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Parboiled rice supplementation alleviates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia by regulating genes and gut microbiota in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1422-1438页

作者： Xiuxiu Wu Tianyi Guo Biao Li Shuai Han Zuomin Hu Yi Luo Dandan Qin Yaping Zhou Feijun Luo Qinlu Lin National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality ControlHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and ProcessingCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China department of Clinical Medicine Medical College of XiangyaCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China

Dietary parboiled rice(PR)has a low risk of disease,but little is known about the contribution of PR to the prevention of *** potential role and underlying mechanisms of PR in hyperlipidemia were evaluated in this *** C57BL/6J mice were fed with a normal diet,high-fat diet(HFD)containing refined rice(HFDRR)or PR(HFDPR).It was found that PR intervention improved lipid accumulation in *** data analysis revealed that 27 genes were up-regulated(mostly involved in lipid breakdown)and 86 genes were down-regulated(mostly involved in inflammatory responses)in the HFDPR group compared to the HFDRR *** 15 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were validated by quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR),while protein interaction network showed that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C(PTPRC)has a central *** gut microbiota of mice was also altered after different dietary treatments,with higher ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,increased abundances of Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Christensenellaceae,Porphyromonadaceae,Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae,and decreased abundances of Lactobacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae,Erysipelotrichaceae and Actinobacteria in the HFDRR *** addition,it was observed that PPAR signaling pathway may act as a bridge between DEGs and differential gut *** results suggested that PR can prevent hyperlipidemia by modulating liver genes and gut microbiota.

关键词： Parboiled rice Blood lipids Transcriptome Gut microbiota PPAR Signaling pathway

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3-Methyladenine potentiates paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 at thr161 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell

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BIOCELL 2024年第5期48卷 861-872页

作者： XIAOQI WU YECHUAN HE YEQIN YUAN XIAN TAN LIN ZHU DANLING WANG BINYUAN JIANG Hengyang medical School University of South ChinaHengyang421001China Institute for Future Sciences University of South ChinaChangsha410008China medical Research Center The Affiliated Changsha Central HospitalHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaChangsha410004China department of Clinical laboratory The Affiliated Changsha Central HospitalHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaChangsha410004China

Background:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)exhibits a significant prevalence in the southern regions of China,and paclitaxel(PTX)is frequently employed as a medication for managing advanced ***,drug resistance is typically accompanied by a poor *** the synergistic potential of combining multiple chemotherapeutic agents may represent a promising avenue for optimizing treatment ***:This study investigated whether 3-Methyladenine(3-MA)could potentiated the effect of PTX and its potential molecular *** were divided into the following categories:Negative control(NC)with the solvent dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO,0.5%v/v),PTX(400 nM),3-MA(4 mM),and PTX(400 nM)+3-MA(4 mM).The viability of NPC cells was assessed using both the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay and the colony formation *** observation was performed to identify morphological cell *** cytometry was used to assess cell cycle status,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and apoptotic *** blotting was conducted to quantify the protein ***:3-MA enhanced PTX-specific inhibition of NPC cell ***,either alone or in combination with 3-MA,caused cell cycle halt at the G2/M phase in the majority of NPC cells,and the combination treatment of PTX with 3-MA induced a higher rate of NPC cell death compared to PTX *** blotting results revealed the combination of PTX with 3-MA heightened activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1),a key molecule in shifting cells from mitotic arrest to apoptosis,led to a reduction in Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1(MCL-1)expression and an increase in Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)***:The concurrent administration of PTX with 3-MA effectively enhances PTX’s inhibitory impact on NPC and activates the apoptosis signal regulated by CDK1.

