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Analysis and Optimization of Operational and Pollutant Attributes of Diesel Engine with CNT-Infused Orange Peel Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

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Journal of Thermal science 2024年第2期33卷 761-778页

作者： Ranjeet RAI R.R.SAHOO mechanical engineering department GLA UniversityMathura281406India mechanical engineering department IIT(BHU)Varanasi221005India

The current study is performed to find sustainable solutions for the future of transportation and environmental *** conventional methods and experimental design table(L16 Orthogonal Array)techniques have been employed to examine and optimize a diesel-powered engine's operational and pollutant *** L16 Orthogonal Array is obtained through Taguchi's experimental design approach using Minitab 16 *** experimental design incorporated three control variables,namely engine speed,fuel type,and engine load,each with four *** operational parameters,namely brake thermal efficiency(BTE)and brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC),as well as the emission characteristics,including hydrocarbon(HC),carbon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxide(NO),and smoke emissions,were acquired using the L16 orthogonal array(OA) and subsequently *** utilization of methodologies such as signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio and grey analysis was employed to determine the optimal operational state of the engine to achieve maximum performance while minimizing *** engine's ideal state of operation,in terms of BTE and BSFC,was determined to be at 75% engine load,1000 r/min engine speed,and using 10^(-4)(in vol) carbon nanotube incorporated 20% orange peel biodiesel(OPB20CNT100) blended fuel(A3-B1-C4).The study indicated that engine load significantly influenced BTE and BSFC,with 84.05% and 87.79% contribution factors,*** 25% engine load,1000 r/min,and OPB20CNT100 fuel(A1-B1-C4) CO,smoke,NO,and HC emissions were the *** load affects emissions the *** BSFC increased 3.10% and NO emissions 1.77%.BTE,CO,smoke,and HC emissions decreased by 1.9%,12.29%,47.05%,and 47.22%,respectively,at optimal operating conditions concerning diesel *** study shows that Taguchi-Grey's experimental design optimizes diesel engine operational and pollutant *** outcomes revealed that orange peel biodiesel infused with CNT can replace diesel fuel in a

关键词： Taguchi-Grey method OPB20CNT100 transesterification S/N ratio GRG HC CO and NO

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Single-atom catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into hydrocarbons and oxygenates

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 64-117页

作者： Karl Adrian Gandionco Juwon Kim Lieven Bekaert Annick Hubin Jongwoo Lim department of chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Research Group Electrochemical and Surface engineering(SURF) Department of Materials and ChemistryVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide offers a sound and economically viable technology for the electrification and decarbonization of the chemical and fuel *** this technology,an electrocatalytic material and renewable energy-generated electricity drive the conversion of carbon dioxide into high-value chemicals and carbon-neutral *** the past few years,single-atom catalysts have been intensively studied as they could provide near-unity atom utilization and unique catalytic ***-atom catalysts have become one of the state-of-the-art catalyst materials for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into carbon ***,it remains a challenge for single-atom catalysts to facilitate the efficient conversion of carbon dioxide into products beyond carbon *** this review,we summarize and present important findings and critical insights from studies on the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction into hydrocarbons and oxygenates using single-atom *** is hoped that this review gives a thorough recapitulation and analysis of the science behind the catalysis of carbon dioxide into more reduced products through singleatom catalysts so that it can be a guide for future research and development on catalysts with industry-ready performance for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into high-value chemicals and carbon-neutral fuels.

