyan Guo Wei Chen department of clinical nutrition The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University department of clinical nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University department of clinical nutrition Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Provincial Hospital department of clinical nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of China department of clinical nutrition Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalTongji University School of Medicine department of clinical nutrition Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital department of clinical nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University department of clinical nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University department of clinical nutrition Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University department of clinical nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Institute for Emergency and Disaster Medicine Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China department of clinical nutrition Daping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital Jilin People’s Hospital (Jilin) The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University department of clinical nutrition Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People’s Hospital department of clinical nutrition Tianjin Third Central Hospital The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University department of Epidemiology and Statistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou University The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital School of Medicine and Health Management Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong Uni

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical ***,no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in *** conducted the China nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities(except for Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan Province,and the Xizang Autonomous Region,please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk *** collected information on participants' sociodemographic characteristics,physical examinations,and laboratory test *** was defined according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition(GLIM) *** standardized prevalence of malnutrition was calculated,and factors associated with malnutrition were examined using logistic regression *** included 54,652 individuals with seven systemic diseases who completed all the survey documents in the final *** overall prevalence of malnutrition was 12.5%,representing 7.6 million adult inpatients in *** prevalence of malnutrition was higher in men,individuals aged≥60 years,residents of central and western regions,people from lower economic areas,and those with lower education levels than in women,individuals agednutrition than those without such ***,age,region,economic level,education level,disease severity score,infectious diseases,and neoplasms were independently associated with *** conclusion,malnutrition is prevalent among Chinese adult inpatients,necessitating national-and hospital-level *** surv

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Dietary carbohydrate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes:a 16-year prospective cohort study

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Lu Gan Yi Yang Bin Zhao Kai Yu Kehua Guo Fang Fang Zhiguang Zhou Demetrius Albanes Jiaqi Huang Key Laboratory of diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University CSU-Sinocare Research Center for Nutrition and Metabolic Health Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityFurong Laboratory Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute NIH Department of Health and Human Services School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institute National clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Despite considerable research underscoring the importance of carbohydrate intake in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes(T2D), a comprehensive assessment of this relationship is currently lacking. We aimed to examine the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with the risk of T2D, to evaluate potential effect modification by other factors, including genetic susceptibility,and to explore the potential mediators for such associations. The present study included 161,872 participants of the UK Biobank who were free of prevalent cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes, and had at least one validated 24-h dietary recall assessment. Multivariableadjusted age-stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to estimate hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) for the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with risk of T2D. During a median follow-up of13.6 years, 4,176 incident cases of T2D were identified. In the multivariable-adjusted models, a greater intake of fiber, carbohydrates from whole grains, and carbohydrates from non-starchy vegetables was significantly associated with a lower risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95% CI]=0.70 [0.62–0.79], 0.74 [0.67–0.82], and 0.83 [0.75–0.92], respectively, all P for trend <0.005). In contrast, a higher intake of starch and carbohydrate from starchy vegetables was associated with an increased risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95%CI]=1.31 [1.16–1.48] and 1.19 [1.09–1.31], respectively, both P for trend <0.005). Replacing one serving of refined grains or starchy vegetables with an equal amount of whole grains or non-starchy vegetables was associated with 4% to 10% lower risk of T2D(all P values <0.001).The observed associations were generally similar across population subgroups, including individuals with different genetic susceptibility to T2D. Mediation analyses of the inverse association between T

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Understanding the link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease:role of brain insulin resistance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3113-3123页

作者： Theodora Ntetsika Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina Ioanna Markaki department of clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden department of Neurology Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden Center for diabetes Academic Specialist CenterStockholmSweden Center for Neurology Academic Specialist CenterStockholmSweden

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease are chronic diseases linked to a growing pandemic that affects older adults and causes significant socio-economic *** data supporting a close relationship between these two aging-related diseases have resulted in the investigation of shared pathophysiological molecular *** insulin signaling in the brain has gained increasing attention during the last decade and has been suggested to contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease through the dysregulation of several pathological *** contribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance in neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease,with emphasis on brain insulin resistance,is extensively discussed in this article and new therapeutic strategies targeting this pathological link are presented and reviewed.