关键词： Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Paclitaxel 3-Methyladenine Cell cycle Apoptosis

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Haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 leads to hypertriglyceridemia and obesity by disrupting the expression and nucleocytoplasmic localization of Lipin1

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 180-191页

作者： Fang Wang Yuxing Liu Yi Dong Meifang Zhao Hao Huang Jieyuan Jin Liangliang Fan Rong Xiang department of Endocrinology The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha410013China department of Cellular Biology School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Pediatric Rare DiseasesMinistry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha410013China

Lipin proteins including Lipin 1–3 act as transcriptional co-activators and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase enzymes,which play crucial roles in lipid ***,little is known about the function of Lipin3 in triglyceride(TG)***,we identified a novel mutation(NM_001301860:p.1835A>T/p.D612V)of Lipin3 in a large family with hypertriglyceridemia(HTG)and obesity through whole-exome sequencing and Sanger *** studies revealed that the novel variant altered the half-life and stability of the Lipin3 ***,we generated Lipin3 heterozygous knockout(Lipin3-heKO)mice and cultured primary hepatocytes to explore the pathophysiological roles of Lipin3 in TG *** found that Lipin3-heKO mice exhibited obvious obesity,HTG,and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** study demonstrated that the haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 in primary hepatocytes may induce the overexpression and abnormal distribution of Lipin1 in cytosol and *** increased expression of Lipin1 in cytosol may contribute to TG anabolism,and the decreased Lipin1 in nucleoplasm can reduce PGC1α,further leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced TG *** study suggested that Lipin3 was a novel disease-causing gene inducing obesity and *** also established a relationship between Lipin3 and mitochondrial dysfunction.

关键词： Lipin3 Lipin1 hypertriglyceridemia obesity mitochondrial dysfunction

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Multi-omics analysis of adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas reveals distinct molecular subgroups with prognostic and treatment response significance

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Chinese medical Journal 2024年第7期137卷 859-870页

作者： Xianlong Wang Chuan Zhao Jincheng Lin Hongxing Liu Qiuhong Zeng Huadong Chen Ye Wang Dapeng Xu Wen Chen Moping Xu En Zhang Da Lin Zhixiong Lin department of Bioinformatics School of Medical Technology and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Medical BioinformaticsKey Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal CancerFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350122China department of Neurosurgery Sanbo Brain HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100093China

Background:Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma(ACP)is the commonest pediatric sellar *** effective drug is available and interpatient heterogeneity is *** study aimed to identify distinct molecular subgroups of ACP based on the multi-omics profiles,imaging findings,and histological features,in order to predict the response to anti-inflammatory treatment and ***:Totally 142 Chinese cases diagnosed with craniopharyngiomas were profiled,including 119 ACPs and 23 papillary ***-exome sequencing(151 tumors,including recurrent ones),RNA sequencing(84 tumors),and DNA methylome profiling(95 tumors)were *** clustering and non-negative matrix factorization were used for subgrouping,and Cox regression were utilized for prognostic evaluation,***:Three distinct molecular subgroups were identified:WNT,ImA,and *** WNT subgroup showed higher Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity,with a greater number of epithelial cells and more predominantly solid *** ImA and ImB subgroups had activated inflammatory and interferon response pathways,with enhanced immune cell infiltration and more predominantly cystic ***-activated protein kinases(MEK/MAPK)signaling was activated only in ImA samples,while IL-6 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers were highly expressed in the ImB group,mostly consisting of *** degree of astrogliosis was significantly elevated in the ImA group,with severe finger-like protrusions at the invasive front of the *** molecular subgrouping was an independent prognostic factor,with the WNT group having longer event-free survival than ImB(Cox,P=0.04).ImA/ImB cases were more likely to respond to immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy than the WNT group(P<0.01).In the preliminary screening of subtyping markers,CD38 was significantly downregulated in WNT compared with ImA and ImB(P=0.01).Conclusions:ACP comprises three molecular subtypes with distinct

关键词： Craniopharyngioma central nervous system tumor Precision medicine beta Catenin Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf

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Efficacy of ginseng-based Renshenguben oral solution for cancer-related fatigue among patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma:A prospective multicenter cohort study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 249-256页