关键词： electrocatalysis electrochemical CO_(2)reduction hydrocarbons oxygenates single-atom catalysts

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A low-melting-point metal doping strategy for the synthesis of small-sized intermetallic Pt5Ce fuel cell catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8112-8118页

作者： Zi-Jun Zou Shi-Yi Yin Yao Tang Sheng-Liang Zhong Lei Wang Shi-Long Xu Hai-Wei Liang College of chemistry and Chemical engineering Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China department of chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of materials and Chemical engineering Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei 230601China

Carbon-supported platinum-lanthanum(Pt-Ln)intermetallic compound(IMC)nanoparticles with high activity and robust stability have been demonstrated as promising cathode catalysts for proton-exchange membrane fuel ***,the preparation of Pt-Ln IMC catalysts needs high-temperature annealing treatment that inevitably causes nanoparticle sintering,resulting in significant reduction of the electrochemical surface area and mass-based ***,we prepare small-sized M-doped Pt5Ce(M=Ga,Cd,and Sb)IMCs catalysts via a low-melting-point metal doping *** speculate that the doping of low-melting-point metals can facilitate the generation of vacancies in the crystal lattice through thermal activation and thus reduce the kinetic barriers for the formation of intermetallic Pt5Ce *** prepared Ga-doped Pt5Ce catalyst exhibits a higher electrochemical active surface area(81 m^(2)·gPt^(-1))and a larger mass activity(0.45 A·mgPt^(-1)at 0.9 V)over the undoped Pt5Ce and commercial Pt/C *** the membrane electrode assembly test,the Ga-doped Pt5Ce cathode delivers a power density of 0.98 W·cm^(-2)at 0.67 V,along with a voltage loss of only 27 mV at 0.8 A·cm^(-2)at the end of accelerated stability test.

关键词： P5Ce low-melting-point metal small-sized intermetallic compound catalysis fuel cells

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Waste acid recovery utilizing monovalent cation permselective membranes through selective electrodialysis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第7期71卷 45-57页

作者： Yanran Zhu Yue Zhou Qian Chen Rongqiang Fu Zhaoming Liu Liang Ge Tongwen Xu Anhui Provincial engineering Laboratory of Functional Membrane materials and Technology Department of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Charged Polymeric Membrane materials of Shandong Province Shandong Tianwei Membrane Technology Co.Ltd.Weifang 261000China

Selective electrodialysis(SED)has surfaced as a highly promising membrane separation technique in the realm of acid recovery owing to its ability to effectively separate monovalent ions through the utilization of a potential ***,the current SED process is limited by conventional commercial monovalent cation permselective membranes(MCPMs).This study systematically investigates the use of an independently developed MCPM in the SED process for acid *** factors such as current density,volume ratio,initial ion concentration,and waste acid systems are *** independently developed MCPM offers several advantages over the commercial monovalent selective cation-exchange membrane(CIMS),including higher recovered acid concentration,better ion flux ratio,improved acid recovery efficiency,increased recovered acid purity,and higher current *** SED process with the MCPM achieves a recovered acid of 95.9%and a concentration of 2.3 mol·L^(–1) in the HCl/FeCl_(2) system,when a current density of 20 mA·cm^(-2) and a volume ratio of 1:2 are ***,in the H_(2)SO_(4)/FeSO_(4) system,a purity of over 99%and a concentration of 2.1 mol·L^(–1) can be achieved in the recovered *** study thoroughly examines the impact of operation conditions on acid recovery performance in the SED *** independently developed MCPM demonstrates outstanding acid recovery performance,highlighting its potential for future commercial utilization.

关键词： Selective electrodialysis Wastewater Monovalent cation permselective membranes Separation Recovery

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Excess Activity Tuned by Distorted Tetrahedron in CoMoO4 for Oxygen Evolution

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第1期7卷 251-256页

作者： Hengbo Xiao Kai Chi Hongxia Yin Xiangji Zhou Pengxiang Lei Peizhi Liu Jiakun Fang Xiuhong Li Songliu Yuan Zhen Zhang Yaqiong Su Junjie Guo Lihua Qian School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Material chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of chemistry and Chemical engineering Hubei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Interface science and engineering in Advanced materials Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of mechanical engineering Hubei University of Technology department of Stomatology Union Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology School of chemistry Xi’an Jiaotong University

Oxygen vacancies enable modulating surface reconstruction of transition metal oxides containing metal-oxygen polyhedrons into metallic oxyhydroxide for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),while revealing reconstructing mec... 详细信息

