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The correlation between uveal melanoma and iris nevus

Holistic Integrative oncology 2024年第1期3卷 52-58页

作者： Yuhang Yang Jingting Luo Zhaoxun Feng Yang Li Wenbin Wei Yueming Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Beijing Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key LabMedical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China department of Ophthalmology University of Ottawa501 Smyth RdOttawaON K1H 8M2Canada

Purpose To investigate the impact of iris nevus on the incidence and prognosis of uveal melanoma(UM).Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 1128 UM cases and 4356 healthy ***-pants were categorized based on iris nevus presence and grade:grade 0(no iris nevus),grade 1(single iris nevus),grade 2(multiple iris nevi),and grade 3(partial or complete darkening of the iris).Propensity matching score method was employed to control for age and sex differences,while theχ2 test was used to compare the existence rate and grade of iris nevus between *** ANOVA evaluated differences among various iris nevus grades,the Kaplan–Meier method analyzed the prognosis of patients with different iris nevus grades,and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between clinical data and *** A total of 5484 subjects were *** patients exhibited a higher prevalence and grade of iris nevus(all P<0.001)after propensity *** with iris nevus in the affected eye did not show a worse prognosis(P=0.414).However,those with partial or complete iris darkening or multiple nevi had a poorer prognosis compared to those with a single or no iris nevus(all P<0.05).Iris nevus presence and grade in the healthy eye had no prognos-tic impact(P=0.726 and P=0.825,respectively).The multivariate COX proportional risk model showed that tumor diameter(P<0.001),age(P=0.020),and grade of iris nevus in the affected eye(P=0.009)were independent risk fac-tors for a worse *** analysis revealed that patients with partial or complete darkening of the iris had larger tumor diameters than those without iris nevus(P=0.013),single nevus(P=0.015),and multiple nevus(P=0.023).Discussion Our findings indicate a higher proportion and grade of iris nevus in UM patients compared to controls,and a worse prognosis for UM patients with higher-grade iris nevi in the affected eye.

关键词： Uveal melanoma Iris nevus Prognosis

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Enhanced Diagnostic Precision:Deep Learning for Tumors Lesion Classification in Dermatology

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第6期39卷 1035-1051页

作者： Rafid Sagban Haydar Abdulameer Marhoon Saadaldeen Rashid Ahmed Engineering Technical College Al-Ayen UniversityThi-Qar64001Iraq Information Technology College University of BabylonHilla51001Iraq Information and Communication Technology Research Group Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-Qar64001Iraq College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology University of KerbalaKarbala56001Iraq Artificial Intelligence Engineering department College of EngineeringAl-Ayen UniversityThi-Qar64001Iraq Computer Science Bayan UniversityErbil44001Iraq

Skin cancer is a highly frequent kind of *** identification of a phenomenon significantly improves outcomes and mitigates the risk of ***,basal,and squamous cell carcinomas are well-recognized cutaneous *** We can differentiate melanoma from non-pigmented carcinomas like basal and squamous cell *** research on developing automated skin cancer detection systems has primarily focused on pigmented malignant type *** limited availability of datasets with a wide range of lesion categories has hindered in-depth exploration of non-pigmented malignant skin *** present study investigates the feasibility of automated methods for detecting pigmented skin lesions with potential *** diagnose skin lesions,medical professionals employ a two-step *** detecting malignant types with other deep learning(DL)models,a preliminary step involves using a DL model to identify the skin lesions as either pigmented or *** performance assessments accurately assessed four distinct DL models:Long short-term memory(LSTM),Visual Geometry Group(VGG19),Residual Blocks(ResNet50),and *** LSTM model exhibited higher classification accuracy compared to the other models *** accuracy of LSTM for pigmented and non-pigmented,pigmented tumours and benign classes,and melanomas and pigmented nevus classes was 0.9491,0.9531,and 0.949,*** computerized skin cancer detection promises to enhance diagnostic efficiency and precision significantly.