关键词： brain insulin resistance brain insulin signaling diabetes type 2 GLP-1 receptor agonists GLP-1 signaling insulin resistance insulin signaling neurodegeneration Parkinson's disease targeted therapy

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Prevalence and clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease among patients with newly diagnosed ketosis-onset diabetes

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World Journal of diabetes 2025年第3期16卷 115-124页

作者： Meng-Han Li Man-Rong Xu Yu-Jie Wang Li Shen Ming-Yun Chen Lian-Xi Li department of Endocrinology and metabolism Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes MellitusShanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic DiseaseShanghai 200233China clinical Research Center Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The prevalence and clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease(CKD)among patients with ketosis-onset diabetes(also known as ketosis-prone diabetes)remain ***,the classification of ketosis-onset diabetes remains controversial and requires further *** To investigate the prevalence and clinical features of CKD in patients with newly diagnosed ketosis-onset *** This real-world study included 217 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM),698 with ketosis-onset diabetes,and 993 with non-ketotic *** prevalence and clinical characteristics of CKD were compared among the three *** factors associated with CKD were evaluated using binary logistic regression for each *** After adjusting for age and sex,the prevalence of CKD among patients with ketosis-onset diabetes(17.8%)was significantly higher than that in those with T1DM(8.3%,P=0.007),but was not statistically different compared to those with non-ketotic T2DM(21.7%,P=0.214).Furthermore,some risk factors for CKD,including age,and serum uric acid and C-reactive protein levels,in patients with ketosis-onset diabetes were similar to those with T2DM,but significantly different from those with *** The prevalence,clinical characteristics,and risk factors for CKD among patients with ketosis-onset diabetes were more similar to those with non-ketotic T2DM but considerably different from those with *** findings further support the classification of ketosis-onset diabetes as a subtype of T2DM rather than idiopathic T1DM.

关键词： Ketosis-onset diabetes Ketosis-prone diabetes Type 1 diabetes mellitus Type 2 diabetes mellitus Chronic kidney disease Diabetic nephropathy

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Personalized nutritional care for immune function recovery in postoperative gastrointestinal surgery patients:An observational study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2025年第2期17卷 199-206页

作者： Fang-Hong Zhong department of clinical nutrition Ganzhou People's HospitalGanzhou 341000Jiangxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)surgery can significantly affect the nutritional status and immune function of *** study aimed to investigate the effects of personalized nutritional care on the recovery of immune function in patients who underwent postoperative GI *** To study examines personalized nutritional care’s impact on immune function recovery,nutritional status,and clinical outcomes after GI *** This observational study included 80 patients who underwent GI surgery between 2021 and *** received personalized nutritional care based on their individual needs and surgical *** function markers including lymphocyte subsets,immunoglobulins,and cytokines were measured preoperatively and at regular intervals *** status,clinical outcomes,and quality of life were *** Patients receiving personalized nutritional care showed significant improvements in immune function markers compared to *** 4 weeks postoperatively,CD4+T-cell counts increased by 25%(Pnutritional status,as measured by prealbumin and transferrin levels,improved by 30%(Pnutritional care enhances immune function recovery,improves nutritional status,and reduces complications in patients undergoing postoperative GI surgery,highlighting its crucial role in optimizing patient outcomes following such procedures.

关键词： Gastrointestinal surgery Personalized nutrition Immune function Postoperative care nutritional status

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Temporal-specific single-cell atlas of human type A aortic dissection reveals immune cell dynamics and therapeutic targets

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Science Bulletin 2025年第2期70卷 167-171页

作者： Wenting Zhao Juan Chen Yi Xia Zhixi Wei Sitong Wan Huiyuan Guo Yanling Hao Wenjian Jiang Hongjia Zhang Fazheng Ren Peng An Yongting Luo Junjie Luo department of nutrition and Health China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China department of Cardiovascular Surgery Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China

Stanford type A aortic dissection(STAAD/AD)is a degenerative aortic remodeling disease with an extremely high mortality rate and poor prognosis[1,2].Dissections can be classified into acute(90 d)stages depending on the time interval between the onset of initial symptoms and presentations[3].Patients who survive the acute phase progress to subacute and ultimately chronic stages[4,5].

关键词： dissection acute aortic

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Promising effects of Persian shallot extract on the serum markers and blood pressure of patients with metabolic syndrome:a double-blinded randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025年第1期45卷 100-106页

作者： Neda Naimipoor Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh Mitra Abbasifard Mohammad Reza Mirzaei Akram Ghadiri Anari Maryam Mohammad-Sadeghipour Mehdi Mahmoodi department of clinical Biochemistry School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineAli-Ibn Abi-Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Molecular Medicine Research Center Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences diabetes Research Center Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences department of clinical Biochemistry Afzalipour School of MedicineKerman University of Medical Sciences Physiology Research Center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical Sciences