关键词： metal–oxygen polyhedron oxygen evolution reaction oxygen vacancy Raman spectroscopy

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Anchoring Ru clusters to highly defective N-doped carbon nanotubes via a thermal-shock strategy for stable industrial hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5261-5269页

作者： Zhiming Li Xinyu Li Haiqing Ma Chenliang Ye Hongan Yu Long Nie Meng Zheng Jin Wang College of materials science and engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of chemistry and materials science Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China department of Power engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China

Non-Pt or low-Pt catalysts capable for stable generation of hydrogen via water electrolysis at an industrial level of current density are highly *** of strong metal-support connection is beneficial to improve the performance stability of *** we employed highly defective N-doped carbon nanotubes(d-N-CNT)as the support to achieve uniform and firm anchoring of Ru clusters(~1.9 nm)via a thermal-shock *** as-prepared Ru/d-N-CNT catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in alkaline media and requires an overpotential(ƞ)of 12 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2)and 116 mV at 200 mA·cm^(−2)with a Ru loading of 0.025 mg·cm^(−2).Impressively,Ru/d-N-CNT presents robust stability for HER at both low current density(stable for at least 1000 h at 10 mA·cm^(−2))and the industrial level of current density(stable for at least 100 h at 1000 mA·cm^(−2)),remarkably outperforming commercial Pt/C and Ru/*** highly defective nature of the N-CNT support endowed the as-prepared Ru/d-N-CNT catalyst with strong metal-support adhesion that efficiently suppressed agglomeration as well as obscission of Ru ***,the rich defects increased the surface energy of the N-CNT support and resulted in improved hydrophilicity as evidenced by the liquid contact angle measurement and the bubble evolution process,which also played an important role in stabilizing the HER performance especially at large current density.

关键词： thermal-shock method hydrogen evolution reaction large-current-density Ru cluster

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Heteroatom anchors Fe-Mn dual-atom catalysts with bi-functional oxygen catalytic activity for low-temperature rechargeable flexible Zn-air batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 610-620,I0014页

作者： Yuting He Hongtao Li Yi Wang Yufei Jia Yongning Liu Qiang Tan State Key Laboratory for mechanical Behaviour of materials School of Materials Science&EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

M-N-C(M=Fe,Co,Ni,etc.) catalyst owns high catalytic activity in the oxygen catalytic reaction which is the most likely to replace the Pt-based *** it is still a challenge to further increase the active site *** article constructs the high-efficiency FeMn-N/S-C-1000 catalyst to realize ORR/OER bifunctional catalysis by hetero-atom,bimetal(Fe,Mn) doped simultaneously *** evaluated it as bi-functional electro-catalysts,FeMn-N/S-C-1000 exhibits excellent catalytic activity(E_(1/2)=0.924 V,E_(j=10)=1.617 V) in alkaline media,outperforms conventional Pt/C,RuO_(2) and most non-precious-metal catalysts reported recently,Such outstanding performance is owing to N,S co-coordinated with metal to form multi-types of single atom,dual atom active sites to carry out ***,nitrite poison test provides the proof that the active sites of FeMn-N/S-C are more than that of single-atom catalysts to promote catalytic reactions *** better understand the local structure of Fe and Mn active sites,XAS and DFT were employed to reveal that FeMn-N_5/S-C site plays the key role during ***,the FeMn-N/S-C-1000 based low-temperature rechargeable flexible Zn-air also exhibits superior discharge performance and extraordinary durability at-40℃.This work will provide a new idea to design diatomic catalysts applied in low-temperature rechargeable batteries.