关键词： Pigmented lesions deep learning models skin cancer automated diagnosis basal cell carcinoma

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巨型先天性黑色素细胞痣浅表和深层构成的不同表型变化:一项行刮除术的基本理论

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 41-41页

作者： De Raeve L.E. Claes A. Ruiter D.J. 李政霄 Academisch Ziekenhuis Vrije Universiteit Brussel Department of Dermatology Brussels Belgium

Background: Giant congenital melanocytic naevi (GCMN)-convey a 14-fold increased melanoma risk. In contrast,medium congenital melanocytic naevi (MCMN) are rarely associated with malignant transformation. Management of patients with GCMN is challenging and there is no consensus on the most appropriate strategy for treating these patients. Objectives: To provide a rationale for performing curettage of GCMN in the neonatal period in order to reduce the risk of malignant transformation to melanoma. Methods: Twenty-six infants with GCMN who underwent biopsies before excisional surgery (n = 7) or curettage (n = 19) during the past 14 years (Academic Hospital, Vrije Universiteit Brussel) and 10 MCMN patients who underwent excision biopsies (Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre) were included in this study. Using these biopsies, we performed genetic and detailed immunohistochemical evaluations of changes that are associated with malignant transformation. Variables of interest included melanoma-associated BRAF mutations, proliferative activity, vascularity, cellular context and extracellular matrix architecture. Results: GCMN and MCMN did not show oncogenic BRAF mutation and displayed similar features with respect to the amount of nonmelanocytic cells within the naevus and matrix architecture. Naevus cells in the superficial component of the GCMN, however, were more proliferative, and this component was more vascular compared with its deep component and with MCMN. In this study, none of the 19 newborn patients who underwent curettage developed a melanoma within a mean follow-up time of 7 years. Conclusions: The data presented here support the idea that curettage of GCMN in neonates has the potential for lowering the risk of developing cutaneous melanoma by not only obtaining an important numerical reduction of naevus cells but also removing the ‘active’melanocytes.

关键词：巨型先天性黑色素细胞痣刮除术表型变化浅表皮肤黑色素瘤细胞增殖活性最佳治疗方案新生儿患者 Medical 细胞外基质

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MIIP downregulates PD-L1 expression through HDAC6 in cutaneous melanoma

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Holistic Integrative oncology 2024年第1期3卷 452-461页

作者： Ting Li Ruwei Xing Lijie Xiang Haotian Liu Junqiang Wei Jia Lu Tao Li Jilong Yang departments of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin 300060People’s Republic of China National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060People’s Republic of China department of Bone and Soft-Tissue Surgery Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC)The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310022People’s Republic of China

Purpose Immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved the objective response rate and survival of melanoma ***,there are still many melanoma patients suffering from disease progression due to primary or secondary immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance,as is observed in the failure of anti-PD1/PD-L1 *** the expression of valuable markers,such as TMB,MSI,and PD-L1,could serve as effective predictors of anti-checkpoint inhibitor therapies,tumor cell PD-L1 expression and its regulating mechanism would significantly affect the anti-PD-1 immunotherapy response and ***,it is urgent to determine the function of PD-1/PD-L1 expression in melanoma and its associated pathways to enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 *** A cohort of 133 patients with histologically confirmed melanoma from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital were included in this *** performed immunohistochemical staining to detect the expres-sion of Migration and invasion inhibitory protein(MIIP),HDAC6 and ***–Meier and log-rank test were used for survival *** for vitro,Western blot was used in melanoma cell lines to verify the signaling pathway that MIIP regulates PD-L1 *** MIIP expression was decreased in melanoma and that the negative expression of MIIP was correlated with worse overall *** positive expression of HDAC6,a molecule that is downstream of MIIP,had a positive trend with decreased overall *** the same time,the positive expression of PD-L1,a crucial costimulatory mol-ecule,was associated with decreased overall ***,there was a positive association between HDAC6 and PD-L1 protein expression(pcutaneous melanoma than acral *** cutaneous melanoma cell lines,we found that increasing MIIP led to decreased HDAC6,pSTAT3,and PD-L1 *** down MIIP led to increased HDAC6,pSTAT3,and PD-L1 *** th

关键词： melanoma PD-L1 MIIP HDAC6 Immunotherapy

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皮肤黑色素瘤转移过程中发生骨盆引流淋巴结淋巴瘤的诊断

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 56-56页

作者： Arron S.T. Kashani-Sabet M. 吴佳纹 department of Dermatology University of California San Francisco United States Dr.

The association between cutaneous melanoma and non-Hodgkin’ s lymphoma (NHL) has been described. Herein we describe two cases in which lymphoma was detected in the draining lymph node basin at the time of the finding of intransit metastasis of cutaneous melanoma. In both of these cases, sentinel lymph node biopsy at the time of the excision of the primary melanoma showed no evidence of metastatic melanoma or lymphoma. The temporal and spatial correlation of melanoma and NHL in these two cases suggests the possibility of a local failure in immune surveillance.