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Persian shallot extract on the serum markers and blood pressure of patients with metabolic syndrome(MetS). METHODS: Fifty patients with Met S diagnosis were randomly assigned to the intervention(Persian shallot extract) and the control(placebo) group. Both groups received treatment for three months. Before the study and at the end of the study, 5 mL peripheral blood was taken from each patient. The measured factors included total antioxidant capacity(TAC), superoxide dismutase enzyme(SOD), malondialdehyde, oxidized low-density lipoprotein(Ox-LDL), apolipoprotein H(Apo-H), fasting blood glucose(FBS), total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein(HDL), LDL, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. RESULTS: At baseline, the evaluated parameters were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups. At the end of the study, the mean serum levels of malondialdehyde and ox-LDL were significantly lower in the intervention group. The mean FBS, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL were significantly lower in the intervention group. The mean TAC and HDL were significantly higher in the intervention group(P < 0.05). Moreover, the intervention group significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure. No other significant association was observed. CONCLUSION: Persian shallot extract has several beneficial effects in Met S patients, including optimizing oxidative balance, reducing blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and blood lipid profile.

关键词： antioxidants medicine, Persian metabolic syndrome shallots

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Pro-resolving lipid mediator reduces amyloid-β42–induced gene expression in human monocyte–derived microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 873-886页

作者： Ying Wang Xiang Zhang Henrik Biverstål Nicolas GBazan Shuai Tan Nailin Li Makiko Ohshima Marianne Schultzberg Xiaofei Li department of Neurobiology Care Sciences&SocietyDivision of NeurogeriatricsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden department of Biosciences and nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden Neuroscience Center of Excellence Louisiana State UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA department of Medicine SolnaClinical Pharmacology GroupKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden

Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β maresin microglia monocyte neuroinflammation resolution RNA-sequencing specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator

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Dietary Zn proteinate with moderate chelation strength alleviates heat stress‑induced intestinal barrier function damage by promoting expression of tight junction proteins via the A20/NF‑κB p65/MMP‑2 pathway in the jejunum of broilers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 316-330页

作者： Yangyang Hu Weiyun Zhang Ke Yang Xi Lin Hsiao‑Ching Liu Jack Odle Miles Todd See Xiaoyan Cui Tingting Li Shengchen Wang Xiudong Liao Liyang Zhang Sufen Li Yun Hu Xugang Luo Poultry Mineral nutrition Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225000China Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology Qinhuangdao 066004China department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Mineral nutrition Research Division State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Background The aim of this study was to determine whether and how Zn proteinate with moderate chelation strength(Zn-Prot M)can alleviate heat stress(HS)-induced intestinal barrier function damage of broilers.A completely randomized design was used for comparatively testing the effects of Zn proteinate on HS and non-HS *** high temperature(HT),a 1(Control,HT-CON)+2(Zn source)×2(added Zn level)factorial arrangement of treatments was *** 2 added Zn sources were Zn-Prot M and Zn sulfate(ZnS),and the 2 added Zn levels were 30 and 60 mg/*** normal temperature(NT),a CON group(NT-CON)and pair-fed group(NT-PF)were *** The results showed that HS significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of claudin-1,occludin,junctional adhesion molecule-A(JAMA),zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and zinc finger protein A20(A20)in the jejunum,and HS also remarkably increased serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-D),endotoxin and interleukin(IL)-1βcontents,serum diamine oxidase(DAO)and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 activities,nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)p65 mRNA expression level,and protein expression levels of NF-κB p65 and MMP-2 in the ***,dietary supplementation with Zn,especially organic Zn as Zn-Prot M at 60 mg/kg,significantly decreased serum FITC-D,endotoxin and IL-1βcontents,serum DAO and MMP-2 activities,NF-κB p65 mRNA expression level,and protein expression levels of NF-κB p65 and MMP-2 in the jejunum of HS broilers,and notably promoted mRNA and protein expression levels of claudin-1,ZO-1 and *** Our results suggest that dietary Zn,especially 60 mg Zn/kg as Zn-Prot M,can alleviate HS-induced intestinal barrier function damage by promoting the expression of TJ proteins possibly via induction of A20-mediated suppression of the NF-κB p65/MMP-2 pathway in the jejunum of HS broilers.

关键词： A20/NF-κB p65/MMP-2 pathway Broiler Heat stress Intestinal barrier function Tight junction proteins Zn

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Context-dependent role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 682-694页

作者： NoemíSola-Sevilla Maider Garmendia-Berges MCarmen Mera-Delgado Elena Puerta department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Division of PharmacologySchool of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA) PamplonaSpain

Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro-or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.

关键词： interferon inflammation lipopolysaccharide neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factorκB sirtuin 2

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