关键词： Fe Mn-N/S-C-1000 ORR OER Rechargeable flexible Zn-air batteries

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Synthesis and characterization of iron clusters with an icosahedral [Fe@Fe12]16+ Core

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National science Review 2024年第4期11卷 123-129页

作者： Gan Xu Yun-Shu Cui Xue-Lian Jiang Cong-Qiao Xu Jun Li Xu-Dong Chen Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University department of chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology department of chemistry and engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth materials of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Coordination chemistry Nanjing University

Iron-metal clusters are crucial in a variety of critical biological and material systems,including metalloenzymes,catalysts,and magnetic storage ***,a synthetic high-nuclear iron cluster has been absent due to the extreme difficulty in stabilizing species with direct iron-iron *** this work,we have synthesized,crystallized,and characterized a（Tp*）4W4S12(Fe@Fe12) cluster(Tp*=tris（3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl）borate（1-）),which features a rare trideca-nuclear,icosahedral[Fe@Fe12] cluster core with direct multicenter iron-iron bonding between the interstitial iron（Fei） and peripheral irons（Fep）,as well as Fep…Fepferromagnetic *** chemistry studies reveal that the stability of the cluster arises from the 18-electron shell-closing of the [Fe@Fe12]16+core,assisted by its bonding interactions with the peripheral tridentate [（Tp*）WS3]4-ligands which possess both S→Fe donation and spin-polarized Fe-Wσ *** ground-state electron spin is theoretically predicted to be S=32/2 for the *** existence of low oxidation-state（OS～+1.23） iron in this compound may find interesting applications in magnetic storage,spintronics,redox chemistry,and cluster catalysis.

关键词： Fe13 cluster iron-sulfur cluster low-valence iron iron−iron bond high spin complex

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A Miniaturized Crawler Design Based on an Origami-inspired and Geometrically Constrained Spherical Six-bar Linkage

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2024年第1期21卷 166-176页

作者： Subin Chae Gwang-Pil Jung department of mechanical and Automotive engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811South Korea

This paper focuses on a newly developed transmission for a milli-scale eight-legged crawling robot called *** transmission allows intuitive steering by directly changing the direction of the propulsion *** transmission is based on the constrained spherical six-bar *** constrained spherical six-bar linkage passes only reciprocating motion out of the motor’s rotating motion,allowing the crawling legs to kick the ground and obtain *** is achieved by adjusting the geometric constraints of the spherical six-bar using a servomotor,allowing the direction of propulsion to be *** a result,the OriSCO can move along the ground at a speed of 2.15 body lengths/s,and the robot is 60 mm long.

关键词： Bio-inspired robot Crawler:Crawling robot Direction change Spherical six-bar linkage

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Amorphous Iridium Oxide-Integrated Anode Electrodes with Ultrahigh Material Utilization for Hydrogen Production at Industrial Current Densities

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 225-239页

作者： Lei Ding Kui Li Weitian Wang Zhiqiang Xie Shule Yu Haoran Yu David ACullen Alex Keane Kathy Ayers Christopher BCapuano Fangyuan Liu Pu-Xian Gao Feng-Yuan Zhang department of mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Oak Ridge National Lab Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak RidgeTN 37831USA Nel Hydrogen WallingfordCT 06492USA Institute of materials science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA department of materials science and engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Herein,ionomer-free amorphous iridium oxide(IrO_(x))thin electrodes are first developed as highly active anodes for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs)via low-cost,environmentally friendly,and easily scalable electrodeposition at room *** with a Nafion 117 membrane,the IrO_(x)-integrated electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.075 mg cm^(-2)delivers a high cell efficiency of about 90%,achieving more than 96%catalyst savings and 42-fold higher catalyst utilization compared to commercial catalyst-coated membrane(2 mg cm^(-2)).Additionally,the IrO_(x)electrode demonstrates superior performance,higher catalyst utilization and significantly simplified fabrication with easy scalability compared with the most previously reported ***,the remarkable performance could be mainly due to the amorphous phase property,sufficient Ir^(3+)content,and rich surface hydroxide groups in ***,due to the high activity,high cell efficiency,an economical,greatly simplified and easily scalable fabrication process,and ultrahigh material utilization,the IrO_(x)electrode shows great potential to be applied in industry and accelerates the commercialization of PEMECs and renewable energy evolution.

关键词： Ionomer-free Amorphous IrOx electrodes Ultrahigh material utilization Scalable electrodeposition Hydrogen production

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