作者： Ming-Da Wang Chen Yuan Ke-Chun Wang Nan-Ya Wang Ying-Jian Liang Hong Zhu Xiang-Min Tong Tian Yang department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery General Surgery CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalSecond Military Medical University(Naval Medical University)Shanghai 200438China department of Clinical laboratory Laboratory Medicine CenterZhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310000China department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150007China department of medical Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China fdepartment of central laboratory Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalWestlake University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China

Background:Cancer-related fatigue(CRF)is a common and debilitating symptom experienced by patients with advanced-stage cancer,especially those undergoing antitumor *** study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Renshenguben(RSGB)oral solution,a ginseng-based traditional Chinese medicine,in alleviating CRF in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)receiving antitumor ***:In this prospective,open-label,controlled,multicenter study,patients with advanced HCC at BCLC stage C and a brief fatigue inventory(BFI)score of≥4 were *** were assigned to the RSGB group(RSGB,10 mL twice daily)or the control group(with supportive care).Primary and secondary endpoints were the change in multidimensional fatigue inventory(MFI)score,and BFI and functional assessment of cancer therapy-hepatobiliary(FACT-Hep)scores at weeks 4 and 8 after *** events(AEs)and toxicities were ***:A total of 409 participants were enrolled,with 206 assigned to the RSGB *** week 4,there was a trend towards improvement,but the differences were not statistically *** week 8,the RSGB group exhibited a significantly lower MFI score(P<0.05)compared to the control group,indicating improved fatigue ***,the RSGB group showed significantly greater decrease in BFI and FACT-Hep scores at week 8(P<0.05).Subgroup analyses among patients receiving various antitumor treatments showed similar *** linear regression analyses revealed that the RSGB group experienced a significantly substantial decrease in MFI,BFI,and FACT-Hep scores at week *** serious drug-related AEs or toxicities were ***:RSGB oral solution effectively reduced CRF in patients with advanced HCC undergoing antitumor therapy over an eight-week period,with no discernible *** findings support the potential of RSGB oral solution as an adjunctive treatment for managing CRF in this patient population.

关键词： Cancer-related fatigue Hepatocellular carcinoma Renshenguben oral solution Efficacy Safety Ginseng

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Bioinspired metal-organic framework nanozyme reinforced with thermosensitive hydrogel for regulating inflammatory responses in Parkinson’s disease

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 858-865页

作者： Xiaowan Fan Tao Zhang Xin Ding Yushuo Gu Qing Li Wei Jiang Kelong Fan Nanozyme medical Center Academy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China department Central-China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesHean Cardiovascular Disease CenterFuwai Central-China HospitalCentral China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Application Center for Precision Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China CAS Engineering laboratory for Nanozyme Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalsInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China department of General Surgery Strategic Support Force Medical CenterBeijing 100101China department of Anesthesiology Pain and Perioperative MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder accompanied by movement disorders and neuroinflammatory ***-inflammatory intervention to regulate oxidative stress in the brain is beneficial for managing ***,traditional natural antioxidants have failed to meet the clinical treatment demands due to insufficient activity and ***,Cu-doping zeolite imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)nanozyme is designed to simulate Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(SOD)by biomimetic *** nanozyme composite is then integrated into thermosensitive hydrogel(poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA-PEG-PLGA))to form an effective antioxidant system(Cu-ZIF@Hydrogel).The thermosensitive hydrogel incorporating nanozymes demonstrate distinct viscoelastic properties aimed at enhancing local nanozyme adhesion,prolonging nanozyme retention time,and modulating antioxidant activity,thus significantly improving the bioavailability of *** the cellular and animal levels of PD,we find that Cu-ZIF@Hydrogel bypass the blood-brain barrier and efficiently accumulate in the nerve ***,the Cu-ZIF@Hydrogel significantly alleviate the PD’s behavioral and pathological symptoms by reducing the neuroinflammatory levels in the lesion ***,the hydrogel-incorporating nanozyme system holds great potential as a simple and reliable avenue for managing PD.