关键词：非霍奇金淋巴瘤皮肤黑色素瘤引流淋巴结转移过程骨盆转移性黑色素瘤前哨淋巴结活检诊断原发黑色素瘤发生时间

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早期黑素瘤和获得性发育不良黑素细胞痣患者可检出人乳头状瘤病毒基因型

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 18-18页

作者： La Placa M. Ambretti S. Bonvicini F. 李政霄 Section of Dermatology Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy

Background: Some studies have shown that cutaneous and mucosal melanoma biopsy specimens harbour human papillomavirus (HPV), suggesting that this virus may play a role in development and progression of the tumour. Objectives: To investigate the presence of HPV DNA and the prevalence of different high- risk mucosal HPV genotypes in primary melanoma (PM) and in acquired dysplastic melanocytic naevi (ADMN). Methods: Fifty- one PMs from 18 men and 33 women (median age55.5years),33 ADMN from 15 men and 18 women(median age 35.1 years) and 20 control skin samples from nine men and 11 women (median age 43.5 years) were studied. All diagnoses were made after histological analysis. HPV DNA analysis was made using two different polymerase chain reaction- enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (PCR- ELISA) methods, namely MY- PCR and GP- PCR. Results: Using GP- PCR, mucosal HPVs were detected in 14 PMs (27% ; P=0.0166) and eight ADMN (24% ; P=0.0367), while with MY- PCR, mucosal HPVs were found in 11 PMs (22% ; P=0.04) and five ADMN (15% ; P not significant). All control skin samples were negative for mucosal HPVs with both DNA amplification procedures. Conclusions: Using our PCR- ELISA methods, the detection of mucosal high- risk HPV genotypes in 24% of precursor lesions (ADMN) and in 27% of PMs adds to the body of evidence indicating a colocalization of mucosal HPV and tumoral melanocytic pathologies.

关键词：人乳头状瘤病毒黑素瘤黑素细胞痣发育不良组织学检查活检标本扩增方法酶联免疫吸附聚合酶链反应

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皮肤镜在黑人中的应用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第12期2卷 11-页

作者： De Giorgi V. Trez E. Salvini C. 周少娜 department of Dermatology University of Florence Via della Pergola 60 50121 Florence Italy

Background: Little is known about the use of dermoscopy in nonwhite-skinned populations and whether it can influence diagnostic performance. Objectives: To evaluate for the first time the utility and efficacy of dermoscopy in a black population for the diagnosis of pigmented cutaneous lesions. Methods: In total, 100 consecutive clinically doubtful or equivocal pigmented skin lesions in black patients were submitted to dermoscopic examination. The lesions were observed using dermoscopy by two groups of dermatologists, one in Brazil (in vivo) and the other in Italy (on slide images). Besides diagnosis, each group recorded on the same type of form the dermoscopic features present. Results: Of 100 clinically suspicious cases, 79 were Clark naevi, 15 seborrhoeic keratoses, four blue naevi, one dermatofibroma and one melanoma. The two groups of observers succeeded in identifying and classifying all the lesions to such a margin of diagnostic accuracy that only a few cases (three Clark naevi) were subjected to surgical excision to confirm diagnosis. Conclusions: Darker pigmentation of the skin does not impede the identification of single dermoscopic features. As in lighter-skinned populations, dermoscopy in black people can also lead to early and accurate diagnosis of melanoma, thereby significantly reducing the number of unnecessary excisions.

关键词：皮肤镜色素性皮肤病黑人

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大疱性表皮松解症痣皮肤镜检的特殊图像

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 28-28页

作者： Lanschuetzer C.M Emberger M Laimer M H. Hintner 罗素菊 department of Dermatology Paracelsus Private Medical University Muellner Hauptstrasse 48 A-5020 Salzburg Austria