关键词： bioinspired nanozyme thermosensitive hydrogel Parkinson’s disease oxidative stress neuroinflammatory

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Intensive blood pressure control on arterial stiffness among older patients with hypertension

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Chinese medical Journal 2024年第9期137卷 1078-1087页

作者： Shuyuan Zhang Yixuan Zhong Shouling Wu Hailei Wu Jun Cai Weili Zhang On behalf of the STEP Study Group National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesPeking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China department of Cardiology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China State Key laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesPeking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China department of Cardiology Kailuan General HospitalTangshanHebei 063000China central China Subcenter of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Henan Cardiovascular Disease CenterFuwai Central-China Cardiovascular HospitalCentral China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450046China 不详

Background:Arterial stiffening increases with age and blood pressure and is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD),but the relationship between blood pressure lowering and arterial stiffening is still uncertain,especially in older *** study aimed to evaluate the effect of intensive blood pressure treatment on the progression of arterial stiffness and risk of CVD in older patients with ***:The Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients(STEP)trial was a multicenter,randomized,controlled trial performed at 42 clinical centers throughout China,and 8511 patients aged 60-80 years with essential hypertension were enrolled and randomly assigned to systolic blood pressure(SBP)target of 110 mmHg to<130 mmHg(intensive treatment)or 130 mmHg to<150 mmHg(standard treatment).Patients underwent repeated examinations of the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and ankle-brachial index(ABI)at baseline,and the arterial stiffness was evaluated at the 3-year follow-up.A total of 5339 patients who had twice repeated measurements were included in this *** in arterial stiffness between the intensive and standard treatment groups were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression *** Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate the effect of intensive treatment on primary CVD ***:The changes in baPWV were 61.5 cm/s(95%confidence interval[CI]:49.8-73.2 cm/s)in the intensive treatment group and 98.4 cm/s(95%CI:86.7-110.1 cm/s)in the standard treatment group(P<0.001).Intensive treatment significantly delayed the progression of arterial stiffness,with an annual change of 23.1 cm·s^(-1)·year-1 vs.36.7 cm·s^(-1)·year^(-1)of baPWV in the intensive and standard treatment groups,*** a median follow-up period of 3.36 years,primary CVD outcomes occurred in 77(2.9%)patients in the intensive treatment group compared with 93(3.5%)in the standard treatment *** tre

关键词： Hypertension Arterial stiffness Cardiovascular disease Older people Blood pressure Pulse wave velocity

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Association of TRMT2B gene variants with juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 68-80页

作者： Yanling Liu Xi He Yanchun Yuan Bin Li Zhen Liu Wanzhen Li Kaixuan Li Shuo Tan Quan Zhu Zhengyan Tang Feng Han Ziqiang Wu Lu Shen Hong Jiang Beisha Tang Jian Qiu Zhengmao Hu Junling Wang department of Neurology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityJiangxiNational Regional Center for Neurological DiseasesNanchang330038China Provincial laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease Department of UrologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310002China department of Neurology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410008China Key laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders Central South UniversityChangsha410008China Center for medical Genetics School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangsha410008China Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders Central South UniversityChangsha410078China Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases Changsha410078China Hunan Key laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410078China

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons,and it demonstrates high clinical heterogeneity and complex genetic architecture.A variation within TRMT2B(c.1356G>T;p.K452N)was identified to be associated with ALS in a family comprising two patients with juvenile ALS(JALS).Two missense variations and one splicing variation were identified in 10 patients with ALS in a cohort with 910 patients with ALS,and three more variants were identified in a public ALS database including 3317 patients with ALS.A decreased number of mitochondria,swollen mitochondria,lower expression of ND1,decreased mitochondrial complex I activities,lower mitochondrial aerobic respiration,and a high level of ROS were observed functionally in patient-originated lymphoblastoid cell lines and TRMT2B interfering HEK293 ***,TRMT2B variations overexpression cells also displayed decreased *** conclusion,a novel JALS-associated gene called TRMT2B was identified,thus broadening the clinical and genetic spectrum of ALS.

关键词： TRMT2B amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mitochondrial complex I tRNA methylation reactive oxygen species

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The MORC2 p.S87L mutation reduces proliferation of pluripotent stem cells derived from a patient with the spinal muscular atrophy-like phenotype by inhibiting proliferation-related signaling pathways

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 205-211页

作者： Sen Zeng Honglan Yang Binghao Wang Yongzhi Xie Ke Xu Lei Liu Wanqian Cao Xionghao Liu Beisha Tang Mujun Liu Ruxu Zhang department of Neurology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina department of Radiology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Health Management Center The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Center for medical Genetics&Hunan Key laboratory of medical Genetics School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina department of Cell Biology School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Mutations in the microrchidia CW-type zinc finger protein 2(MORC2)gene are the causative agent of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z(CMT2Z),and the hotspot mutation p.S87L is associated with a more seve re spinal muscular atrophy-like clinical *** aims of this study were to determine the mechanism of the severe phenotype caused by the MORC2 p.S87L mutation and to explore potential treatment *** cells were isolated from urine samples from a spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)-like patient[MORC2 p.S87L),a CMT2Z patient[MORC2 p.Q400R),and a healthy control and induced to generate pluripotent stem cells,which were then differentiated into motor neuron precursor ***-generation RNA sequencing followed by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes involved in the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK signaling pathways were enriched in the p.S87L SMA-like patient group and were significantly downregulated in induced pluripotent stem *** proliferation was observed in the induced pluripotent stem cells and motor neuron precursor cells derived from the p.S87L SMA-like patient group compared with the CMT2Z patient group and the healthy control.G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest was observed in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from the p.S87L SMA-like ***2 p.S87Lspecific antisense oligonucleotides(p.S87L-ASO-targeting)showed significant efficacy in improving cell prolife ration and activating the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK pathways in induced pluripotent stem *** r,p.S87L-ASO-ta rgeting did not rescue prolife ration of motor neuron precursor *** findings suggest that downregulation of the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK signaling pathways leading to reduced cell proliferation and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in induced pluripotent stem cells might be the underlying mechanism of the severe p.S87L SMA-like phenotype.p.S87L-ASO-targeting treatment can alleviate disordered cell proliferation in the early stag

关键词： antisense oligonucleotides cell cycle arrest Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2Z induced pluripotent stem cells MAPK/ERK PI3K/Akt proliferation spinal muscular atrophy-like

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Changes in macrophage infiltration and podocyte injury in lupus nephritis patients with repeated renal biopsy: Report of three cases

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 188-195页

作者： Shi-Yuan Liu Hao Chen Li-Jia He Chun-Kai Huang Pu Wang Zhang-Ru Rui Jue Wu Yang Yuan Yue Zhang Wen-Ju Wang Xiao-Dan Wang central laboratory Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan ProvinceYan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650051Yunnan ProvinceChina department of Nephropathy Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650051Yunnan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND In this study,we retrospectively analysed macrophage infiltration and podocyte injury in three patients with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis(LN)who un-derwent repeated renal *** SUMMARY Clinical data of three diffuse proliferative LN patients with different pathological characteristics(case 1 was LN IV-G(A),case 2 was LN IV-G(A)+V,and case 3 was LN IV-G(A)+thrombotic microangiopathy)were *** patients underwent repeated renal biopsies 6 mo later,and renal biopsy specimens were *** infiltration was assessed by CD68 expression detected by immunohistochemical staining,and an immunofluorescence assay was used to detect podocin expression to assess podocyte *** treatment,Case 1 changed to LN III-(A),Case 2 remained as type V LN lesions,and Case 3,which changed to LN IV-S(A),had the worst *** observed reduced macro-phage infiltration after ***,two of the patients with active lesions after treatment still showed macrophage infiltration in the renal *** treatment,the three patients showed discontinuous expression of ***,the integrity of podocin was restored after treatment in Case *** It may be possible to reverse podocyte damage and decrease the infiltrating ma-crophages in LN patients through effective treatment.

关键词： Lupus nephritis Macrophage Podocyte Repeat renal biopsy Thrombotic microangiopathy Case report

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