Background:Large, asymmetrical and irregularly pigmented naevi in patients with epidermolysis bullosa (EB) have been reported often to mimic cutaneous melanoma clinically. Objectives:As the biological course of these peculiar moles is benign, we assessed EB naevi with a dermatoscope to determine whether they could be reliably differentiated from cutaneous melanoma. Methods We evaluated digital dermoscopic images of 23 EB naevi from 11 patients with EBand analysed these pigmented lesions according to pattern analysis, ABCD rule of dermoscopy and the seven-point checklist. Results:melanoma-associated dermoscopic criteria such as multicomponent pattern (20 of 23), atypical pigment network (17 of 23), irregular dots/globules (16 of 23), irregular pigmentation (22 of 23) and an atypical vascular pattern (seven of 23) were frequently seen in EB naevi. In contrast, other criteria frequently associated with melanoma progression, such as irregular streaks, blue-whitish veil, regression structures (bluewhitish areas) or black dots, were rarely seen. Most lesions gave false-positive results when the scores of the dermoscopic diagnostic algorithms were calculated. Conclusions:Recurring dermoscopic structures in EB naevi reveal a distinctive dermoscopic pattern of this recently defined entity. Although EB naevi represent an exception to dermoscopic diagnostic algorithms, their dermoscopic evaluation most often allows us to estimate their benign nature. Nevertheless, as an unequivocal discrimination from malignant melanoma in vivo is sometimes not possible, regular clinical follow up of EB naevi with histopathological evaluation of highly suspicious lesions is mandatory.

关键词：皮肤镜检黑色素瘤色素网色素痣色素性逐步解析法白色膜色素沉着色部假阳性结果

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希腊克利特岛皮肤黑色素瘤的发病率

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 56-56页

作者： Lasithiotakis K. Krüger-Krasagakis S. Manousaki A. A. Tosca 张路坤 department of Dermatology University General Hospital of Heraklion 71110 Heraklion Crete Greece Dr.

Background: For Greece, no data regarding the incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) have been reported. In this report, we present epidemiologic data for CM on Crete, an island in southern Greece, during the years 1999-2002. We attempt a comparison with corresponding data reported for the Italian population. Methods: One hundred and two CM patients of Cretan origin with primary CM first diagnosed between the years 1999-2002 were interviewed and underwent complete skin examination by the same two experienced dermatologists. Crude and/or age-standardized incidence rates were calculated for Crete as a whole, as well as for each one of the four prefectures of the island. Results: The age-standardized incidence rate according to the Greek population was 4.6 per 100,000 person-years for men and 4.7 per 100,000 person-years for women. The crude incidence rates did not differ significanty between the four prefectures. Significant differences between Cretan and Italian CM patients were found in terms of gender, age at diagnosis, anatomic site and histogenetic type of CM, hair color, skin reaction to sun exposure, history of sunburn before the age of 15 years, presence of solar lentigines, and total common nevus count. Conclusions: The incidence of CM on Crete is higher than that estimated for the whole of Greece and comparable with the incidence reported for other southern European countries.

关键词：标准化发病率皮肤黑色素瘤希腊统计学差异流行病学资料发病年龄日光照射皮肤科检查皮肤科医师组织学类型

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TLR7增效剂咪喹莫特增强Ⅰ型干扰素信号并募集表达趋化因子受体CXCR3的淋巴细胞到局部皮肤

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 59-59页

作者： Wenzel J. Uerlich M. Haller O. 李政霄 department of Dermatology University of Bonn Sigmund-Freud-Strasse2553105BonnGermany Dr.

Introduction: Imiquimod (Aldara.) is an immune response modifier approved for the topical treatment of external genital and perianal warts which can mediate regression of several cutaneous malignancies basal cell carcinoma (BCC), Bowen’ s disease, actinic keratosis, and metastasis of malignant melanoma . Recently, it was discovered that imiquimod acts through the toll- like receptor (TLR) 7. We hypothesizethat TLR7- signaling strongly induces the production of interferon (IFN) α , which is able to enhance Th1- mediated cellular antiviral and antitumor immunity. Patients and methods: In the present study we analyzed the expression of MxA, a protein specifically induced by type I IFNs during topical imiquimod treatment in several patients suffering from different cutaneous malignancies (BCC, cutaneous metastasis of melanoma, and breast cancer), and characterized the inflammatory infiltrate, along with the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR3, by immunohistochemistry. Results: Treatment with the TLR7agonist imiquimod induced a significant lesional lymphocytic inflammation, associated with strong expression of MxA, indicating the induction of type I IFN signaling. The extent of lesional MxA staining closely correlated with the number of infiltrating T lymphocytes and the expression of the chemokine receptorCXCR3,characteristic for Th1- biased immuneresponses. Discussion: Our in vivo results suggest an important role for TLR7- induced production of type I IFN, which links innate and adaptive immunity and promotes specific Th1- biased cellular immune response capable of eliminating cutaneous malignancies. MxA appears to be a valuable parameter to demonstrate IFN- type I expression in imiquimod therapy.

关键词：咪喹莫特 CXCR3 TLR7 趋化因子受体 Ⅰ型干扰素增效剂恶性黑素瘤鲍温病基底细胞癌肛周疣

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